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Regulation of Cytoskeletal Dynamics and Cell Morphogenesis by Abl Family Kinases

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Abl Family Kinases in Development and Disease

Part of the book series: Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit ((MBIU))

Abstract

Abelson (Abl) family nonreceptor tyrosine kinases are essential regulators of cell morphogenesis in developing metazoan organisms. Mutant animals that lack Abl kinases exhibit defects in epithelial and neuronal morphogenesis. In cultured cells, the vertebrate Abl and Abl-related gene (Arg) proteins promote formation of actin-based protrusive structures, such as filopodia and lamellipodia. Abl family kinases act as relays that coordinate changes in cytoskeletal structure in response growth factors and adhesion receptor activation. These cytoskeletal rearrangements are achieved through the ability of these kinases to control the Rho and Rac GTPases and to stimulate assembly of protein complexes that activate nucleation of actin filaments by the Arp2/3 complex. Abl and Arg also contain extended C-termini that bind directly to F-actin and microtubules and may mediate interactions between these cytoskeletal networks in cells. Arg, for instance, can promote the cooperative assembly of an F-actin-rich scaffold in cells, which may serve as a base for the elaboration of actin-rich protrusive structures in cells.

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  1. Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Department of Neurobiology, Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, SHMC-E31, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520-8024, USA

    Anthony J. Koleske Ph.D.

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Koleske, A.J. (2006). Regulation of Cytoskeletal Dynamics and Cell Morphogenesis by Abl Family Kinases. In: Abl Family Kinases in Development and Disease. Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68744-5_5

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