Abstract
During highly dynamic and ballistic loading processes, large inelastic deformation associated with high strain rates leads, for a broad class of heterogeneous materials, to degradation and failure by localized damage and fracture. However, as soon as material failure dominates a deformation process, the material increasingly displays strain softening and the finite element predictions of ballistic response are considerably affected by the mesh size. This gives rise to non-physical description of the ballistic behavior and mesh-dependent ballistic limit velocities that may mislead the design of ballistic-resistant materials. This study is concerned with the development and numerical implementation of a novel coupled thermo-hypoelasto-viscoplastic and thermoviscodamage constitutive model within the laws of thermodynamics in which an intrinsic material length scale parameter is incorporated through the nonlocal gradient-dependent damage approach. It is shown through simulating plugging failure in ballistic penetration of high-strength steel targets by blunt projectiles that the length scale parameter plays the role of a localization limiter allowing one to obtain meaningful values for the ballistic limit velocity independent of the finite element mesh density. Therefore, the proposed nonlocal damage model leads to an improvement in the modeling and numerical simulation of high velocity impact related problems.
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References
Abu Al-Rub, R.K., Voyiadjis, G.Z. “A Finite Strain Plastic-Damage Model for High Velocity Impacts using Combined Viscosity and Gradient Localization Limiters,: Part I-Theoretical Formulation,” International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 15(4), 293–334, 2006.
Voyiadjis, G.Z., Abu Al-Rub, R.K. “A Finite Strain Plastic-Damage Model for High Velocity Impacts using Combined Viscosity and Gradient Localization Limiters, Part II: Numerical Aspects and Simulations,” International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 15(4), 335–373, 2006.
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Abu Al-Rub, R.K., Kim, S.-M. “Predicting Mesh-Independent Ballistic Limits for Heterogeneous Targets by a Nonlocal Damage Computational Framework,” Composites: Part B, 40(6), 495–510, 2009.
Abu Al-Rub, R.K. and Voyiadjis, G.Z. “Analytical and Experimental Determination of the Material Intrinsic Length Scale of Strain Gradient Plasticity Theory from Micro- and Nano-Indentation Experiments,” International Journal of Plasticity, 20(6), 1139–1182, 2004.
Abu Al-Rub, R.K., and Voyiadjis, G.Z. “Determination of the Material Intrinsic Length Scale of Gradient Plasticity Theory,” International Journal of Multiscale Computational Engineering, 2, 377–400, 2004.
Voyiadjis, G.Z., Abu Al-Rub, R.K. “Gradient Plasticity Theory with a Variable Length Scale Parameter,” International Journal of Solids and Structures, 42, 3998–4029, 2005.
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Al-Rub, R.K.A., Palazotto, A.N. (2011). Nonlocal Microdamage Constitutive Model for High Energy Impacts. In: Proulx, T. (eds) Time Dependent Constitutive Behavior and Fracture/Failure Processes, Volume 3. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9794-4_11
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9794-4_11
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