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Genetics and Genomics of Cotton pp 69–97Cite as

The Worldwide Gene Pools of Gossypium arboreum L. and G. herbaceum L., and Their Improvement

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Part of the book series: Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models ((PGG,volume 3))

Abstract

Among the four cultivated species of Gossypium, diploid species (G. herbaceum and G. arboreum) are generally cultivated in marginal, drought prone environments of Asia due to their inherent ability to withstand drought. Diploid cottons are also known for their ability to resist sucking pests such as hoppers, white flies, thrips and aphids, and leaf curl virus. Before the spread of G. hirsutum in Asia, diploids were grown widely, but gradually replaced due to short, coarse and weak fiber and undesirable boll and plant features. These are still cultivated in traditional cotton growing areas of India, Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and Iran. India has structured genetic improvement programs aiming to improve yield potential and fiber quality of diploids. World germplasm collections are preserved in India, however, small sets of local/imported collections are also maintained in France, USA, China, and Iran. G. herbaceum has contributed the A-genome to tetraploid (AADD) cotton and is important to studying evolution of cultivated cotton and fiber related genes. The origin, evolution and distribution of A-genome diploids have been presented in this chapter along with different local types available in India. Compiled information on these important gene pools of cotton is seldom found in the literature. We made efforts to assemble valuable information on breeding efforts made in developing new genotypes or biotechnologically important diploid cotton populations.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Miss C. Madhura for help in information collection and tables, and Miss Shreya Kulkarni for proofreading. Our thanks are also to funding agencies, National Agricultural Technology Project and Technology Mission on Cotton and Mini Mission I of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India.

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  1. Senior Cotton Breeder, JK Agri-Genetics Ltd, 1-10-177, 4th Floor, Varun Towers, Begumpet, Hyderabad, India – 500 016

    Venkatesh N. Kulkarni

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  1. Venkatesh N. Kulkarni
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  2. Basavaraj M. Khadi
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  3. Manjula S. Maralappanavar
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  4. Lalitadas A. Deshapande
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  5. S. S. Narayanan
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Correspondence to Venkatesh N. Kulkarni .

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  1. Plant Genome Mapping Laboratory, University of Georgia, 111 Riverbend Road, 30602, Athens, GA, USA

    Andrew H. Paterson

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Kulkarni, V.N., Khadi, B.M., Maralappanavar, M.S., Deshapande, L.A., Narayanan, S.S. (2009). The Worldwide Gene Pools of Gossypium arboreum L. and G. herbaceum L., and Their Improvement. In: Paterson, A.H. (eds) Genetics and Genomics of Cotton. Plant Genetics and Genomics: Crops and Models, vol 3. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70810-2_4

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