Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Resilience in Aging pp 245–259Cite as

Building Resilience in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Dementia: Innovative Approaches to Intervention and Outcome Evaluation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

The onset of dementia presents many challenges, but people with dementia (PWD) and their family members bring an array of coping resources to bear on their situations. We now understand that dementia reflects an interplay between biology, individual psychology and social context (Kitwood). Personal psychology, supportive relationships, and contexts can play a crucial role in helping individuals and families manage the impact of dementia-related changes on everyday life, confirming the value of promoting well-being and quality of life for people with dementia and their family members or care partners. This also holds true for people who develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which in many cases will progress to dementia.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Baltes, P.B. (1987) Theoretical propositions of life-span developmental psychology: On the dynamics between growth and decline. Developmental Psychology, 23, 611–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baltes, P.B. (1997) On the incomplete architecture of human ontogeny: Selection, optimization, and compensation as foundation of developmental theory. American Psychologist, 52, 366–380.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Belleville, S. (2008) Cognitive training for persons with MCI. International Psychogeriatrics, 20, 57–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blazer, D.G. (2002) Self-efficacy and depression in late life: A primary prevention proposal. Aging and Mental Health, 6, 315–324.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carstensen, L.L., Fung, H.H., & Charles, S.T. (2003) Socioemotional selectivity theory and the regulation of emotion in the second half of life. Motivation and Emotion, 27, 103–123.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clare, L. (2003) Managing threats to self: awareness in early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Social Science and Medicine, 57, 1017–1029.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clare, L. (2008) Neuropsychological Rehabilitation and People with Dementia. Hove: Psychology Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clare, L., Linden, D.E.J., Woods, R.T., Whitaker, R., Evans, S.J., Parkinson, C.H., van Paasschen, J., Nelis, S.M., Hoare, Z., Yuen, K.S.L. & Rugg, M.D. (submitted for publication) Goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for people with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease: a single-blind randomized controlled trial of clinical efficacy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clare, L., van Paasschen, J., Evans, S.J., Parkinson, C., Woods, R.T., & Linden, D.E.J. (2009) Goal-oriented cognitive rehabilitation for an individual with Mild Cognitive Impairment: behavioural and neuroimaging outcomes. Neurocase , 15, 318–331.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clare, L., Wilson, B.A., Carter, G., Gosses, A., Breen, K., & Hodges, J.R. (2000) Intervening with everyday memory problems in early Alzheimer’s disease: an errorless learning approach. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 22, 132–146.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, P.A., Whitlatch, C.J., & Tucke, S.S. (2008) Consistency of information from persons with dementia: An analysis of differences by question type. Dementia: The International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 7, 341–358.

    Google Scholar 

  • Downs, M. (1997) Progress report: The emergence of the person in dementia research. Aging and Society , 17, 597–604.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dresser, R., & Whitehouse, P.J. (1994) The incompetent patient on the slippery slope. Hastings Center Report, 24 (4), 6–12.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Einstein, G.O., & McDaniel, M.A. (2005) Memory fitness. A guide for successful aging. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Einstein, G.O., Mc Daniel, M.A., Thoman, R., Mayfield, S., Shank, H., Morrisette, N., & Breneiser. J. (2005) Multiple processes in prospective memory retrieval: Factors determining monitoring versus spontaneous retrieval. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General ,134, 327–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fauth, E. B., Zarit, S. H., Malmberg, B., & Johansson, B. (2007) Physical, cognitive, and psychosocial variables from the disablement process model predict patterns of independence and the transition into disability for the oldest old. The Gerontologist, 47, 613–624.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg, L.F. & Whitlatch, C.J. (2001) Are persons with cognitive impairment able to state consistent choices?The Gerontologist, 41, 374–382.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Femia, E.E., Zarit, S.H., & Johansson, B. (1997) Predicting change in activities of daily living: A longitudinal study of the oldest old. Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 52, P292–P304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández-Ballesteros, R., Zamarrón, M.D., Tàrraga, L., Moya, R., & Iniguez, J. (2003) Cognitive plasticity in healthy, MCI (MCI) subjects and Alzheimer’s disease patients: A research project in Spain. European Psychologist , 8, 148–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fratiglioni, L., Paillard-Borg, S., & Winblad, B. (2004) An active and socially integrated lifestyle in late life might protect against dementia. Lancet Neurology, 3, 343–353.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gauthier, S. (2002) Advances in the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer’s disease. Canadian Medical Association Journal , 166, 616–623.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, B., Allen-Burge, R., & Zarit, S.H. (1997) Self reports on memory functioning in a longitudinal study of the oldest old: Relation to current, prospective, and retrospective performance. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 52B, P139-P146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Katzman, R., Terry, R., DeTeresa, R., Brown, T., Davies, P., Fuld, P., Renbing, X., & Peck, A. (1988) Clinical, pathological, and neurochemical changes in dementia: A subgroup with preserved mental status and numerous neocortical plaques. Annals of Neurology, 23(2), 138–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinsella, G.J., Mullaly, E., Rand, E., Ong, B., Burton, C., Price, S., Phillips, M., & Storey, E. (2009) Early cognitive intervention for MCI: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry , 80, 730–736.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kitwood, T. (1997) Dementia Reconsidered: the Person Comes First. Buckingham: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Law, M., Baptiste, S., Carswell, A., McColl, M.A., Polatajko, H., & Pollock, N. (2005) Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (4th ed.). Ottawa, ON: CAOT Publications ACE.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lingler, J.H., Nightingale, M.C., Erlen, J.A., Kane, A.L., Reynolds III, C.F., Schulz, R., & DeKosky, S.T. (2006) Making sense of MCI: A qualitative exploration of the patient’s experience. The Gerontologist , 46, 791–800.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Logsdon R.G., Gibbons, L.E., McCurry, S.M., & Teri, L. (1999) Quality of life in Alzheimer’s disease: Patient and caregiver reports. Journal of Mental Health and Aging, 5(1), 21–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Logsdon, R.G., McCurry, S.M., & Teri, L. (2006) Time-limited support groups for individuals with early stage dementia and their care partners: Preliminary outcomes from a controlled clinical trial. Clinical Gerontologist, 30, 5–19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Persson, T., & Wästerfors, D. (2009) Such trivial matters: How staff account for restrictions of residents’ influence in nursing homes. Journal of Aging Studies , 23, 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, R.C. (2004) MCI as a diagnostic entity. Journal of Internal Medicine , 256, 183–194.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, A. (2002) Living with the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. In P. B. Harris (Ed.), The Person with Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathways to Understanding the Experience (pp. 49–74). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riediger, M., Li, S.-C., & Lindenberger, U. (2006) Selection, optimization, and compensation as developmental mechanisms of adaptive resource allocation: Review and preview. In J.E. Birren & K.W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (6th ed., pp. 289–313). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, L., Clare, L., & Evans, K. (2005) Making sense of dementia and adjusting to loss: Psychological reactions to a diagnosis of dementia in couples. Aging and Mental Health , 9, 337–347.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, L., Bower, D., Arneson, S., Sheperd, S., & Quayhagen, M. (1994) Coping with Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders: An educational support group for early stage individuals and their families. San Diego: UCSD Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stern, Y., Zarahn, E., Hilton, H.J., Flynn, J., De La Paz, R., & Rakitin, B. (2003) Exploring the neural basis of cognitive reserve. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 691–701.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teri, L., Gibbons, L.E., McCurry, S.M., Logsdon, R.G., Buchner, D.M., Barlow, W.E., Kukull, W.A., LaCroix, A.Z., McCormick, W. & Larson E.B. (2003) Exercise plus behavioral management in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 290(15), 2015–2022.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Troyer, A.K., Murphy, K.J., Anderson, N.D., Moscovitch, M., & Craik, F.I.M. (2008) Changing everyday memory behaviour in amnestic MCI: A randomised controlled trial. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation , 18, 65–88.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Troyer, A.K. & Rich, J.B. (2002) Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults. Journal of Gerontology , 57B, 19–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitlatch, C.J., & Feinberg, L.F. (2003) Planning for the future together in culturally diverse families: Making everyday care decisions. Alzheimer’s Care Quarterly, 4, 50–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitlatch, C.J., Feinberg, L.F., Tucke, S.T. (2005) Measuring the values and preferences for everyday care of persons with cognitive impairment and their family caregivers. The Gerontologist, 45, 370–380.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Whitlatch, C.J., Judge, K., Zarit, S.H., & Femia, E. (2006) Dyadic intervention for family caregivers and care receivers in early-stage dementia. The Gerontologist, 46, 688–694.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Willis, S.L., Tennstedt, S.L., Marsiske, M., Ball, K., Elias, J., Koepke, K.M., Morris, J.N., Rebok, G.W., Unverzagt, F.W., Stoddard, A.M. & Wright, E. for the ACTIVE Study Group. (2006) Long-term effects of cognitive training on everyday functional outcomes in older adults. Journal of the Medical Association of America , 296, 2805–2814.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, B.A. (1997) Cognitive rehabilitation: How it is and how it might be. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 3, 487–496.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R.S., Bennett, D.A., Bienias, J.L., Aggarwal, N.T., de Leon, C.F.M., Morris, M.C., Schneider, J.A., & Evans, D.A. (2002) Cognitive activity and incident AD in a population-based sample of older persons. Neurology, 59, 1910–1914.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization. (1998) International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps. 2nd Edition. www.who.int/msa/mnh/ems/icidh/introduction.htm

  • Yale, R. (1995) Developing support groups for individuals with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Baltimore: Health Professions Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zarit, S.H., Femia, E.E., Watson, J., Rice-Oeschger, L., & Kakos, B. (2004) Memory Club: A group intervention for people with early-stage dementia and their care partners. The Gerontologist , 44, 262–269.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Rebecca Logsdon’s work is supported by grants from the National Alzheimer’s Association (IIRG # 0306319) and the National Institute on Aging (R01AG23091–2). She would like to thank the Alzheimer’s Association Western and Central Washington State Chapter, the Northwest Research Group on Aging staff, and the research study volunteers who made this investigation possible.

Linda Clare acknowledges support from the UK Alzheimer’s Society. The trial described in this chapter was funded by the Alzheimer’s Society through a grant to L. Clare (PI), D.E.J. Linden, R.T. Woods, and M.D. Rugg. She would like to thank the research participants and staff who contributed to the study, with particular thanks to Sue Evans and Caroline Parkinson.

Carol Whitlatch acknowledges the support of the Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Aging grant number 90CG2566 (Zarit, PI) for her work on the Early Diagnosis Dyadic Intervention project.

Glynda Kinsella’s research is supported by NHMRC, Australia through a grant to G. Kinsella (PI), D. Ames, E. Storey, B. Ong., M. Saling., E. Mullaly, E. Rand, and L. Clare. The study reported in this chapter was supported by Alzheimer’s Australia Research, La Trobe University & Caulfield General Medical Centre. She would like to acknowledge her research collaborators and the support of the clinical staff in the memory clinics at Bundoora Extended Care Centre and Caulfield General Medical Centre, especially Margaret Winbolt and Luwene Heeney, and also thank the participants in the study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bangor University, Bangor, UK

    Linda Clare

Authors
  1. Linda Clare
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Glynda J. Kinsella
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rebecca Logsdon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Carol Whitlatch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Steven H. Zarit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Linda Clare .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, 21201, Maryland, USA

    Barbara Resnick

  2. Center for the Study of Aging and Human, Duke University, Durham, 27710, North Carolina, USA

    Lisa P. Gwyther

  3. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State, Center for Gerontology, Blacksburg, 24061, Virginia, USA

    Karen A. Roberto

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Clare, L., Kinsella, G.J., Logsdon, R., Whitlatch, C., Zarit, S.H. (2011). Building Resilience in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Dementia: Innovative Approaches to Intervention and Outcome Evaluation. In: Resnick, B., Gwyther, L., Roberto, K. (eds) Resilience in Aging. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0232-0_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0232-0_16

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-0231-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-0232-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation