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Molecular Biology of the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

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Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a member of the family Bunyaviridae. This family comprises more than 300 virus species grouped into five distinct genera: Orthobunyavirus, Hantavirus, Phlebovirus, Nairovirus, and Tospovirus [15]. The genus Nairovirus consists of seven different serogroups, but only two of them are human pathogens [9]. The CCHF group contains CCHFV and the nonhuman pathogenic Hazara virus; the Nairobi sheep disease group includes the pathogenic Nairobi sheep disease and Dugbe viruses [54, 57]. All members of the genus Nairovirus are transmitted by ticks (argasids and ixodids); CCHFV most efficiently by members of the genus Hyalomma, followed by Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor [29, 35]. The natural cycle of CCHFV includes transovarial and transstadial transmission among ticks and a tick–vertebrate host cycle involving wild (e.g. hares, hedgehogs) and domestic animals (e.g. ostriches, cattle) [29, 53, 58].

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  1. BioProtection Systems Corporation, 2901 South Loop Drive, Bldg. 3, Suite 3360, 50010-8646, Ames, IA, USA

    Ramon Flick Ph.D

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  1. Marmara University, School of Medicine, Altunizade, Istanbul, Turkey

    Onder Ergonul M.D., M.P.H

  2. Usamriid, Fort Detrick, 21702-5011, Frederick, MD, USA

    Chris A. Whitehouse Ph.D

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Flick, R. (2007). Molecular Biology of the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus. In: Ergonul, O., Whitehouse, C.A. (eds) Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6106-6_4

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