Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Improving Oral Health for the Elderly pp 247–271Cite as

The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease in the Elderly

  • Chapter

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ajwani, S., Mattila, K. J., Tilvis, R. S. & Ainamo, A. (2003). Periodontal disease and mortality in an aged population. Special Care in Dentistry, 23, 125–130.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Zahrani, M. S., Bissada, N. F. & Borawskit, E. A. (2003). Obesity and periodontal disease in young, middle-aged, and older adults. Journal of Periodontology, 74, 610–615.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Amar, S., Gokce, N., Morgan, S., Loukideli, M., Van Dyke, T. E. & Vita, J. A. (2003). Periodontal disease is associated with brachial artery endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 23, 1245–1249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arbes, S. J., Jr., Slade, G. D. & Beck, J. D. (1999). Association between extent of periodontal attachment loss and self-reported history of heart attack: an analysis of NHANES III data. Journal of Dental Research, 78, 1777–1782.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Azarpazhooh, A. & Leake, J. L. (2006). Systematic review of the association between respiratory diseases and oral health. Journal of Periodontology, 77, 1465–1482.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baltch, A. L., Schaffer, C., Hammer, M. C., Sutphen, N. T., Smith, R. P., Conroy, J. & Shayegani, M. (1982). Bacteremia following dental cleaning in patients with and without penicillin prophylaxis. American Heart Journal, 104, 1335–1339.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bastard, J. P., Maachi, M., Lagathu, C., Kim, M. J., Caron, M., Vidal, H., Capeau, J. & Feve, B. (2006). Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. European Cytokine Network, 17, 4–12.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bax, J. J., Inzucchi, S. E., Bonow, R. O., Schuijf, J. D., Freeman, M. R. & Barrett, E. (2007). Cardiac imaging for risk stratification in diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30(5), 1295–304.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, J. D., Eke, P., Heiss, G., Madianos, P., Couper, D., Lin, D., Moss, K., Elter, J. & Offenbacher, S. (2005a). Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease: a reappraisal of the exposure. Circulation, 112, 19–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, J. D., Eke, P., Lin, D., Madianos, P., Couper, D., Moss, K., Elter, J., Heiss, G. & Offenbacher, S. (2005b). Associations between IgG antibody to oral organisms and carotid intima-medial thickness in community-dwelling adults. Atherosclerosis, 183(2), 342–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, J. D., Elter, J. R., Heiss, G., Couper, D., Mauriello, S. M. & Offenbacher, S. (2001). Relationship of periodontal disease to carotid artery intima-media wall thickness: The atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 21, 1816–1822.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beltran-Aguilar, E. D., Barker, L. K., Canto, M. T., Dye, B. A., Gooch, B. F., Griffin, S. O., Hyman, J., Jaramillo, F., Kingman, A., Nowjack-Raymer, R., Selwitz, R. H. & Wu, T. (2005). Surveillance for dental caries, dental sealants, tooth retention, edentulism, and enamel fluorosis–United States, 1988–1994 and 1999–2002. MMWR Surveillance Summaries, 54,1–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergmans, D. C., Bonten, M. J., Gaillard, C. A., Paling, J. C., van der Geest, S., van Tiel, F. H., Beysens, A. J., de Leeuw, P. W. & Stobberingh, E. E. (2001). Prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia by oral decontamination: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 164, 382–388.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borrell, L. N. & Papapanou, P. N. (2005). Analytical epidemiology of periodontitis. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 32 Suppl 6, 132–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bretz, W. A., Weyant, R. J., Corby, P. M., Ren, D., Weissfeld, L., Kritchevsky, S. B., Harris, T., Kurella, M., Satterfield, S., Visser, M. & Newman, A. B. (2005). Systemic inflammatory markers, periodontal diseases, and periodontal infections in an elderly population. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53, 1532–1537.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Celermajer, D. S., Sorensen, K. E., Gooch, V. M., Spiegelhalter, D. J., Miller, O. I., Sullivan, I. D., Lloyd, J. K. & Deanfield, J. E. (1992). Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet, 340, 1111–1115.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christgau, M., Palitzsch, K.-D., Schmalz, G., Kreiner, U. & Frenzel, S. (1998). Healing response to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus: clinical, microbiological, and immunological results. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 25, 112–124.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cutler, C. W., Machen, R. L., Jotwani, R. & Iacopino, A. M. (1999). Heightened gingival inflammation and attachment loss in type 2 diabetics with hyperlipidemia. Journal of Periodontology, 70, 1313–1321.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aiuto, F., Nibali, L., Parkar, M., Suvan, J. & Tonetti, M. S. (2005). Short-term effects of intensive periodontal therapy on serum inflammatory markers and cholesterol. Journal of Dental Research, 84, 269–273.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aiuto, F., Parkar, M., Andreou, G., Suvan, J., Brett, P. M., Ready, D. & Tonetti, M. S. (2004a). Periodontitis and systemic inflammation: Control of the local infection is associated with a reduction in serum inflammatory markers. Journal of Dental Research, 83,156–160.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aiuto, F., Parkar, M., Nibali, L., Suvan, J., Lessem, J. & Tonetti, M. S. (2006). Periodontal infections cause changes in traditional and novel cardiovascular risk factors: results from a randomized controlled clinical trial. American Heart Journal, 151, 977–984.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • D’Aiuto, F., Ready, D. & Tonetti, M. S. (2004b). Periodontal disease and C-reactive protein-associated cardiovascular risk. Journal of Periodontal Research, 39, 236–241.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Daly, C., Mitchell, D., Grossberg, D., Highfield, J. & Stewart, D. (1997). Bacteraemia caused by periodontal probing. Australian Dental Journal, 42, 77–80.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Ferranti, S. D. & Rifai, N. (2007). C-reactive protein: a nontraditional serum marker of cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular Pathology, 16, 14–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Nardin, E. (2001). The role of inflammatory and immunological mediators in periodontitis and cardiovascular disease. Annals of Periodontology, 6, 30–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Stefano, F., Anda, R. F., Kahn, H. S., Williamson, D. F. & Russell, C. M. (1993). Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality [see comments]. British Medical Journal, 306, 688–691.

    Google Scholar 

  • Desvarieux, M., Demmer, R. T., Rundek, T., Boden-Albala, B., Jacobs, D. R., Jr., Papapanou, P. N. & Sacco, R. L. (2003). Relationship between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and carotid artery plaque: The oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study (INVEST). Stroke, 34, 2120–2125.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Desvarieux, M., Demmer, R. T., Rundek, T., Boden-Albala, B., Jacobs, D. R., Jr., Sacco, R. L. & Papapanou, P. N. (2005). Periodontal microbiota and carotid intima-media thickness: The oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study (INVEST). Circulation, 111,576–582.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Don, B. R. & Kaysen, G. (2004). Serum albumin: Relationship to inflammation and nutrition. Seminars in Dialysis, 17, 432–437.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ebersole, J. L., Machen, R. L., Steffen, M. J. & Willmann, D. E. (1997). Systemic acute-phase reactants, C-reactive protein and haptoglobin, in adult periodontitis. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 107, 347–352.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elter, J. R., Hinderliter, A. L., Offenbacher, S., Beck, J. D., Caughey, M., Brodala, N. & Madianos, P. N. (2006). The effects of periodontal therapy on vascular endothelial function: a pilot trial. American Heart Journal, 151, 47.e1–47.e6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emrich, L. J., Shlossman, M. & Genco, R. J. (1991). Periodontal disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Periodontology, 62, 123–131.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Engebretson, S. P., Lamster, I. B., Elkind, M. S., Rundek, T., Serman, N. J., Demmer, R. T., Sacco, R. L., Papapanou, P. N. & Desvarieux, M. (2005). Radiographic measures of chronic periodontitis and carotid artery plaque. Stroke, 36(3), 561–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Famili, P., Cauley, J., Suzuki, J. B. & Weyant, R. (2005). Longitudinal study of periodontal disease and edentulism with rates of bone loss in older women. Journal of Periodontology, 76, 11–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fiehn, N. E., Larsen, T., Christiansen, N., Holmstrup, P. & Schroeder, T. V. (2005). Identification of periodontal pathogens in atherosclerotic vessels. Journal of Periodontology, 76, 731–736.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Forrester, J. S. & Bick-Forrester, J. (2005). Persistence of inflammatory cytokines cause a spectrum of chronic progressive diseases: Implications for therapy. Medical Hypotheses, 65, 227–231.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fourrier, F., Cau-Pottier, E., Boutigny, H., Roussel-Delvallez, M., Jourdain, M. & Chopin, C. (2000). Effects of dental plaque antiseptic decontamination on bacterial colonization and nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. Intensive Care Medicine, 26, 1239–1247.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fourrier, F., Dubois, D., Pronnier, P., Herbecq, P., Leroy, O., Desmettre, T., Pottier-Cau, E., Boutigny, H., Di Pompeo, C., Durocher, A. & Roussel-Delvallez, M. (2005). Effect of gingival and dental plaque antiseptic decontamination on nosocomial infections acquired in the intensive care unit: a double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study. Critical Care Medicine, 33, 1728–1735.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fourrier, F., Duvivier, B., Boutigny, H., Roussel-Delvallez, M. & Chopin, C. (1998). Colonization of dental plaque: A source of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit patients. Critical Care Medicine, 26, 301–308.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fried, L. P., Tangen, C. M., Walston, J., Newman, A. B., Hirsch, C., Gottdiener, J., Seeman, T., Tracy, R., Kop, W. J., Burke, G. & McBurnie, M. A. (2001). Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 56, M146–M156.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Genco, R. J., Grossi, S. G., Ho, A., Nishimura, F. & Murayama, Y. (2005). A proposed model linking inflammation to obesity, diabetes, and periodontal infections. Journal of Periodontology, 76, 2075–2084.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grossi, S. G., Genco, R. J., Machtei, E. E., Ho, A. W., Koch, G., Dunford, R., Zambon, J. J. & Hausmann, E. (1995). Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. II. Risk indicators for alveolar bone loss. Journal of Periodontology, 66, 23–29.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grossi, S. G., Skrepcinski, F. B., DeCaro, T., Robertson, D. C., Ho, A. W., Dunford, R. G. & Genco, R. J. (1997). Treatment of periodontal disease in diabetics reduces glycated hemoglobin. Journal of Periodontology, 68, 713–719.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haffajee, A. D. & Socransky, S. S. (1994). Microbial etiological agents of destructive periodontal diseases. Periodontology 2000, 5, 78–111.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansson, G. K. (2005). Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 352, 1685–1695.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haraszthy, V. I., Zambon, J. J., Trevisan, M., Zeid, M. & Genco, R. J. (2000). Identification of periodontal pathogens in atheromatous plaques. Journal of Periodontology, 71, 1554–1560.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang, A. L. & Vita, J. A. (2006). Effects of systemic inflammation on endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, 16, 15–20.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hujoel, P. P., White, B. A., Garcia, R. I. & Listgarten, M. A. (2001). The dentogingival epithelial surface area revisited. Journal of Periodontal Research, 36, 48–55.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janket, S. J., Wightman, A., Baird, A. E., Van Dyke, T. E. & Jones, J. A. (2005). Does periodontal treatment improve glycemic control in diabetic patients? A meta-analysis of intervention studies. Journal of Dental Research, 84, 1154–1159.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jepsen, R. & Kuchel, G. A. (2006). Nutrition and inflammation: The missing link between periodontal disease and systemic health in the frail elderly? Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 33, 309–311.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joshipura, K. J., Willett, W. C. & Douglass, C. W. (1996). The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake. Journal of the American Dental Association, 127, 459–467.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klemetti, E., Vainio, P., Lassila, V. & Alhava, E. (1993). Trabecular bone mineral density of mandible and alveolar height in postmenopausal women. Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 101, 166–170.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kornman, K. S., Page, R. C. & Tonetti, M. S. (1997). The host response to the microbial challenge in periodontitis: assembling the players. Periodontology 2000, 14, 33–53.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kozarov, E. V., Dorn, B. R., Shelburne, C. E., Dunn, W. A., Jr. & Progulske-Fox, A. (2005). Human atherosclerotic plaque contains viable invasive Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 25, e17–e18.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kribbs, P. J., Chesnut, C. H., Ott, S. M. & Kilcoyne, R. F. (1989). Relationships between mandibular and skeletal bone in an osteoporotic population. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 62, 703–707.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kribbs, P. J., Chesnut, C. H., Ott, S. M. & Kilcoyne, R. F. (1990). Relationships between mandibular and skeletal bone in a population of normal women. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 63,86–89.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kribbs, P. J., Smith, D. E. & Chesnut, C. H. (1983). Oral findings in osteoporosis. Part I: Measurement of mandibular bone density. Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, 50, 576–579.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lalla, E., Lamster, I. B., Stern, D. M. & Schmidt, A. M. (2001). Receptor for advanced glycation end products, inflammation, and accelerated periodontal disease in diabetes: Mechanisms and insights into therapeutic modalities. Annals of Periodontology, 6, 113–118.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lane, N. E. (2006). Epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of osteoporosis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 194, S3–S11.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, R. D., White, E., Lewis, C. E., Kotchen, J. M., Hendrix, S. L. & Trevisan, M. (2003). The Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study: baseline characteristics of participants and reliability of baseline measures. Annals of Epidemiology, 13, S107–S121.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H. J., Garcia, R. I., Janket, S. J., Jones, J. A., Mascarenhas, A. K., Scott, T. E. & Nunn, M. E. (2006). The association between cumulative periodontal disease and stroke history in older adults. Journal of Periodontology, 77, 1744–1754.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loesche, W. J., Schork, A., Terpenning, M. S., Chen, Y. M., Dominguez, B. L. & Grossman, N. (1998). Assessing the relationship between dental disease and coronary heart disease in elderly U.S. veterans. Journal of the American Dental Association, 129, 301–311.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Loos, B. G. (2005). Systemic markers of inflammation in periodontitis. Journal of Periodontology, 76, 2106–2115.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ludewig, B., Krebs, P. & Scandella, E. (2004). Immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 76, 300–306.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Manolagas, S. C. (1995). Role of cytokines in bone resorption. Bone, 17, 63S-67S.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, P. D. (2004). Dental plaque as a microbial biofilm. Caries Research, 38, 204–211.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattila, K. J., Asikainen, S., Wolf, J., Jousimies-Somer, H., Valtonen, V. & Nieminen, M. (2000). Age, dental infections, and coronary heart disease. Journal of Dental Research, 79, 756–760.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McGuinness, O. P. (2005). Defective glucose homeostasis during infection. Annual Review of Nutrition 25, 9–35.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meneilly (2006). Diabetes in the Elderly. Medical Clinics of North America, 90, 909–923.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercanoglu, F., Oflaz, H., Oz, O., Gokbuget, A. Y., Genchellac, H., Sezer, M., Nisanci, Y. & Umman, S. (2004). Endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic periodontitis and its improvement after initial periodontal therapy. Journal of Periodontology, 75, 1694–1700.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, L. S., Manwell, M. A., Newbold, D., Reding, M. E., Rasheed, A., Blodgett, J. & Kornman, K. S. (1992). The relationship between reduction in periodontal inflammation and diabetes control: a report of 9 cases. Journal of Periodontology, 63, 843–848.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohammad, A. R., Hooper, D. A., Vermilyea, S. G., Mariotti, A. & Preshaw, P. M. (2003). An investigation of the relationship between systemic bone density and clinical periodontal status in post-menopausal Asian-American women. International Dental Journal, 53, 121–125.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moller, D. E. (2000). Potential role of TNF-alpha in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, 11, 212–217.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, R. G., Shlossman, M., Budding, L. M., Pettitt, D. J., Saad, M. F., Genco, R. J. & Knowler, W. C. (1990). Periodontal disease and NIDDM in Pima Indians. Diabetes Care, 13,836–840.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Noack, B., Genco, R. J., Trevisan, M., Grossi, S., Zambon, J. J. & De Nardin, E. (2001). Periodontal infections contribute to elevated systemic C-reactive protein level. Journal of Periodontology, 72, 1221–1227.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Norderyd, O. M., Grossi, S. G., Machtei, E. E., Zambon, J. J., Hausmann, E., Dunford, R. G. & Genco, R. J. (1993). Periodontal status of women taking postmenopausal estrogen supplementation. Journal of Periodontology, 64, 957–962.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary, D. H., Polak, J. F., Kronmal, R. A., Manolio, T. A., Burke, G. L. & Wolfson, S. K., Jr. (1999). Carotid-artery intima and media thickness as a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke in older adults. Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. New England Journal of Medicine, 340, 14–22.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Offenbacher, S. (1996). Periodontal diseases: Pathogenesis. Annals of Periodontology, 1, 821–878.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ogawa, H., Yoshihara, A., Amarasena, N., Hirotomi, T. & Miyazaki, H. (2006). Association between serum albumin and periodontal disease in community-dwelling elderly. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 33, 312–316.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papapanou, P. N. (1996). Periodontal diseases: Epidemiology. Annals of Periodontology, 1, 1–36.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papapanou, P. N., Lindhe, J., Sterrett, J. D. & Eneroth, L. (1991). Considerations on the contribution of ageing to loss of periodontal tissue support. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 18, 611–615.