Abstract
We propose a three-layer automatic flight control system for our unmanned vehicles based on the time scales of the state variables of the helicopter, which consists of the inner loop, the outer loop, and the flight scheduling layers. The inner loop stabilizes the dynamics of the helicopter associated with its angular velocities and Euler angles. The outer loop controls the position of the unmanned system. Lastly, the outmost layer, i.e., the flight scheduling layer, generates the necessary trajectories for predefined flight missions. Chapter 7 presents the design of the inner-loop control law using an H-infinity control technique based on the linearized model obtained in Chap. 6. More specifically, we focus on issues related to design specification selection, problem formulation, flight control law design, and overall performance evaluation. Design specifications for military rotorcraft set for US army aviation are adopted throughout the whole process to guarantee a top level performance.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
ADS-33D-PRF. Aeronautical design standard performance specification handling qualities requirements for military rotorcraft. U.S. Army Aviation and Troop Command; 1996.
Başar T, Bernhard P. H ∞ optimal control and related minimax design problems: a dynamic game approach. 2nd ed. Boston: Birkhäuser; 1995.
Chen BM. Robust and H ∞ control. New York: Springer; 2000.
CONDUIT user’s guide [report]. US NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field; 2009.
Doyle JC. Lecture notes in advances in multivariable control. ONR-Honeywell Workshop; 1984.
Doyle J, Glover K, Khargonekar PP, Francis BA. State-space solutions to standard H 2 and H ∞ control problems. IEEE Trans Autom Control. 1989;34:831–47.
Enns R, Si J. Helicopter trimming and tracking control using direct neural dynamic programming. IEEE Trans Neural Netw. 2003;14:929–39.
Francis BA. A course in H ∞ control theory. Berlin: Springer; 1987.
Frost W, Turner RE. A discrete gust model for use in the design of wind energy conversion systems. J Appl Meteorol. 1982;21:770C–776C.
Fujiwara D, Shin J, Hazawa K, Nonami K. H ∞ hovering and guidance control for autonomous small-scale unmanned helicopter. In: Proc IEEE/RSJ int conf intell robot syst, Sendai, Japan; 2004. p. 2463–8.
Gadewadikar J, Lewis FL, Subbarao K, Chen BM. Structured H ∞ command and control loop design for unmanned helicopters. J Guid Control Dyn. 2008;31:1093–102.
Glover K. All optimal Hankel-norm approximations of linear multivariable systems and their \(\mathcal{L}_{\infty}\) error bounds. Int J Control. 1984;39:1115–93.
Isidori A, Marconi L, Serrani A. Robust nonlinear motion control of a helicopter. IEEE Trans Autom Control. 2003;48:413–26.
Kimura H. Chain-scattering approach to H ∞-control. Boston: Birkhäuser; 1997.
Kwakernaak H. A polynomial approach to minimax frequency domain optimization of multivariable feedback systems. Int J Control. 1986;41:117–56.
Limebeer DJN, Anderson BDO. An interpolation theory approach to H ∞ controller degree bounds. Linear Algebra Appl. 1988;98:347–86.
Peng K, Cai G, Chen BM, Dong M, Lum KY, Lee TH. Design and implementation of an autonomous flight control law for a UAV helicopter. Automatica. 2009;45:2333–8.
SAE-AS94900. General specification for aerospace flight control systems design, installation and test of piloted military aircraft. Warrendale, SAE International; 2007.
Shim DH, Kim HJ, Sastry S. Decentralized nonlinear model predictive control of multiple flying robots. In: Proc 42nd IEEE conf dec contr, Maui, HI; 2003. p. 3621–6.
Tischler MB, Colbourne JD, Morel MR, Biezad DJ. A multidisciplinary flight control development environment and its application to a helicopter. IEEE Control Syst Mag. 1999;19:22–33.
Tischler MB, Colbourne JD, Morel MR, et al. CONDUIT—a new multidisciplinary integration environment for flight control development. Presented at AIAA guid, nav, contr conf, New Orleans, LA; 1997. AIAA-1997-3773.
Weilenmann MW, Christen U, Geering HP. Robust helicopter position control at hover. In: Proc American contr conf, Baltimore, MD; 1994; p. 2491–5.
Zames G. Feedback and optimal sensitivity: model reference transformations, multiplicative seminorms, and approximate inverses. IEEE Trans Autom Control. 1981;26:301–20.
Zhou K, Doyle J, Glover K. Robust and optimal control. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall; 1996.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag London Limited
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Cai, G., Chen, B.M., Lee, T.H. (2011). Inner-Loop Flight Control. In: Unmanned Rotorcraft Systems. Advances in Industrial Control. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-635-1_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-635-1_7
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-0-85729-634-4
Online ISBN: 978-0-85729-635-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)