Skip to main content

Occupational Therapy: Emphasis on Clinical Practice

  • Chapter

Abstract

This chapter surveys the classification systems for identifying candidates for occupational therapy. Clients1 are diagnosed with medical conditions causing functional limitations and restrictions in activities of daily living, such as self-care, and in home, work, and leisure activities. Occupational therapy core contents, purposes, and goals are defined. The theoretical basis, fundamental principles, ethical considerations, and therapeutic media are outlined, and the occupational therapist’s (OT’s2) role is clarified.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA). (2002). Occupational therapy practice framework: domain and process. In: The Reference Manual of the Official Documents of the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc. (Vol. 56, pp. 211–236, 609–634). Bethesda, MD: AOTA.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Occupational Therapy Association. (2007). AOTA classification codes for continuing education activities. Category 2. Occupational therapy process. http://www.aota.org/Practitioners/ProfDev/CE/WebFind/38453.aspx

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2008). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). http://www.allpsych.com/disorders/dsm.html

  • Baum, C., and Christiansen, C. (1997). The occupational therapy. Context. Philosophy–principles–practice. In: Christiansen, C., and Baum, C., eds. Occupational Therapy. Enabling Function and Well-Being (pp. 33–35). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butts, D.S., and Nelson, D.L. (2007). Agreement between occupational therapy practice framework classifications and occupational therapists’ classifications. Am J Occup Ther, 61(5), 512–518.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen, C. (1991). Occupational therapy. Intervention for life performance. In: Christiansen, C., and Baum, C., eds. Occupational Therapy. Overcoming Human Performance Deficits (pp. 4–43, 12, 49). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen, C., and Baum, C. (1991). Occupational Therapy. Overcoming Human Performance Deficits. Thorofare, NJ: Slack.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christiansen, C., and Baum, C. (1997). Person–environment occupational performance. A conceptual model for practice. In: Christiansen, C., and Baum, C., eds. Occupational Therapy. Enabling Function and Well-Being, 2nd ed. Thorofare, NJ: Slack. pp. 607–608.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, F.A., Parham, D., Carlson, M.E., et al (1991). Occupational science: Academic innovation in the service of occupational therapy’s future. Am J Occup Ther, 45(4), 300–310.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, F., Wood, W., and Larson, E.A. (1998). Occupational science: Occupational therapy’s legacy for the 21st century. In: Niestadt, M.E., and Crepeau, E.B., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 9th ed. (pp. 14–15). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crepeau, E.B. (1998). Activity analysis: a way of thinking about occupational performance. In: Niestadt, M.E., and Crepeau, E.B., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 9th ed. (pp. 135–147). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cynkin, S., and Robinson, A.M. (1990). Occupational Therapy and Activities Health: Toward Health Through Activities. Boston: Little, Brown.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutton, R., Levy, L.L., and  Simon, C. J. (1993). Frames of references in occupational therapy: Introduction. In: Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 8th ed. (pp. 62–63). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Early, M.B. (2001). The occupational therapy process—an overview. In: Pedretti, L.W., and Early, M.B., eds. Occupational Therapy. Practice Skills for Physical Dysfunction. London: Mosby.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, T.R. (2008). The ancient ankh symbol. http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/ankh.htm.

  • European Network of Occupational Therapy in Higher Education. (2008). Organisation: ENOTHE members. http://www.enothe.hva.nl/org/members-eng.htm.

  • Fleming Cottrell, R.P. (1993). Psychosocial Occupational Therapy. Bethesda, MD: AOTA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Förbundet Sveriges Arbetsterapeuter. (2008). The Swedish association of occupational therapists—FSA. http://www.fsa.akademikerhuset.se/.

  • Glantz, C.H., and Richman, N. (1997). OTR–COTA collaboration in home health: Roles and supervisory issues. Am J Occup Ther, 51(6), 446–452.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graff, M.J., Adang, E.M., Vernooij-Dassen, M.J., et al (2008). Community occupational therapy for older patients with dementia and their care givers: cost effectiveness study. BMJ, 19(336–337), 134–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guidetti, S., and Tham, K. (2002). Therapeutic strategies used by occupational therapists in self-care training: A qualitative study. Occup Ther Int, 9(4), 257–276.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hagedorn, R. (1995). Occupational Therapy. Perspectives and Process. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, R. A. (1993). Ethics in occupational therapy. In: Hopkins, H.L., and Smith, S.L., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, J.A., and Yerxa, E.J. (1989). Occupational Science: The Foundation for New Model of Practice. London: Haworth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kielhofner, G. (1985). A Model of Human Occupation. Theory and Application. London: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kielhofner, G. (1995). A Model of Human Occupation: Theory and Application, 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kielhofner, G. (2002). A Model of Human Occupation: Theory and Application, 3rd ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kielhofner, G. (2005). Scholarship and practice: Bridging the divide. Am J Occup Ther, 59(2), 231–239.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kielhofner, G. (2007). A Model of Human Occupations: Theory and Application, 4th ed. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lamport, N.K., Coffey, M.S., and Hersch, G.I. (1989). Activity Analysis. Handbook. Thorofare, NJ: Slack.

    Google Scholar 

  • Law, M., Polatajko, H., Baptiste, W., and Townsend, E. (1997). Core concepts of occupational therapy. In: Townsend, E., ed. Enabling Occupation. An Occupational Therapy Perspective (pp. 29–56). Ottawa: Canadian Association of OTs. (Quoted from Canadian Occupational Therapy Association, 2002. http://www.aota.org/Practitioners/Official/Guidelines/41089.aspx.)

  • Levine, R.E., and Brayley, C.R. (1991). Occupation as a therapeutic medium. In: Christiansen, C., and Baum, C., eds. Occupational Therapy. Overcoming Human Performances Deficits, Vol. 1 (pp. 597, 616–618). Thorofare, NJ: Slack.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liberman, R.P., Wallace, C.J., Blackwell, G., Kopelowicz, A., Vaccaro, J.V., and Mintz, J. (1998). Skills training versus psychosocial occupational therapy for persons with persistent schizophrenia [see comments]. Am J Psychiatry, 155(8), 1087–1091.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Macdonald, E.M. (1964). Occupational Therapy in Rehabilitation. A Handbook for Occupational Therapists, Students and Others Interested in This Aspect of Reablement. London: Ballière, Tindall and Cox.

    Google Scholar 

  • McNary, H. (1947). Quoted in Hopkins, H.H. An Introduction to Occupational Therapy. Scope of Occupational Therapy (p. 3). Hopkins and Smith, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, A. (1922). The philosophy of occupational therapy. Arch Occup Ther, 1(1), 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mortenson, W.B., and Dyck, I. (2006). Power and client-centred practice: an insider exploration of occupational therapists’ experience. Can J Occup Ther, 73(5), 261–274.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mosey, A.C. (1973). Activities Therapy. New York: Raven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosey, A.C. (1986). Psychosocial components of occupational therapy. In: Mosey, A.C., ed. Psychosocial Components of Occupational Therapy (pp. 16–18, 450–476)., New York: Raven.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müllersdorf, M., and Soderback, I. (2000). Assessing health care needs. The actual state of self-perceived activity limitation and participation restrictions due to pain in a national-wide Swedish population. Int J Rehabil Res, 23, 201–207.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • National Board of Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen). (2008). Klassifikation av vårdåtgärder (KVA). [Classification of care interventions.] (in Swedish). http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Om_Sos/organisation/Epidemiologiskt_Centrum/Enheter/EKT/KVA.htm.

  • National Library of Medicine. (2008). Entrez-PubMed. http://www.nslij-genetics.org/search_pubmed.html. Retrieved 12/03/2009.

  • Nelson, D. L. (1988). Occupation: form and performance. Am J Occup Ther, 42(10), 633–641.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, D.L. (1996). Therapeutic occupation: a definition. Am J Occup Ther, 50(10), 775–782.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oxford English Dictionary. The definitive record of the English language. http://www.oed.com/.

  • Pedretti, L.W., and  Early, M. B. (2001). Occupational Therapy. Practice Skill for Physical Dysfunction, 5th ed. London: Mosby.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peloquin, S. M. (1998). The therapeutic relationship. In: Nieistadt, M.E., and Crepeau, E.B., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 9th ed. (pp. 105–119). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, D. (2001). Occupation by design: Dimensions, therapeutic power, and creative process. Am J Occup Ther, 55(3), 249–259.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reed, K., and Sanderson, S.R. (1980). Concepts of Occupational Therapy. London: Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reilly, M. (1962). Occupational therapy can be one of the great ideas of the 20 century medicine. The Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture. Am J Occup Ther, 16, 1–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, S. (2007). Occupation-Based Intervention in Medical-Based Settings (pp. 1–8). Thorofare, NJ: AOTA’s OT JobLink.

