Whether the topic is addictive behaviors, infections, or fractures, the traditional view of treatment in a medical model is that it addresses the cause of the disorder and either returns the person to normal functioning or helps the individual achieve a reasonable accommodation to a disability. For treatment of withdrawal symptoms, the medical model is defensible—the disorder has a known physiological basis, the treatment derives from that knowledge, and the treatment is reliably effective. For other aspects of addictive behavior, especially compulsive use, the model’s fit is highly questionable. The basis for the behavior is neither understood nor necessarily physiological (although drug effects have a physiological basis, that does not mean that the “cause” of their use is physiological).
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Sobell, M.B. (2007). One Way to Leave Your Lover: The Role of Treatment in Changing Addictive Behaviors. In: Klingemann, H., Sobell, L.C. (eds) Promoting Self-Change From Addictive Behaviors. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71287-1_7
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