Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Imaging in CNS Drug Discovery and Development pp 3–9Cite as

The Challenges and Opportunities

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

  • 644 Accesses

Abstract

CNS Drug Development is difficult and costly because so many candidates fail in drug development. This chapter addresses the issue and asks whether functional imaging can provide new avenues to evaluating an objective index for drug effects and disease state. We provide an overview of specific domains in which functional imaging may be useful, including (1) dosing, (2) improved efficacy, (3) better animal–human translation (4) evaluation of direct effects of drugs on CNS, (5) pharmaco-phenotype (6) clinical phenotype (7) surrogate models and (8) potential for suggesting or defining new indications based on brain system effects. While the potential seems enormous, the adoption of new imaging technologies in drug development requires evidence-based data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Beckmann N, Mueggler T, Allegrini PR, Laurent D, Rudin M (2001) From anatomy to the target: contributions of magnetic resonance imaging to preclinical pharmaceutical research. Anat Rec 265:85–100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beckmann N, Kneuer R, Gremlich HU, Karmouty-Quintana H, Ble FX, Muller M (2007) In vivo mouse imaging and spectroscopy in drug discovery. NMR Biomed 20:154–185

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borsook D, Ploghaus A, Becerra L (2002) Utilizing brain imaging for analgesic drug development. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 3:1342–1347

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borsook D, Becerra L, Hargreaves R (2006) A role for fMRI in optimizing CNS drug development. Nat Rev Drug Discov 5:411–424

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CNS Market Trends, 2007 to 2010 : Key Market Forecasts and Growth Opportunities. 2007 Urch Publishing:

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins SD (2007) Discontinued drugs in 2006: central and peripheral nervous system drugs. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 16:1743–1751

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elmquist JK, Flier JS (2004) Neuroscience. The fat-brain axis enters a new dimension. Science 304:63–64

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez-Mancilla B, Marrer E, Kehren J, Kinnunen A, Imbert G, Hillebrand R, Bergstrom M, Schmidt ME (2005) Central nervous system drug development: an integrative biomarker approach toward individualized medicine. NeuroRx 2:683–695

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hurko O, Ryan Jl (2005) Translational research in central nervous system drug discovery. NeuroRx 2:671–682

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Macdonald BK, Cockerell OC, Sander JW, Shorvon SD (2000) The incidence and lifetime prevalence of neurological disorders in a prospective community-based study in the UK. Brain 123(4):665–676

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matthews PM, Honey GD Bullmore ET (2006) Applications of fMRI in translational medicine and clinical practice. Nat Rev Neurosci 7:732–744

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Obici S, Zhang BB, Karkanias G, Rossetti L (2002) Hypothalamic insulin signaling is required for inhibition of glucose production. Nat Med 8:1376–1382

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer AM, Stephenson FA (2005) CNS drug discovery: challenges and solutions. Drug News Perspect 18:51–57

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rudin M, Allegrini MT, PR BD, Rausch M (2003) Characterization of CNS disorders and evaluation of therapy using structural and functional MRI. Anal Bioanal Chem 377:973–981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silva MD, Chandra S (2006) MRI in preclinical drug development. Methods Mol Med 124:299–322

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Theander-Carrillo C, Wiedmer P, Cettour-Rose P, Nogueiras R, Perez-Tilve D, Pfluger P, Castaneda TR, Muzzin PSchurmann A, Szanto I, Tschop MH, Rohner-Jeanrenaud F (2006) Ghrelin action in the brain controls adipocyte metabolism. J Clin Invest 116:1983–1993

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wise RG, Tracey I (2006) The role of fMRI in drug discovery. J Magn Reson Imaging 23:862–876

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Brain Imaging Center, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA

    David Borsook

Authors
  1. David Borsook
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Edward Bullmore
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lino Becerra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Richard Hargreaves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to David Borsook .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Mill Street 115, Belmont, 02478, U.S.A.

    David Borsook

  2. Mill Street 115, Belmont, 02478, U.S.A.

    Lino R. Beccera

  3. Dept. Psychiatry, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom

    Edward Bullmore

  4. Sumneytown Pike , West Point, 19486, U.S.A.

    Richard J. Hargreaves

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Borsook, D., Bullmore, E., Becerra, L., Hargreaves, R. (2010). The Challenges and Opportunities. In: Borsook, D., Beccera, L., Bullmore, E., Hargreaves, R. (eds) Imaging in CNS Drug Discovery and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0134-7_1

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation