Abstract
The principal sponsors of biomedical research in the United States of America are as follows: (1) the federal government, (2) state and local governments, (3) private not-for-profit entities including foundations, and (4) industry.
Research funding increased from $75.5 billion in 2003 to $101.1 billion in 2007; however, adjusted for inflation, it was only $90.2 billion. Similarly, adjusted for inflation, funding from 2003 to 2007 increased at a compound annual growth rate of only 3.4 % in comparison to an annual growth rate of 7.8 % from 1997 to 2003. Interestingly, in 2007, industry (58 %) was the largest funder, followed by the federal government (33 %). More recently, for fiscal year 2013, the National Institute of Health has requested $ 30.860 billion for biomedical research, which is essentially unchanged from the enacted 2012 budget at $30.623 billion. In 2011, there was an 18 % success rate for funding of R01 grants, which is in stark contrast with rates of 22 % in 2010, 25–32 % in 1993–2003, and 45–58 % in 1962–1966. The decrease in funding is considered to be due to a number of factors. Importantly, there has been an increase in the number of applications and an increase in current commitments to previously funded research projects as evidenced by the fact that 75 % of the $15.8 billion that the NIH spent on extramural grants went to existing projects in 2010. This dismal situation for NIH funding contrasts strikingly with all the new emerging avenues for research that are available now due to rapid advances in proteomics, genetic sequencing, stem cells, and other technological advances. It has become evident that there is no net increase in sponsorship for biomedical research and resources have not increased in comparison to the number of investigators applying for these grants. Thus, in today’s economic climate it is vital to not only have a scientifically sound project but also one that is economically viable. Having a realistic and thorough approach in formulating the budget is therefore paramount.
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Omer, S., Cornwell, L.D., Bakaeen, F.G. (2014). The Budget. In: Pawlik, T., Sosa, J. (eds) Success in Academic Surgery: Clinical Trials. Success in Academic Surgery. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4679-7_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4679-7_7
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