Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Androgen Receptor Distribution in the Testis

  • Chapter
Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells

Part of the book series: Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts ((SERONOSYMP))

Abstract

Germ cells contain androgen receptor (AR). Germ cells do not contain androgen receptor. These diametrically opposed views are at the center of a long-running dispute regarding the cell site of androgen action within the testis (reviewed in 1, 2). In this chapter we examine AR distribution in the rat and mouse testis using an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibody made to a 21 amino acid peptide of the amino terminus of the rat AR (3–5). Results reveal the presence of AR in testicular somatic cells, as well as in elongated spermatids.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Fritz I. Sites of action of androgens and follicle stimulating hormone on cells of the seminiferous tubule. In: Litwack G, ed. Biochemical actions of hormones. New York: Academic Press, 1978:249–81.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Sharpe R. Regulation of spermatogenesis. In: Knobil E, Neill JD, eds. The physiology of reproduction, 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1994:1363–434.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Prins GS, Birch L, Greene GL. Androgen receptor localization in different cell types of the adult rat prostate. Endocrinology 1991;129:3187–99.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Prins GS, Cooke PS, Birch L, Donjacour AA, Yalcinkaya TM, Siiteri PK, Cunha GR. Androgen receptor expression and 5a-reductase activity along the proximal-distal axis of the rat prostatic duct. Endocrinology 1992;130:3066–73.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Prins GS, Birch L. Immunocytochemical analysis of androgen receptor along the ducts of the separate rat prostate lobes after androgen withdrawal and replacement. Endocrinology 1993;132:169–78.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Oke B, Suarez-Quian CA. Localization of secretory, membrane-associated and cytoskeletal proteins in rat testis using an improved immunocytochemical protocol that employs polyester wax. Biol Reprod 1993;48:621–31.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Vornberger W, Prins G, Musto NA, Suarez-Quian CA. Androgen receptor distribution in rat testis: new implications for androgen regulation of spermatogenesis. Endocrinology 1994;134:2307–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Grove BD, Vogl AW. Sertoli cell ectoplasmic specializations: a type of actin-associated adhesion junction? J Cell Sci 1989;93:309–23.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bradford MM. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein dye binding. Anal Biochem 1976;72:248–54.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 1970;227:680–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Johnson DA, Gautsch JW, Sportsman JR, Edler JH. Improved technique utilizing nonfat dry milk for analysis of proteins and nucleic acid transferred to nitrocellulose. Gene Anal Tech 1984;1:13–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Angerer LM, Angerer RC. Localization of mRNAs by in situ hybridization. In: Setlow JK, Hollander A, eds. Genetic engineering. New York: Plenum Press, 1985:37–66.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Simental JA, Sar M, Lane MV, French FS, Wilson EM. Transcriptional activation and nuclear targeting signals of the human androgen receptor. J Biol Chem 1991;266:510–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Takeda H, Chodak G, Mutchnik S, Nakamoto T, Chang C. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptors with mono- and polyclonal antibodies to androgen receptors. J Endocrinol 1990;126:17–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Sar M, Lubahn DB, French FS, Wilson EM. Immunohistochemical localization of the androgen receptor in rat and human tissues. Endocrinology 1990; 127:3180–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Bremner WJ, Millar MR, Sharpe RM, Saunders PTK. Immunohistochemical localization of androgen receptors in the rat testis: evidence for stage-dependent expression and regulation by androgens. Endocrinology 1994;135:1227–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ruizeveld de Winter JA, Trapman J, Vermey M, Mulder E, Zegers ND, van der Kwast TH. Androgen receptor expression in human tissues: an immunohistochemical study. J Histochem Cytochem 1991;39:927–36.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Rajpert-de Meyts E, Skakkebaek NE. Immunohistochemical identification of androgen receptors in germ cell neoplasia. J Endocrinol 1992;135:R1-R4.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kimura N, Mizokami A, Oonuma T, Sasano H, Nagura H. Immunocytochemical localization of androgen receptor with polyclonal antibody in paraffin-embedded human tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 1993;41:671–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Ohno S, Jainchill J, Stenius C. The creeping vole (Microtus oregoni) as a gonosomic mosaic. I. The OY/XY constitution of the male. Cytogenetics 1963;2:232–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lyon MF, Glenister PH, Lamoreux ML. Normal spermatozoa from androgen-resistant germ cells of chimeric mice and the role of androgen in spermatogenesis. Nature 1975;258:620–2.