    Google Scholar 

  • Royeen, C.B. (2002). Occupation reconsidered. Occup Ther Int, 9(2), 111–120.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scaaerfl, R.A. (2003). Dictionary of Occupational Titles. http://www.dictionay-occupationalaltitles.net/index.html.

  • Schell, B.A., and Schell, J.W. (2007). Clinical and Professional Reasoning in Occupational Therapy. London: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

    Google Scholar 

  • School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University. (2008). Occupational therapy program. http://www.mcgill.ca/spot/ot

  • Schwartzberg, S.L. (1998). Group process. In: Niestadt, M.E., and Crepeau, E.B., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 9th ed. (pp. 120–131). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartzberg , S.L. (1993). Therapeutic use of self. In: Hopkins, H.L., and Smith, H.D., eds. Willard and Spackman’s Occupational Therapy, 8th ed. (pp. 269–274). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I. (1988). Intellectual Function Training and Intellectual Housework Training in Patients with Acquired Brain Damage. A Study of Occupational Therapy Methods. Stockholm: Karolinska Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I. (1999). Validation of the theory: satisfaction with time-delimited daily occupations. Work, 12(2), 165–174.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I. (2006). Vocational counselling. In: Schmidt, R.F., and Willis, W.D., eds. Encyclopaedia of Pain, 1st ed. (pp. 2651–2654). Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I., and Frost, D. (1995). Transfer of knowledge in occupational therapy. A case of work ability assessment. Work, 5(3), 157–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I., Krakau, I., Gruvsved, Å., et al (1994). The quality of occupational therapy evaluated in six outpatients. Occup Ther Int, 1(2), 122–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Soderback, I., Schult, M.-L., and Jacobs, K. (2000). A criterion-referenced multidimensional job-related model predicting capability to perform occupations among persons with chronic pain. Work, 15(1), 25–39.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Soriano, F.I. (1995). Conducting Needs Assessments. A Multidisciplinary Approach. London: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, F., and Roose, B. (2000). Pocket Guide to Treatment in Occupational Therapy. San Diego, CA: Singular.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, F., Soderback, I., Cutler, S.K., and Larson, B. (2006). Occupational Therapy and Ergonomics. Applying Ergonomic Principles to Everyday Occupation in the Home and at Work, 1st ed. London/Philadelphia: Whurr/Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sumsion, T. (2006). Client-Centered Practice in Occupational Therapy: A Guide to Implementation, 2nd ed. London: Churchill Livingstone.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Labor. (1996). JIST’s Electronic Enhanced Dictionary of Occupational Titles (JIST’s DOT). Indianapolis, IN: JIST Work.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration, and Service. (1991). Dictionary of Occupational Titles. Indianapolis, IN: JIST Work.

    Google Scholar 

  • VALPAR. (1993). VALPAR Component Work Samples (VCWS). Tucson: VALPAR.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Deusen, J. (1993). Mary Reilly. In: Miller, R.J., and Walker, K.F., eds. Perspectives on Theory for the Practice of Occupational Therapy (pp. 155–178). Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikipedia. (2008). List of countries. http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_l%C3%A4nder.

  • World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT). (2008a). What is occupational therapy? http://www.wfot.org/information.asp.

  • World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT). (2008b). Country profiles. http://www.wfot.org/information.asp.

  • World Health Organization. (2007a). International classification of functioning, disability and health. ICF introduction (homepage). http://www.who.int/classification/icf/site/icftemplate.cfm?myurl = home.

  • World Health Organization. (2007b). International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. http://www.who.int/classifications/apps/icd/icd10online/.

  • Yerxa, E.J. (1967). 1966 Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture. Authentic occupational therapy. Am J Occup Ther, 21(1), 1–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yerxa, E.J. (2001). The social and psychological experience of having a disability: Implications for occupational therapists. In: Pedretti, L.W., and Early, M.B., eds. Occupational Therapy. Practice Skills for Physical Dysfunction (pp. 487–488). London: Mosby.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zemke, R., and Clark, F. (1996). Occupational Science: The Evolving Discipline. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Ingrid Söderback

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Söderback, I. (2009). Occupational Therapy: Emphasis on Clinical Practice. In: Söderback, I. (eds) International Handbook of Occupational Therapy Interventions. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75424-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75424-6_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-75423-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-75424-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics