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The Dynamic Association of RNA Polymerase II with Initiation, Elongation, and RNA Processing Factors during the Transcription Cycle

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Abstract

The transcription of protein encoding genes by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is a complex and highly regulated process. RNAPII and several of its associated general transcription factors (GTFs), including TBP, TFIIB, TFIIF, and TFIIH are sufficient for recognition and low levels of accurate transcription from common core promoter elements in vitro (Roeder, 1996 and Orphanides et al., 1996). However, in addition to these factors necessary for basal transcription initiation, accurately regulated transcription requires additional cofactors which assemble into various complexes to mediate the communication between DNA-binding activators, as well as repressors, and RNAPII. The precise manner in which the RNAPII transcription machinery is assembled upon a region of DNA determines the ability of RNAPII to initiate the synthesis of mRNA at a specific location and with a defined frequency and processivity. The dynamic nature of the RNAPII holoenzyme and the ever-increasing number of RNAPII-associated factors being identified that regulate transcription at the levels of initiation, elongation, and processing will be discussed in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, B121, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Denver, CO, 80262

    Kristi L. Penheiter & Judith A. Jaehning

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  1. Kristi L. Penheiter
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  2. Judith A. Jaehning
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  1. Division of Developmental Biology Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA

    Jun Ma

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Penheiter, K.L., Jaehning, J.A. (2006). The Dynamic Association of RNA Polymerase II with Initiation, Elongation, and RNA Processing Factors during the Transcription Cycle. In: Ma, J. (eds) Gene Expression and Regulation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-40049-5_3

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