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Motor System I: Movement & Motor Pathways

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Abstract

In studying the motor system, we will consider reflex activity, central generators of patterns of movement, voluntary movement and learned movements. We will also consider two inter-related aspects: posture and movement. Under posture we will be studying static or tonic reactions. In the following discussion, we will examine motor function at the level of the spinal cord, the brain stem and cerebral cortex. It is important to realize that motor functions are represented at successively higher physiological and anatomical levels of the neural axis. As we go higher in the neural axis, we are utilizing and modifying mechanisms that have been integrated at a lower level of the neural axis, a concept first expressed in the modern era by Jackson. Thus pattern generators/centers make use of the motor mechanisms involved in reflexes without the necessity of afferent input. In turn voluntary and learned movements incorporate or impose a higher level of a more complex cortical control of these reflex and central pattern mechanisms.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anatomy and Cellular Biology Fulbright Scholar, Tufts University Health Sciences School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stanley Jacobson PhD (Professor)

  2. Neurology, University of Massachusetts School of Medicine, Worcester, MA, USA

    Elliott M. Marcus MD (Professor)

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  1. Stanley Jacobson PhD
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  2. Elliott M. Marcus MD
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Jacobson, S., Marcus, E.M. (2011). Motor System I: Movement & Motor Pathways. In: Neuroanatomy for the Neuroscientist. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9653-4_11

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