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Braun RE, Behringer RR, Peschon JJ, Brinster RL, Palmiter RD. Genetically haploid spermatids are phenotypically diploid. Nature 1989;337:373–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Disteche C. Escape from X inactivation in human and mouse. Trends Genet 1995;11:17–22.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Shannon M, Handel MA. Expression of the Hprt gene during spermatogenesis: implications for sex-chromosome inactivation. Biol Reprod 1993;49:770–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Galena HJ, Pillai AK, Terner C. Progesterone and androgen receptors in non-flagellate germ cells of the rat testis. J Endocrinol 1974;63:223–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Sanborn BM, Elkington JSH, Steinberger A, Steinberger E. Androgen binding in the testis: in vitro production of androgen binding protein (ABP) by Sertoli cell cultures and measurement of nuclear bound androgen by a nuclear exchange assay. In: French FS, Hansson V, Ritzen EM, Nayfeh SN, eds. Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis. New York: Plenum Press 1975:293–310.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Sanborn BM, Steinberger A, Meistrich ML, Steinberger E. Androgen binding sites in testis cell fractions as measured by a nuclear exchange assay. J Steroid Biochem 1975;6:1459–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Wilson EM, Smith AA. Localization of androgen receptors in rat testis: biochemical studies. In: French FS, Hansson V, Ritzen EM, Nayfeh SN, eds. Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis. New York: Plenum Press, 1975:281–6.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Tsai Y-H, Sanborn BM, Steinberger A, Steinberger E. The interaction of testicular androgen-receptor complex with rat germ cell and Sertoli cell chromatin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977;75:366–72.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wright WW, Frankel AI. An androgen receptor in the nuclei of late spermatids in testes of male rats. Endocrinology 1980;107:314–18.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Tsai Y-H, Steinberger A. Effect of sodium molybdate on the binding of androgen-receptor complexes to germ cell and Sertoli cell chromatin. J Steroid Biochem 1982;17:131–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Frankel AI. Nuclear androgen binding sites in the male rat II. Seminiferous tubules. J Steroid Biochem 1984;20:1295–300.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Frankel AI, Chapman JC. Nuclear androgen binding sites in the male rat—III. Late spermatids and spermatozoa in the testis, with an introduction to epididymal spermatozoa. J Steroid Biochem 1984;20:1301–11.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Sar M, Stumpf WE, McLean WS, Smith AA, Hansson V, Nayfeh SN, French FS. Localization of androgen target cells in the rat testis: autoradiographic studies. In: French FS, Hansson V, Ritzen EM, Nayfeh SN, eds. Hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis. New York: Plenum Press, 1975:311–19.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Schulz R, Paris F, Lembke P, Blum V. Testosterone immunoreactivity in the seminiferous epithelium of rat testis: effect of treatment with ethane demethanesulfonate. J Histochem Cytochem 1989;37:1667–73.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Huang HFS, Li MT, Qian L, Pogach LM. The presence of mRNA of androgen receptor and androgen binding protein in germ cells. 74th Annual Meeting of Endocrine Society, June 24–27,1992, San Antonio, TX. 1992:300.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Grootegoed JA, Peters MJ, Mulder E, Rommerts FFG, van der Molen JJ. Absence of a nuclear androgen receptor in isolated cells of rat testis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1977;9:159–67

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. C. A. Suarez-Quian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. O. Oke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. W. Vornberger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. Prins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. S. Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. N. A. Musto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA

    Claude Desjardins Ph.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1996 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Suarez-Quian, C.A., Oke, B.O., Vornberger, W., Prins, G., Xiao, S., Musto, N.A. (1996). Androgen Receptor Distribution in the Testis. In: Desjardins, C. (eds) Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells. Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2374-0_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2374-0_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-7519-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-2374-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation