Abstract
Indigenous forest reserves represent approximately one fifth of Brazilian Amazonia and pose enormous challenges for sustainable natural resource management by native Amazonians. In collaboration with the Kayapó Indians of A’Ukre of southeastern Amazonia, we obtained a game harvest profile of over 1360 forest vertebrates consumed at this village over a 20-month period, including 743 mammals, 361 forest tortoises and 256 birds from a minimum of 42 game species. This amounted to a total of 13,775 kg of game animals harvested over the entire study (mean = 26.2 kg d−1). We also obtained some 450 km of line transect census data of midsized to large-bodied vertebrates within the core hunting catchment of this village and in an unhunted but otherwise comparable site upriver of A’Ukre. Population density estimates of 16 of the 18 species censused were significantly depressed by hunting by central place foragers within the village catchment, and a number of harvest-sensitive prey species showed clear evidence of local depletion. For the time being, however, we can conclude that hunting was sustainable at the landscape scale largely because source-sink dynamics in the context of low village catchment density is made possible by large surrounding tracts of primary forest that remain unharvested or underharvested.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alvard M. 1994. Conservation by native people: prey choice in a depleted habitat. Human Nature 5: 127–154.
Baider C. 2000. Demografia e ecologia de dispersão de frutos de Bertholletia excelsa Humb, and Bonpl. (Lecythidaceae) em Castanhais Silvestres da Amazônia Oriental. PhD thesis, Universidade de São Paulo.
Begazo A.J. and Bodmer R.E. 1998. Use and conservation of cracidae (Aves: Galliformes) in the Peruvian Amazon. Oryx 32: 301–309.
Bodmer R.E. 1994. Managing wildlife with local communities: the case of the Reserva Comunal Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo. In: Western D., Wright M. and Strum S. (eds), Natural Connections. Island Press, Washington DC, pp. 113–134.
Bodmer R.E. 1995. Managing Amazonian wildlife: biological correlates of game choice by detribalized hunters. Ecological Applications 5: 872–877.
Bodmer R.E., Eisenberg J.F. and Redford K.H. 1997. Hunting and the likelihood of extinction of Amazonian mammals. Conservation Biology 11: 460–466.
Brasil D.N.P.M. 1974. Projeto RADAM. Folha SB 22 Araguaia e parte da folha SC 22 Tocantins. IBGE. RJ. Vol 4.
Buckland S.T., Anderson D.R., Burnham K.P. and Laake J.L. 1993. Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.
Emídio-Silva C. 1998. A caça de subsistência praticada pelos Índios Parakanã (Sudeste do Pará): characterísticas e sustentabilidade. MSc thesis, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belémf.
Fa J.E. and Peres C.A. 2001. Game vertebrate extraction in African and Neotropical forests: an intercontinental comparison. In: Reynolds J., Mace G., Robinson J.G. and Redford K. (eds), Conservation of Exploited Species. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hames R.B. and Vickers W.T. 1982. Optimal diet breadth theory as a model to explain variability in Amazonian hunting. American Ethnologist 9: 358–378.
Hill K., Padwe J., Bejyvagi C., Bepurangi A., Jakugi F., Tykuarangi R. and Tykuarangi T. 1997. Impact of hunting on large vertebrates in the Mbaracayu reserve, Paraguay. Conservation Biology 11: 1339–1353.
ISA. 2004. Amazônia Brasileira 2004. Map and database produced by the Instituto Socioambiental. www.socioambiental.org. Accessed on 30 August 2004.
Jerozolimski A. and Peres CA. 2003. Bringing home the biggest bacon: a cross-site analysis of the structure of hunter-kill profiles in Neotropical forests. Biological Conservation 111: 415–425.
Laake J.L., Buckland S., Anderson D. and Burnham K. 1994. Distance User’s Guide V2.1. Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. Colorado State University, Fort Collins.
Leung W. and Flores M. 1961. Food Composition Table for Use in Latin America. INCAP-ICNND, Bethesda, MD.
Mena V.P., Stallings J.R., Regalado B.J. and Cueva L.R. 2000. The sustainability of current hunting practices by the Huaorani. In: Robinson J.G. and Bennett E.L. (eds), Hunting for Subsistence in Tropical Forests. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 57–78.
Milner-Gulland E.J., Bennett E.L., Abernethy K., Bakarr M., Bodmer R., Brashares J., Cowlishaw G., Elkan P., Eves H., Fa J., Peres C.A., Roberts C., Robinson J., Rowcliffe M. and Wilkie D. 2003. Wild meat — the bigger picture. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 18: 351–357.
Morsello C. 2002. Market integration and sustainability in Amazonian indigenous livelihoods: the case of the Kayapó. PhD Thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Nascimento H.S. 1999. Hunting sustainability by the Kayapó Indians of A’Ukre, eastern Brazilian Amazonia. MSc Thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Novaro A.J., Redford K.H. and Bodmer R.E. 2000. Effect of hunting in source-sink systems in the neotropics. Conservation Biology 14: 713–721.
Peres C.A. 1990. Effects of hunting on western Amazonian primate communities. Biological Conservation 54: 47–59.
Peres C.A. 1994. Indigenous reserves and nature conservation in Amazonian forests. Conservation Biology 8: 586–588.
Peres C.A. 1996. Population status of white-lipped and collared peccaries in hunted and unhunted Amazonian forests. Biological Conservation 77: 115–123.
Peres C.A. 1999. General guidelines for standardizing line-transect surveys of tropical forest primates. Neotropical Primates 7: 11–16.
Peres C.A. 2000a. Effects of subsistence hunting on vertebrate community structure in Amazonian forests. Conservation Biology 14: 240–253.
Peres C.A. 2000b. Evaluating the sustainability of subsistence hunting at multiple Amazonian forest sites. In: Robinson J.G. and Bennett E.L. (eds), Hunting for Sustainability in Tropical Forests. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 31–56.
Peres C.A. 2001. Synergistic effects of subsistence hunting and habitat fragmentation on Amazonian forest vertebrates. Conservation Biology 15: 1490–1505.
Peres C.A. and Lake I.R. 2003. Extent of nontimber resource extraction in tropical forests: accessibility to game vertebrates by hunters in the Amazon basin. Conservation Biology 17: 521–535.
Peres C.A. and Zimmerman B. 2001. Perils in Parks or Parks in Peril? Reconciling conservation in Amazonian reserves with and without use Conservation Biology 15: 793–797.
Redford K.H. and Robinson J.G. 1987. The game of choice: patterns of Indian and colonist hunting in the Neotropics. American Anthropologist 89: 650–667.
Robinson J.G. and Redford K.H. 1986. Intrinsic rate of natural increase in neotropical forest mammals: relationship to phylogeny and diet. Oecologia 68: 516–520.
Robinson J.G. and Redford K.H. 1991. Sustainable harvest of neotropical forest mammals. In: Robinson J.G. and Redford K.H. (eds), Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 415–429.
Robinson J.G. and Redford K.H. 1994. Measuring the sustainability of hunting in tropical forests. Oryx 28: 249–256.
Salas L.A. and Kim J.B. 2002. Spatial factors and stochasticity in the evaluation of sustainable hunting of tapirs. Conservation Biology 16: 86–96.
Salm R. 2002. The ecology of large arborescent palms, Attalea maripa and Astrocaryum aculeatum in a seasonally dry Amazonian forest. MSc Thesis, University of East Anglia, Norwich.
Schwartzman S., Moreira A. and Nepstad D. 2000. Rethinking tropical forest conservation: perils in parks. Conservation Biology 14: 1351–1357.
Silva J. and Strahl S. 1991. Human impact on populations of chachalacas, guans and curassows (Galliformes: Cracidae) in Venezuela. In: Robinson J.G. and Redford K.H. (eds), Neotropical Wildlife Use and Conservation. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp. 37–52.
Slade N.A., Gomulkiewicz R. and Alexander H.M. 1998. Alternatives to Robinson and Redford’s method of assessing overharvest from incomplete demographic data. Conservation Biology 12: 148–155.
Souza-Mazurek R.R., Pedrinho T., Feliciano X., Hilario W., Geroncio S. and Marcelo E. 2000. Subsistence hunting among the Waimiri Atroari Indians in central Amazonia. Brazil Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 579–596.
Strahl S.D. and Grajal A. 1991. Conservation of large avian frugivores and the management of neotropical protected areas. Oryx 25: 50–55.
Terborgh J. 1999. Requiem for Nature. Island Press, Washington, D.C.
Terborgh J. 2000. The fate of tropical forests: a matter of stewardship. Conservation Biology 14: 1358–1361.
Townsend W.R. 2000. The sustainability of subsistence hunting by the Siriono Indians of Bolivia. In: Robinson J.G. and Bennett E.L. (eds), Hunting for Sustainability in Tropical Forests. Columbia University Press.
Vickers W.T. 1984. The faunal components of lowland South America hunting kill. Interciencia 9: 366–376.
Vickers W.T. 1988. Game depletion hypothesis of Amazonian adaptation: data from a native community. Science 239: 1521–1522.
Vidal L.B. 1977. Morte e vida de uma sociedade indígena brasileira: os Kayapó-Xikrin do Rio Cateté. São Paulo, HucitecEditora da Universidade de São Paulo.
Whitesides G.H., Oates J.F., Green S.M. and Kluberdanz R.P. 1988. Estimating primate densities from transect in a west African rain forest: a comparison of techniques. Journal of Animal Ecology 57: 345–367.
WHO (United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization) 1973. Energy and protein requirements: report of a joint FAO/WHO Ad Hoc Expert Committee. WHO Technical Report, Series No. 522, WHO, Geneva.
Winterhalder B., Baillargeon W., Cappelletto F., Daniel I. and Prescott C. 1988. The population ecology of hunter-gatheres and their prey. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7: 289–328.
Zimmerman B., Peres C.A., Malcolm J. and Turner T. 2001. Conservation and development alliances with the Kayapó of south-eastern Amazonia, a tropical forest indigenous peoples. Environmental Conservation 28: 10–22.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Peres, C.A., Nascimento, H.S. (2006). Impact of game hunting by the Kayapó of south-eastern Amazonia: implications for wildlife conservation in tropical forest indigenous reserves. In: Hawksworth, D.L., Bull, A.T. (eds) Human Exploitation and Biodiversity Conservation. Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5283-5_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5283-5_16
Received:
Accepted:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-5282-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-5283-5
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)