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Neurobehavioral Toxicology of Substances of Abuse

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Addiction Medicine

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Abstract

Drug addiction is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by the progression of acute drug use into patterns of chronic drug abuse associated with craving and seeking behavior as well as increasing risk for relapse in drug use during attempts at withdrawal. Drugs of abuse include a wide variety of substances diverse in structure, pharmacology, toxicology, and long-term clinical sequelae but with the common target of brain reward centers. The authors discuss drugs within each of the major classes of abused substances from the perspectives of the history of each drug’s use as well as chemical properties, mechanisms of action including selective receptor interactions, pharmacokinetics of distribution-metabolism-elimination, and the toxicology of these drugs. The major classes of drug reviewed include the two most commonly used substances, ethanol and tobacco, as well as stimulants, opiates, cannabinoids, hallucinogens, barbiturates, and benzodiazepines.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Martin A. Javors & Brett C. Ginsburg

  2. Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Thomas S. King

  3. Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Lisa R. Gerak

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    Bankole A. Johnson

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Javors, M.A., King, T.S., Ginsburg, B.C., Gerak, L.R. (2010). Neurobehavioral Toxicology of Substances of Abuse. In: Johnson, B. (eds) Addiction Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0338-9_14

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