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pasceri, V. & Yeh, E. T. H. (1999). A Tale of Two Diseases: Atherosclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Circulation, 100, 2124–2126.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, T. A., Mensah, G. A., Alexander, R. W., Anderson, J. L., Cannon, R. O., 3rd, Criqui, M., Fadl, Y. Y., Fortmann, S. P., Hong, Y., Myers, G. L., Rifai, N., Smith, S. C., Jr., Taubert, K., Tracy, R. P. & Vinicor, F. (2003). Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association. Circulation, 107, 499–511.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Perry, H. M., 3rd (1999). The endocrinology of aging. Clinical Chemistry, 45, 1369–1376.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Persson, R. E., Hollender, L. G., MacEntee, M. I., Wyatt, C. C. L., Kiyak, H. A. & Persson, G. R. (2003). Assessment of periodontal conditions and systemic disease in older subjects. Focus on diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 30, 207–213.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, A., Shaper, A. G. & Whincup, P. H. (1989). Association between serum albumin and mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other causes. Lancet, 2, 1434–1436.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pihlstrom, B. L., Michalowicz, B. S. & Johnson, N. W. (2005). Periodontal diseases. Lancet, 366, 1809–1820.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Promsudthi, A., Pimapansri, S., Deerochanawong, C. & Kanchanavasita, W. (2005). The effect of periodontal therapy on uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in older subjects. Oral Diseases, 11, 293–298.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadori, G. & Christ, B. (1999). Cytokines and the hepatic acute-phase response. Seminars in Liver Disease, 19, 141–155.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, R., Schmidt, H., Curb, J. D., et al. (2002). Early inflammation and dementia: A 25-year follow-up of the Honolulu-Asia aging study. Annals of Neurology, 52, 168–174.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reuben, D. B., Cheh, A. I., Harris, T. B., Ferrucci, L., Rowe, J. W., Tracy, R. P. & Seeman, T. E. (2002). Peripheral blood markers of inflammation predict mortality and functional decline in high-functioning community-dwelling older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50, 638–644.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ridker, P. M., Hennekens, C. H., Buring, J. E. & Rifai, N. (2000). C-Reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women. New England Journal of Medicine, 342, 836–843.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rothenbacher, D., Hoffmeister, A., Bode, G., Miller, M., Koenig, W. & Brenner, H. (2001). Helicobacter pylori heat shock protein 60 and risk of coronary heart disease: a case control study with focus on markers of systemic inflammation and lipids. Atherosclerosis, 156, 193–199.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saito, T., Shimazaki, Y., Koga, T., Tsuzuki, M. & Ohshima, A. (2001). Relationship between upper body obesity and periodontitis. Journal of Dental Research, 80, 1631–1636.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, A. E., Slade, G. D., Carter, K. D. & Stewart, J. F. (2004). Trends in prevalence of complete tooth loss among Australians, 1979–2002. The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 28, 549–554.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scannapieco, F. A. (1999). Role of oral bacteria in respiratory infection. Journal of Periodontology, 70, 793–802.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scannapieco, F. A., Bush, R. B. & Paju, S. (2003a). Associations between periodontal disease and risk for atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and stroke. A systematic review. Annals of Periodontology, 8, 38–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scannapieco, F. A., Bush, R. B. & Paju, S. (2003b). Associations between periodontal disease and risk for nosocomial bacterial pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A systematic review. Annals of Periodontology, 8, 54–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seinost, G., Wimmer, G., Skerget, M., Thaller, E., Brodmann, M., Gasser, R., Bratschko, R. O. & Pilger, E. (2005). Periodontal treatment improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with severe periodontitis. American Heart Journal, 149, 1050–1054.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shay, K., Scannapieco, F. A., Terpenning, M. S., Smith, B. J. & Taylor, G. W. (2005). Nosocomial pneumonia and oral health. Special Care in Dentistry, 25, 179–187.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shultis, W. A., Weil, E. J., Looker, H. C., Curtis, J. M., Shlossman, M., Genco, R. J., Knowler, W. C. & Nelson, R. G. (2007). Effect of periodontitis on overt nephropathy and end-stage renal disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care, 30, 306–311.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Silness, J. & Loee, H. (1964). Periodontal Disease in Pregnancy. Ii. Correlation between Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Condition. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 22, 121–135.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Slade, G. D., Ghezzi, E. M., Heiss, G., Beck, J. D., Riche, E. & Offenbacher, S. (2003). Relationship between periodontal disease and C-reactive protein among adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163, 1172–1179.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, B. J., Lerner, M. R., Bu, S. Y., Lucas, E. A., Hanas, J. S., Lightfoot, S. A., Postier, R. G., Bronze, M. S. & Brackett, D. J. (2006). Systemic bone loss and induction of coronary vessel disease in a rat model of chronic inflammation. Bone, 38, 378–386.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sopena, N., Sabria, M. & the Neunos Study, G. (2005). Multicenter Study of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Non-ICU Patients. Chest, 127, 213–219.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, J. E., Wager, K. A., Friedlander, A. H. & Zadeh, H. H. (2001). The effect of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 28, 306–310.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tabeta, K., Yamazaki, K., Hotokezaka, H., Yoshie, H. & Hara, K. (2000). Elevated humoral immune response to heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) family in periodontitis patients. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 120, 285–293.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, G. W., Burt, B. A., Becker, M. P., Genco, R. J. & Shlossman, M. (1998). Glycemic control and alveolar bone loss progression in type 2 diabetes. Annals of Periodontology, 3,30–39.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, G. W., Burt, B. A., Becker, M. P., Genco, R. J., Shlossman, M., Knowler, W. C. & Pettitt, D. J. (1996). Severe periodontitis and risk for poor glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Periodontology, 67, 1085–1093.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, G. W., Loesche, W. J. & Terpenning, M. S. (2000). Impact of oral diseases on systemic health in the elderly: Diabetes mellitus and aspiration pneumonia. Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 60, 313–320.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terpenning, M. (2005). Geriatric oral health and pneumonia risk. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40, 1807–1810.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Terpenning, M., Bretz, W., Lopatin, D., Langmore, S., Dominguez, B. & Loesche, W. (1993). Bacterial colonization of saliva and plaque in the elderly. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 16 Suppl 4, S314–316.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terpenning, M. & Shay, K. (2002). Oral health is cost-effective to maintain but costly to ignore. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50, 584–585.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Terpenning, M. S., Taylor, G. W., Lopatin, D. E., Kerr, C. K., Dominguez, B. L. & Loesche, W. J. (2001). Aspiration pneumonia: dental and oral risk factors in an older veteran population. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49, 557–563.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tervonen, T. & Karjalainen, K. (1997). Periodontal disease related to diabetic status. A pilot study of the response to periodontal therapy in type 1 diabetes. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 24, 505–510.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tervonen, T. & Knuuttila, M. (1986). Relation of diabetes control to periodontal pocketing and alveolar bone level. Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology, 61, 346–349.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tervonen, T., Knuuttila, M., Pohjamo, L. & Nurkkala, H. (1991). Immediate response to nonsurgical periodontal treatment in subjects with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 18, 65–68.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Theilade, E., Wright, W. H., Jensen, S. B. & Loe, H. (1966). Experimental gingivitis in man. II. A longitudinal clinical and bacteriological investigation. Journal of Periodontal Research, 1,1–13.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tonetti, M. S., D’Aiuto, F., Nibali, L., Donald, A., Storry, C., Parkar, M., Suvan, J., Hingorani, A. D., Vallance, P. & Deanfield, J. (2007). Treatment of Periodontitis and Endothelial Function. New England Journal of Medicine, 356, 911–920.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai, C., Hayes, C. & Taylor, G. W. (2002). Glycemic control of type 2 diabetes and severe periodontal disease in the US adult population. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 30, 182–192.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group (1998). Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). The Lancet, 352, 837–853.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verma, S., Buchanan, M. R. & Anderson, T. J. (2003). Endothelial function testing as a biomarker of vascular disease. Circulation, 108, 2054–2059.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verma, S., Devaraj, S. & Jialal, I. (2006). Is C-reactive protein an innocent bystander or proatherogenic culprit? C-reactive protein promotes atherothrombosis. Circulation, 113, 2135–2150; discussion 2150.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • von Wowern, N., Klausen, B. & Olgaard, K. (1992). Steroid-induced mandibular bone loss in relation to marginal periodontal changes. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 19, 182–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wactawski-Wende, J. (2001). Periodontal diseases and osteoporosis: Association and mechanisms. Annals of Periodontology, 6, 197–208.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wactawski-Wende, J., Hausmann, E., Hovey, K., Trevisan, M., Grossi, S. & Genco, R. J. (2005). The association between osteoporosis and alveolar crestal height in postmenopausal women. Journal of Periodontology, 76, 2116–2124.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walston, J., Hadley, E. C., Ferrucci, L., Guralnik, J. M., Newman, A. B., Studenski, S. A., Ershler, W. B., Harris, T. & Fried, L. P. (2006). Research agenda for frailty in older adults: Toward a better understanding of physiology and etiology: summary from the American Geriatrics Society/National Institute on Aging Research Conference on Frailty in Older Adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 54, 991–1001.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weyant, R. J., Pearlstein, M. E., Churak, A. P., Forrest, K., Famili, P. & Cauley, J. A. (1999). The association between osteopenia and periodontal attachment loss in older women. Journal of Periodontology, 70, 982–991.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, A. M., Ryan, M. C. & Boyle, A. J. (2006). The novel role of C-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease: Risk marker or pathogen. International Journal of Cardiology, 106, 291–297.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu, T., Trevisan, M., Genco, R. J., Falkner, K. L., Dorn, J. P. & Sempos, C. T. (2000). Examination of the relation between periodontal health status and cardiovascular risk factors: serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and plasma fibrinogen. American Journal of Epidemiology, 151, 273–282.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoneyama, T., Hashimoto, K., Fukuda, H., Ishida, M., Arai, H., Sekizawa, K., Yamaya, M. & Sasaki, H. (1996). Oral hygiene reduces respiratory infections in elderly bed-bound nursing home patients. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 22, 11–19.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoneyama, T., Yoshida, M., Ohrui, T., Mukaiyama, H., Okamoto, H., Hoshiba, K., Ihara, S., Yanagisawa, S., Ariumi, S., Morita, T., Mizuno, Y., Ohsawa, T., Akagawa, Y., Hashimoto, K. & Sasaki, H. (2002). Oral care reduces pneumonia in older patients in nursing homes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50, 430–433.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshihara, A., Seida, Y., Hanada, N. & Miyazaki, H. (2004). A longitudinal study of the relationship between periodontal disease and bone mineral density in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 31, 680–684.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshihara, A., Watanabe, R., Nishimuta, M., Hanada, N. & Miyazaki, H. (2005). The relationship between dietary intake and the number of teeth in elderly Japanese subjects. Gerodontology, 22, 211–218.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, Y.-H. & Ginsberg, H. N. (2005). Adipocyte Signaling and Lipid Homeostasis: Sequelae of Insulin-Resistant Adipose Tissue. Circulation Research, 96, 1042–1052.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zampieri, S., Iaccarino, L., Ghirardello, A., Tarricone, E., Arienti, S., Sarzi-Puttini, P., Gambari, P. & Doria, A. (2005). Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Atherosclerosis, and Autoantibodies. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1051, 351–361.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zebrack, J. S. & Anderson, J. L. (2002). The role of inflammation and infection in the pathogenesis and evolution of coronary artery disease. Current Cardiology Reports, 4, 278–288.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zielinski, M. B., Fedele, D., Forman, L. J. & Pomerantz, S. C. (2002). Oral health in the elderly with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Special Care in Dentistry, 22, 94–98.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY

    Dana L. Wolf

Authors
  1. Dana L. Wolf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Panos N. Papapanou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York 10032, NY, USA

    Ira B. Lamster

  2. Mailman School of Public Health Dept.Sociomedical Sciences Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York 10032, NY, USA

    Mary E. Northridge

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wolf, D.L., Papapanou, P.N. (2008). The Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease in the Elderly. In: Lamster, I.B., Northridge, M.E. (eds) Improving Oral Health for the Elderly. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74337-0_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74337-0_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-74336-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-74337-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation