Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings pp 65–92Cite as

Critical Characterization and Modeling of Pulse-Like Near-Field Strong Ground Motion

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Reliability Engineering ((RELIABILITY))

Abstract

Pulse-like (also known as resonant, cycloidal pulses, or impulse-like) ground motion has been observed in near-field (also near-fault or near-source) records with directivity focusing or fling effects. This class of ground motion is significantly influenced by the rupture mechanism, substantially different from ordinary ground motion records, and can be characterized by the following features [1–8, among others]: (1) long period and large amplitudes, (2) high peak ground velocity (PGV)/peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground displacement (PGD)/PGA ratios, (3) unusual response spectra shapes, and (4) concentration of energy in one or very few pulses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Anderson J, Bertero V (1987) Uncertainties in establishing design earthquakes. J Struct Eng 113(8):1709–1724

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bray JD, Rodriguez-Marek A (2004) Characterization of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 24:815–828

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Hall JH, Heaton TH, Halling MW, Wald DJ (1995) Near-source ground motion and its effect on flexible buildings. Earthquake Spectra 11:569–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Heaton TH, Hall JH, Wald DJ, Halling MW (1995) Response of high-rise and base-isolated buildings in a hypothetical MW 7·0 blind thrust earthquake. Science 267:206–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Housner GW, Hudson DE (1958) The Port Hueneme earthquake of March 18, 1957. Bull Seismol Soc Am 48(2):163–168

    Google Scholar 

  6. Housner GW, Trifunac MD (1967) Analysis of accelerograms-Parkfield earthquake. Bull Seismol Soc Am 57(6):1193–1220

    Google Scholar 

  7. Makris N (1997) Rigidity-plasticity-viscosity: Can electrorheological dampers protect base-isolated structures from near-source ground motions? Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 26:571–591

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhang J, Makris N (2001) Rocking of free-standing blocks under cycloidal pulses. J Eng Mech 127(5):473–483

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hough SE, Bilham RG (2006) After the earthquakes: elastic rebound on an urban planet. Oxford University Press, NY

    Google Scholar 

  10. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (2005) http://peer.berkeley.edu

  11. Arias A (1970) A measure of earthquake intensity: seismic design of nuclear power plants. MIT press, Cambridge, pp 438–468

    Google Scholar 

  12. Trifunac MD, Brady AG (1975) A study on the duration of strong earthquake ground motion. Bull Seismol Soc Am 65(3):581–626

    Google Scholar 

  13. Vanmarcke EH (1972) Properties of spectral moments with applications to random processes. J Eng Mech 42:215–220

    Google Scholar 

  14. Vanmarcke EH (1976) Structural response to earthquakes. In: Lomnitz C, Rosenbluth E (eds) Seismic risk and engineering decisions. Elsevier, NY

    Google Scholar 

  15. Housner GW (1970) Strong ground motion. In: Wiegel RL (ed) Earthquake engineering. Prentice Hall, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  16. Housner GW, Jennings PC (1977) The capacity of extreme earthquake motions to damage structures. In: Hall WJ (ed) Structural and geotechnical mechanics: A volume honoring N. M. Newmark. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliff, NJ, pp 102–116

    Google Scholar 

  17. Takewaki I (2004) Bound of earthquake input energy. J Struct Eng 130:1289–1297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Takewaki I (2006) Probabilistic critical excitation method for earthquake energy input rate. J Eng Mech 132(9):990–1000

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  19. Yamamoto K, Fujita K, Takewaki I (2011) Instantaneous earthquake input energy and sensitivity in base-isolated building. J Struct Des Tall Spec Buildings 20(6):631–648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Abbas AM (2006) Critical seismic load inputs for simple inelastic structures. J Sound Vib 296:949–967

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Akiyama H (1985) Earthquake-resistant limit-state design for buildings. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo

    Google Scholar 

  22. Chai YH, Fajfar P (2000) A procedure for estimating input energy spectra for seismic design. J Earthquake Eng 4(4):39–561

