Abstract
The application of fine needle aspiration cytology to the management of thyroid disorders has an interesting practical history. The first clinical uses of aspiration cytology evolved from Scandinavia in the 1950s [1]. Martin and Ellis utilized this technique in 1930 to diagnose a variety of masses at Memorial Hospital in New York [2]. Stewart then reported 2,500 tumors in 1933 [3]. Subsequently, other European publications began to emphasize the utility of this method to more accurately characterize thyroid nodules [4–7]. How did the interest in cytology polarize to Scandinavia in those early years? At that time, pathologists in the United States were reluctant to accept this technique due to various reasons.
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Soderstrom N. Puncture of goiters for aspiration biopsy. A preliminary report. Acta Med Scand. 1952;144:235–44.
Martin HE, Ellis B. Biopsy diagnosis by needle puncture and aspiration. Ann Surg. 1930;62:169–81.
Stewart FW. The diagnosis of tumors by aspiration. Am J Pathol. 1933;9:801–13.
Einhorn J, Franzen S. Thin needle biopsy in the diagnosis of thyroid diseases. Acta Radiol. 1962;90:1619–25.
Lowhagen T, Zajicek J. In: Weid GL, editor. Thyroid in aspiration biopsy cytology. Part I. Cytology of supradiaphragmatic organs in monographs in clinical cytology, vol 4. Basel: S.Karger; 1974.
Lowhagen T, Granberg P, Lundell G, et al. Aspiration biopsy cytology (ABC) on nodules of the thyroid gland suspected to be malignant. Surg Clin North Am. 1979;59:3–18.
Akerman M, Tennvall J, Bjorklund J, et al. Sensitivity and specificity of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of tumours of the thyroid gland. Acta Cytol. 1985;29:850–5.
Crockford PM, Bain GO. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid. Can Med Assoc. 1974;110:1029–32.
Crile Jr G, Hawk Jr WA. Aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules. Surg Gyn Obst. 1973;136:241–5.
Wang CA, Vickery Jr AL, Maloof F. Needle biopsy of the thyroid. Surg Gyn Obst. 1976;143:365–8.
Miller JM, Hamburger JI, Kini SR. Diagnosis of thyroid nodules by fine needle aspiration and needle biopsy. JAMA. 1979;241:481–6.
Ashcraft MW, Van Herle AJ. Management of thyroid nodules II. Scanning techniques, thyroid suppression therapy, and fine needle aspiration. Head Neck Surg. 1981;3:297.
Sudha R, Kini SR. Thyroid cytopathology. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2008. pp. 1, 2, 21–26.
Miller JM, Hamburger JI, Kini SR. The impact of needle biopsy on the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Henry Ford Hosp Med J. 1980;28:145.
Randolph GW. Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2003. p. 139–40.
American Thyroid Association. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19(11):8–9.
Danese D, Sciacchitano S, Farsetti A, Andreoli M, Pontecorvi A. Diagnostic accuracy of conventional versus sonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules. Thyroid. 1998;8:15–21.
Carmeci C, Jeffrey RB, McDougall IR, Nowels KW, Weigel RJ. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid masses. Thyroid. 1998;8:283–9.
Bonavita JA, Mayo J, Babb J, Bennett G, Oweity T, Macari M, et al. Pattern recognition of benign nodules at ultrasound of the thyroid: which nodules can be left alone? Am J Roentgenol. 2009;193:207–13.
Moon WJ, Kwag HJ, Na DG. Are there any specific ultrasound findings of nodular hyperplasia (“leave me alone” lesion) to differentiate it from follicular adenoma? Acta Radiol. 2009;50:383–8.
Santos JEC, Leiman G. Nonaspiration fine needle cytology: application of a new technique to nodular thyroid disease. Acta Cytol. 1988;32:353–6.
Mair S, Dunbar F, Becker PJ, et al. Fine needle cytology: is aspiration suction necessary? A study of 100 masses in various sites. Acta Cytol. 1989;33:809–13.
Lowhagen T, Williams JS, Lundell G, et al. Aspiration biopsy cytology in diagnosis of cancer. World J Surg. 1981;5:61–73.
Kini SR, Miller JM, Hamburger JI, et al. Cytopathology of follicular lesions of the thyroid gland. Diagn Cytopathol. 1985;1:123–32.
Goellner JR, Gharib H, Grant CS, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid 1980–86. Acta Cytol. 1987;31:587–90.
Caruso D, Mazzaferri EL. Fine needle aspiration biopsy in the management of thyroid nodules. Endocrinologist. 1991;1:194–202.
Alexander EK, Heering JP, Benson CB, Frates MC, Doubilet PM, Cibas ES, et al. Assessment of non-diagnostic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:4924–7.
Hegedus L. Clinical practice. The thyroid nodule. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1674–771.
Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA, Asa SL, Rosai J, Merino MJ, Randolph G, et al. Diagnostic terminology and morphologic criteria for cytologic diagnosis of thyroid lesions: a synopsis of the National Cancer Institute Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration State of the Science Conference. Diagn Cytopathol. 2008;36:425–37.
Carney JA et al. Hyalinizing trabecular tumors of the thyroid gland are almost all benign. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008;32:1877–89.
Bartolazzi A, Orlandi F, Saggiorato E, et al. Italian Cancer Study Group (ITCSG) Galectin-3 expression analysis in the surgical selection of follicular thyroid nodules with indeterminate fine-needle aspiration cytology: a prospective multicenter study. Lancet Oncol. 2008;9:543–9.
Nikiforov YE, Steward DL, Robinson-Smith TM, et al. Molecular testing for mutations in improving the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of thyroid nodules. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94:2092–8.
Franco C, Martinez V, Allamand JP, et al. Molecular markers in thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy: a prospective study. Appl Immunhistochem Mol Morphol. 2009;17:211–5.
Marqusee E, Benson CB, Frates MC, et al. Usefulness of ultrasonography in the management of nodular thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med. 2000;1339:696–700.
Papini E, Guglielme R, Bianchini A, et al. Risk of malignancy in nonpalpable thyroid nodules: predictive value of ultrasound and color-Doppler features. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87:1941–6.
Frates MC, Benson CB, Doubilet PM, et al. Prevalence and distribution of carcinoma in patients with solitary and multiple thyroid nodules on sonography. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91:3411–7.
Gharib H, Goellner JR. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid: an appraisal. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118:282–9.
Hamburger JI. Extensive personal experience. Diagnosis of thyroid nodules by fine needle biopsy: use and abuse. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994;79:335–9.
Gharib H, Goellner JR, Johnson DA. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid. A 12 year experience with 11,000 biopsies. Clin Lab Med. 1993;13:699–709.
Gharib H. Changing trends in thyroid practice: understanding nodular thyroid disease. Endocr Pract. 2004;10:31–9.
Yuen HY, Wong KT, Ahuja AT. Use of end-cutting needles in ultrasound-guided biopsy of neck lesions. In press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Electronic Supplementary material
20-Fine needle aspiration of solid component of complex nodu (8,982 KB)
88-FNA of mass, long axis approach (3,382 KB)
89-FNA short axis technique (1,115 KB)
90-Cyst with solid projection. FNA in short axis can targe(1,108 KB)
91-Cyst with mural component. FNA utilizing short axis app (1,084 KB)
92-Recurrent Hurthle cell carcinoma of thyroid bed. Note pr (56,865 KB)
96-Core biopsy after previous measurements. Note needle en (48,153 KB)
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sofferman, R.A. (2012). Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology. In: Sofferman, R., Ahuja, A. (eds) Ultrasound of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0974-8_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0974-8_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-0973-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-0974-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)