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New Agents for the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia pp 221–271Cite as

Monoclonal Antibodies in Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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Abstract

Development of monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) for treatment of haematological malignancies is a rapidly growing field. Whereas unconjugated humanized antibodies are well tolerated and may be easily combined with chemotherapy, immunoconjugates delivering toxic compounds right into the target cells exhibit more severe side effects. Highly and selectively expressed antigens are ideal targets for antibody treatment and suitable for broad development in phase I/II and III trials in paediatric ALL. Those antigens stably expressed at the cell surface (CD19, CD52) are suitable for unconjugated antibodies exploiting the antibody-dependent cellular (ADCC) and the complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), or for bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies (BiTEs). Rapidly internalizing antigens (CD22, CD5 and CD7) are suitable targets for immunoconjugates directly delivering toxic agents into the target cell upon specific binding. For a variety of antigens expressed in subgroups of ALL clones only (CD20, CD33, CD2, CD3 and CD4), effective compounds are available that may be used in individual patients with refractory disease. MoAbs exhibit a completely different mechanism of anti-leukemic action compared to conventional chemotherapy and certainly will change substantially the design of treatment strategies for childhood ALL in future.

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  1. Pädiatrische Onkologie/Hämatologie, Charité, OHC, Augustenburger Platz 13353, Berlin, Germany

    Arend von Stackelberg

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  1. Christie Hospital, Dept. Paediatric & Adolescent Oncology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom

    Vaskar Saha

  2. , School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom

    Pamela Kearns

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von Stackelberg, A. (2011). Monoclonal Antibodies in Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. In: Saha, V., Kearns, P. (eds) New Agents for the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8459-3_12

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