Abstract
Two fundamental questions facing all ecosystem mappers are the following: (1) What factors are of particular importance in the recognition of ecosystems? (2) How are the boundaries of the different sizes of systems to be determined?
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Bibliography
Atwood, W.W. 1940. The physiographic provinces of North America. Boston: Ginn. 536p.
Bailey, R.G. 1988b. Problems with using overlay mapping for planning and their implications for geographic information systems. Environmental Management. 12: 11–17.
Bowman, I. 1911. Forest physiography, physiography of the U.S. and principal soils in relation to forestry. New York: John Wiley. 759p.
Driscoll, R.S.; Merkel, D.L.; Radloff, D.L.; Snyder, D.E.; Hagihara, J.S. 1984. An ecological land classification framework for the United States. Misc. Publ. 1439. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 56p.
Fenneman, N.M. 1928. Physiographic divisions of the United States. Annals Association of American Geographers. 18: 261–353.
Funk, J.L. 1970. Warm-water streams. In: N.G. Benson (ed.). A century of fisheries in North America. Washington, DC: American Fisheries Society. pp. 141–152.
Gersmehl, P.J. 1980. Productivity ratings based on soil series: a methodology critique. Professional Geographer. 32: 158–163.
Hopkins, L.D. 1977. Methods for generating land suitability maps: a comparative evaluation. Journal American Institute of Planners. 43: 386–400.
Illies, J. 1974. Introduction to zoogeography (trans. from German by W.D. Williams). London: Macmillan Press. 120p.
Joerg, W.L.G. 1914. The subdivision of North America into natural regions: a preliminary inquiry. Annals Association of American Geographers. 4: 55–83.
Lewis, G.M. 1966. Regional ideas and reality in the Cis-Rocky Mountain west. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. 38: 135–150.
Lowell, K.E. 1990. Differences between ecological land type maps produced using GIS or manual cartographic methods. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 56: 169–173.
Moss, M.R. 1985. Land processes and land classification. Journal of Environmental Management. 20: 295–319.
Omernik, J.M.; Griffith, G.E. 1991. Ecological regions versus hydrologic units: frameworks for managing water quality. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 46: 334–340.
Omi, P.N.; Wensel, L.C.; Murphy, J.L. 1979. An application of multivariate statistics to land-use planning: classifying land units into homogeneous zones. Forest Science. 25: 399–414.
Robinove, C.J. 1979. Integrated terrain mapping with digital Landsat images in Queensland, Australia. Prof. Paper 1102. Washington, DC: U.S. Geological Survey. 39p.
Rowe, J.S. 1980. The common denominator in land classification in Canada: an ecological approach to mapping. Forestry Chronicle. 56: 19–20.
USDA Soil Conservation Service. 1975. Soil taxonomy: a basic system for making and interpreting soil surveys. Agric. Handbook 436. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture. 754p.
Walter, H.; Breckle, S.-W. 1985. Ecological Systems of the geobiosphere, vol. 1, Ecological principles in global perspective (trans. from German by S. Gruber). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 242p.
Westman, W.E. 1985. Ecology, impact assessment, and environmental planning. New York: John Wiley. 532p.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bailey, R.G. (2009). The Question of Boundary Criteria. In: Ecosystem Geography. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89516-1_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-89515-4
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-89516-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)