    Google Scholar 

  23. Moustafa A (2009) Critical earthquake load inputs for multi-degree-of-freedom inelastic structures. J Sound Vib 325(3):532–544

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Uang C-M, Bertero VV (1990) Evaluation of seismic energy in structures. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 19:77–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Zahrah TF, Hall WJ (1984) Earthquake energy absorption in sdof structures. J Struct Eng 110:1757–1772

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Cosenza C, Manfredi G, Ramasco R (1993) The use of damage functionals in earthquake engineering: a comparison between different methods. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 22:855–868

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Ghobara A, Abou-Elfath H, Biddah A (1999) Response-based damage assessment of structures. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 28:79–104

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Powell GH, Allahabadi R (1988) Seismic damage predictions by deterministic methods: concepts and procedures. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 16:719–734

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Park YJ, Ang AH-S, Wen YK (1985) Seismic damage analysis of reinforced concrete buildings. J Struct Eng 111(4):740–757

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Abbas AM, Manohar CS (2002) Investigations into critical earthquake excitations within deterministic and probabilistic frameworks. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 31:813–832

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Abbas AM, Manohar CS (2007) Reliability-based vector nonstationary random critical earthquake excitations for parametrically excited systems. Struct Saf 29:32–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Takewaki I (2002) Seismic critical excitation method for robust design: a review. J Struct Eng 128:665–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Takewaki I (2007) Critical excitation methods in earthquake engineering. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  34. He WL, Agrawal AK (2008) Analytical model of ground motion pulses for the design and assessment of seismic protective systems. J Struct Eng 134(7):1177–1188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Tan P, Agrawal AK, Pan Y (2005) Near-field effects on seismically excited highway bridge equipped with nonlinear viscous dampers. Bridge Struct 1(3):307–318

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Moustafa A (2010) Discussion of analytical model of ground motion pulses for the design and assessment of seismic protective systems. J Struct Eng 136(2):229–230

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. Shinozuka M (1970) Maximum structural response to seismic excitations. J Eng Mech 96:729–738

    Google Scholar 

  38. Takewaki I (2001) Probabilistic critical excitation for MDOF elastic-plastic structures on compliant ground. Earthquake Eng Struct Dynam 30:1345–1360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Trifunac MD (2005) Power design method. In: Proceedings of earthquake engineering in the 21st century to mark 40th anniversary of IZIIS-Skopje, key note lecture, 28 Aug–1 Sept 2005, Skopje and Ohrid, Macedonia

    Google Scholar 

  40. Trifunac MD (2008) Energy of strong motion at earthquake source. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 28:1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Arora JS (2004) Introduction to optimum design. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  42. Caleman T, Branch MA, Grace A (1999) Optimization toolbox for the use with Matlab, user’s guide. The Math Works Inc., USA

    Google Scholar 

  43. Moustafa A, Takewaki I (2010) Deterministic and probabilistic representation of near-field pulse-like ground motion. Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 30(5):412–422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Fujita K, Moustafa A, Takewaki I (2010) Optimal placement of viscoelastic dampers and supporting members under variable critical excitations. Earthquakes Struct 1(1):43–67

    Google Scholar 

  45. Takewaki I (2009) Building control with passive dampers: optimal performance-based design for earthquakes. Wiley, Singapore

    Book  Google Scholar 

  46. Moustafa A, Takewaki I (2010) Critical characterization and modeling of pulse-like near-fault strong ground motion. Struct Eng Mech 34(6):755–778

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku-Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8540, Japan

    Izuru Takewaki & Kohei Fujita

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt

    Abbas Moustafa

Authors
  1. Izuru Takewaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Abbas Moustafa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kohei Fujita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Takewaki, I., Moustafa, A., Fujita, K. (2013). Critical Characterization and Modeling of Pulse-Like Near-Field Strong Ground Motion. In: Improving the Earthquake Resilience of Buildings. Springer Series in Reliability Engineering. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4144-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4144-0_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-4143-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-4144-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation