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Genomics of Tree Crops pp 71–116Cite as

Gene Flow, Spatial Structure, Local Adaptation, and Assisted Migration in Trees

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Abstract

Gene flow is a process of transferring and exchanging genetic material among groups of organisms and is an important evolutionary factor that greatly affects genetic variation and differentiation in trees. Gene flow within and among populations of forest trees plays an important role in forest tree improvement, conservation genetics, and containment of genetically modified trees (GM trees). Although trees are a very diverse group of woody plants, they share many common life traits that affect gene flow, which we discuss in this review. Some unfavorable processes in current forest tree ecosystems, such as habitat loss and fragmentation, increased environmental stress due to global climate change, introgression from domesticated trees into their wild relatives, introduction of maladapted germplasm during reforestation, etc., may badly affect naturally established balance between gene flow, isolation, and local adaptation. Therefore, estimation of gene flow becomes increasingly important for monitoring these processes and developing the best possible strategy to manage and protect forest ecosystems. Here, we review what has been done in this area recently and the methods and approaches currently used to measure gene flow in forest tree populations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, #319 Horticulture and Forest Science Building, 2138 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-2138, USA

    Konstantin V. Krutovsky Ph.D.

  2. Department of Genetics, Institute of Experimental Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, 85-064, Poland

    Jaroslaw Burczyk & Igor Chybicki Ph.D.

  3. Büsgen-Institute, Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Georg-August University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany

    Reiner Finkeldey

  4. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Tanja Pyhäjärvi Ph.D.

  5. Departamento de Ecología y Genética Forestal, Centro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR) – INIA, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    Juan Jose Robledo-Arnuncio Ph.D.

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  1. Konstantin V. Krutovsky Ph.D.
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  2. Jaroslaw Burczyk
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  3. Igor Chybicki Ph.D.
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  4. Reiner Finkeldey
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  5. Tanja Pyhäjärvi Ph.D.
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  6. Juan Jose Robledo-Arnuncio Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Konstantin V. Krutovsky Ph.D. .

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  1. USDA - ARS, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, 33158, Florida, USA

    R.J. Schnell

  2. of India, Central Experiment Station, Rubber Research Institute, Thompikandom, P.O., Ranni, 689676, Kerala, India

    P.M. Priyadarshan

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Krutovsky, K.V., Burczyk, J., Chybicki, I., Finkeldey, R., Pyhäjärvi, T., Robledo-Arnuncio, J.J. (2012). Gene Flow, Spatial Structure, Local Adaptation, and Assisted Migration in Trees. In: Schnell, R., Priyadarshan, P. (eds) Genomics of Tree Crops. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0920-5_4

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