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Targeted Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment

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Principles of Anticancer Drug Development

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

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Abstract

Historically, chemotherapy used for the treatment of malignancy was restricted to cytotoxic agents. Perturbation of DNA synthesis and the events regulating cell division are the primary targets of traditional cytotoxic drugs, as outlined in a previous chapter. Unfortunately, the events regulating cell division are not specific to cancer cells; therefore, these medications result in broad range of toxic side effects due to damage of normal cells. The narrow therapeutic window of traditional cytotoxic drugs is quite troublesome, given that palliation is the primary goal of oncology therapy. Recently, oncology therapy has migrated to the use of small molecules targeting intracellular events specific to tumor cells. The era of “targeted therapy” was heralded by the approval of the antibodies Rituximab and Trastuzumab for the treatment of relapsed or refractory low-grade follicular B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Her2/Neu-positive metastatic breast cancer, respectively [1, 2]. The use of small molecule inhibitors of intracellular pathways as a therapeutic principle was validated by the efficacy of imatinib mesylate for the treatment of bcr/abl-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) [3, 4].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Hidalgo

  2. Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal (CIOCC), Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Hidalgo

  3. Gastrointestinal Clinical Research Unit, Centro Integral Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), C/ Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Manuel Hidalgo

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  1. Colin D. Weekes
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  1. Dept. Biostatistics, Bioinformatics &, Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina, Jonathan Lucas St. 86, Charleston, 29466, South Carolina, USA

    Elizabeth Garrett-Mayer

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Weekes, C.D., Hidalgo, M. (2011). Targeted Therapeutics in Cancer Treatment. In: Garrett-Mayer, E. (eds) Principles of Anticancer Drug Development. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7358-0_15

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