Abstract
The discussion of the dolphin’s receiving system so far has dealt primarily with relatively simple sinusoidal signals. In this section, we will discuss characteristics of the dolphin’s receiving system for complex sounds. Any broadband, nonsinusoidal sound, such as a short click, a combination of clicks, or broadband noise, is defined as a complex sound. Since we will not discuss the characteristics of dolphin sonar pulses until Chapter 5, it is sufficient to state at this time that dolphins typically echolocate with short duration broadband transient-like pulses or clicks. In fact, the experiments that will be discussed in this section were performed to answer questions concerning various facets of the dolphin’s echolocation capabilities; however, since they were hearing or passive sonar experiments and measured the characteristics of the animals’ receiving system, it is appropriate to present them here.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Akopian, A.J., Zaytseva, K.A., Morozov, V.P., and Titov, A.A. (1977). Spatial directivity of the dolphin’s auditory system in perception of varied frequencies signal in noise. Proc. of the Ninth All-Union Acoust. Conf., Moscow.
Au, W.W.L., and Hammer, C.E., Jr. (1980). Target recognition via echolocation by Tursiops truncatus. In: G. Busnel and J.F. Fish, eds., Animal Sonar Systems. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 855–858.
Au, W.W.L., and Pawloski, J.L. (1989). Detection of ripple noise by an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86: 591–596.
Au, W.W.L., Moore, P.W.B., and Pawloski, D.A. (1988). Detection of complex echoes in noise by an echolocating dolphin. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83: 662–668.
Bel’kovich, V.M., and Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1976). Sensory Basis of Cetacean Orientation. Leningrad: Nauka.
Bilsen, F.A., and Ritsma, R.J. (1967/1968). Repetition pitch mediated by temporal fine structure at dominant spectral regions. Acustica 19: 114–115.
Bilsen, F.A., and Ritsma, R.J. (1970). Some parameters influencing the perception of pitch. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 47: 469–476.
Bracewell, R.M. (1978). The Fourier Transform and its Application, New York: McGraw Hill.
Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1990). On the two auditory subsystems of dolphins. In: J.A. Thomas and R. Kastelein, eds., Sensory Ability of Cetacean: Laboratory and Field Evidence, edited by New York: Plenum Press, pp. 233–254.
Dubrovskiy, N.A., Krasnov, P.S., and Titov, A.A. (1978). Auditory discrimination of acoustic stimuli with different phase structures in a bottlenose dolphin. In: Marine Mammals, 114–115.
Hammer, C.E., Jr., and Au, W.W.L. (1980). Porpoise echo-recognition: an analysis of controlling target characteristics. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68: 1285–1293.
Johnson, R.A. (1980). Energy spectrum analysis in echolocation. In: R.G. Busnel and J.F. Fish, eds., Animal Sonar Systems. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 673–693.
Johnson, R.A., and Titlebaum, E.L. (1976). Energy spectrum analysis: a model of echolocation processing. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 60: 484–491.
Johnson, R.A., Moore, P.W.B., Stoermer, M.W., Pawloski, J.L., and Anderson, L.C. (1988). Temporal order discrimination within the dolphin critical interval. In: P.E. Nachtigall and P.W.B. Moore, eds., Animal Sonar: Processes and Performance. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 317–321.
McCellan, M.E., and Small, A.M. (1965). Time separation pitch associated with correlated noise bursts. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 38: 142–143.
Moore, P.W.B., Hall, R.W., Friedl, W.A., and Nachtigall, P.E. (1984). The critical interval in dolphin echolocation: what is it? J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 76: 314–317.
Normark, J. (1960). Perception of distance in animal echolocation. Nature 183: 1009–1010.
Normark, J. (1961). Perception of distance in animal echolocation. Nature 190: 363–364.
Patterson, J.H., and Green, D.M. (1970). Detection of transient signals having identical energy spectra. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 48: 894–90.
Ronken, D.A. (1970). Monaural detection of a phase difference between clicks. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 46: 1091–109.
Schroeder, M.R., and Atal, B.S. (1962). Generalized short-time spectra and autocorrelation functions. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34: 1679–168.
Small, A.M., and McClellan, M.E. (1963). Pitch associated with time delay between two pulse trains. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 35: 1246–1255.
Thurlow, W.R., and Small, A.M., Jr. (1955). Pitch perception for certain periodic auditory stimuli. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 27: 132–137.
Vel’min, V.A., and Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1975). On the analysis of pulsed sounds by dolphins. Dokl. Adak. Nauk. SSSR 225: 470–473.
Vel’min, V.A., and Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1976). The critical interval of active hearing in dolphins. Sov. Phys. Acoust. 2: 351–352.
Vel’min, V.A., and Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1977). Spatial selectivity of active hearing in a bottlenose dolphin. Proc. of the Ninth All-Union Acoust. Conf., Moscow, 5–8.
Vel’min, V.A., and Dubrovskiy, N.A. (1978). Auditory perception by bottlenosed dolphins of pulsed signals. In: Marine Mammals: Results and Methods of Study, V. Ye.
Vel’min, V.A., Titov, A.A., and Yurkevich, L.I. (1975a). Time summation of pulses in the bottlenose dolphin. In: Morskiye mlekopitayushciye. Mater. 6-go Vses. soveshch. po izuch. morsk. mlekopitayushchikh, Part 1. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, pp. 78–80.
Vel’min, V.A., Titov, A.A., and Yurkevich, L.I. (1975b). Differential intensity thresholds for short pulsed signals in bottlenose dolphins. In: Morskiye mlekopitayushciye. Mater. 6-go Vses. soveshch. po izuch. morsk. mlekopitayushchikh, Part 1. Kiev: Naukova Dumka, pp. 72–74.
Yost, W.A., and Hill, R. (1978). Strength of pitches associated with rippled noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 64: 485–492.
Yost, W.A., Hill, R., and Perez-Falcon, T. (1978). Pitch and pitch discrimination of broadband signals with ripped power spectra. J. Acoust. Soc. 63: 1166–1173.
Zanin, A.V., Zaslayskiy, G.L., and Titov, A.A. (1977). Temporal summation of pulses in the auditory system of the bottlenose dolphin. 9th All-Union Acoust. Conf., Moscow, pp. 21–23.
Zaytseva, K.A., Akopian, A.I., and Morozov, V.P. (1975). Noise resistance of the auditory analyzer in dolphins as a function of noise presentation angle. Biofizika 20: 519–522.
Zwislocki, J. (1963). Analysis of some auditory characteristics. In: Handbook of Mathematical Psychology. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Chapter 17.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Au, W.W.L. (1993). Characteristics of the Receiving System for Complex Signals. In: The Sonar of Dolphins. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4356-4_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4356-4_4
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8745-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-4356-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive