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Neuropsychological Problems in Neuro-oncology

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Handbook of Medical Neuropsychology

Abstract

Neuropsychological studies in the field of oncology are related to neuro-oncology: (1) brain tumors – which arise from neurons and other brain tissues, cranial nerves, leptomeninges, neuroendocrine glands, skull, and blood vessels and (2) treatment effects. The neurocognitive effects of brain tumors themselves are variable and require close examination of the cognitive underpinnings of composite test scores. Other cases present fascinating modular deficits when tumors occur in eloquent brain loci. After providing basic biomedical background on tumors in children and adults, the questions of tumor site and metastatic spread as well as treatment effects on brain and cognitive and emotional function will be examined in this chapter. Information will also be presented on the techniques for diagnosing and treating tumors and on issues to be considered in doing research in neuro-oncology. Finally, this chapter will discuss how disorders and syndromes that result from brain tumors and their treatments differ from more classical or traditionally understood forms of the disorders.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The grading system used in the 2007 classification uses the numbers following the tumor group to indicate whether they are malignant (3), borderline or uncertain (1), or benign (0).

  2. 2.

    Cerebellar mutism is an acquired complete loss of speech, transient in nature, most often following surgical resection of cerebellar or intrinsic posterior fossa tumors or following stroke or trauma. It is an element of the posterior fossa syndrome, but can occur alone. Resolution of the mutism typically occurs within days, but has been reported to take up to 4 months, and is followed by dysarthria that improves over time and more subtle present linguistic disorders [79–83].

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Acknowledgments

The research from the neuropsychological laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia was funded by Dr. Carol Armstrong’s grant from the National Cancer Institute, #RO1 CA 65438.

Many thanks to Mark Goodman for his invaluable editing of the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oncology/Neuro-Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3535 Market Street, 19104, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Carol L. Armstrong

  2. Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Cynthia J. Schmus & Jean B. Belasco

  3. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Jean B. Belasco

Authors
  1. Carol L. Armstrong
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  2. Cynthia J. Schmus
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  3. Jean B. Belasco
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Carol L. Armstrong .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Market Street 3535, Philadelphia, 19104, USA

    Carol L. Armstrong

  2. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, 15213, USA

    Lisa Morrow

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© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Armstrong, C.L., Schmus, C.J., Belasco, J.B. (2010). Neuropsychological Problems in Neuro-oncology. In: Armstrong, C., Morrow, L. (eds) Handbook of Medical Neuropsychology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1364-7_3

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