Skip to main content

Binding and Uptake of HIV by Dendritic Cellsand Transfer to T Lymphocytes: Implicationsfor Pathogenesis

  • Chapter
  • 560 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Annan, K.A. (2002). In Africa, AIDS has a women’s face. New York Times 29 December: 9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Auvert, B., Taljaard, D., Lagarde, E., Sobngwi-Tambekou, J., Sitta, R., and Puren, A. (2005). Randomized, controlled intervention trial of male circumcision for reduction of HIV infection risk: The ANRS 1265 Trial. PLoS Med 2:e298

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benki, S., Mostad, S.B., Richardson, B.A., Mandaliya, K., Kreiss, J.K., and Overbaugh, J. (2004). Cyclic shedding of HIV-1 RNA in cervical secretions during the menstrual cycle. J. Infect. Dis. 189:2192-2201.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernhard, O.K., Lai, J., Wilkinson, J., Sheil, M.M., and Cunningham, A.L. (2004). Proteomic analysis of DC-SIGN on dendritic cells detects tetramers required for ligand binding but no association with CD4. J. Biol. Chem. 279:51828-835.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, A.L., Turner, R.R., Miller, A.C., Para, M.F., and Merigan, T.C. (1985). Evolution of recurrent herpes simplex lesions. An immunohistologic study. J. Clin. Invest. 75:226-233.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, A.L., and Dwyer, D.E. (2004). The pathogenesis underlying the interaction of HIV and herpes simplex virus after co-infection. J. HIV Ther. 9:9-13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Engering, A., Geijtenbeek, T.B., van Vliet, S.J., Wijers, M., van Liempt, E., Demaurex, N., Lanzavecchia, A., Fransen, J., Figdor, C.G., Piguet, V., and van Kooyk, Y. (2002). The dendritic cell-specific adhesion receptor DC-SIGN internalizes antigen for presentation to T cells. J. Immunol. 168:2118-2126.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ezekowitz, R.A., Kuhlman, M., Groopman, J.E., and Byrn, R.A. (1989). A human serum mannose-binding protein inhibits in vitro infection by the human immunodeficiency virus. J. Exp. Med. 169:185-196.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Feinberg, H., Mitchell, D.A., Drickamer, K., and Weis, W.I. (2001). Structural basis for selective recognition of oligosaccharides by DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. Science 294:2163-2166.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Figdor, C.G., van Kooyk, Y., and Adema, G.J. (2002). C-type lectin receptors on dendritic cells and Langerhans cells. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2:77-84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher, P., Kiselyeva, Y., Wallace, G., Romano, J., Griffin, G., Margolis, L., and Shattock, R. (2005). The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC-781 inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human cervical tissue and dissemination by migratory cells. J. Virol. 79:11179-11186.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, I., Piatak, M. Jr., Stoessel, H., Romani, N., Bonnyay, D., Lifson, J.D., and Pope, M. (2002). Infectious and whole inactivated simian immunodeficiency viruses interact similarly with primate dendritic cells (DCs): differential intracellular fate of virions in mature and immature DCs. J. Virol. 76: 2936-2951.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frank, I., Santos, J.J., Mehlhop, E., Villamide-Herrera, L., Santisteban, C., Gettie, A., Ignatius, R., Lifson, J.D., and Pope, M. (2003). Presentation of exogenous whole inactivated simian immunodeficiency virus by mature dendritic cells induces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses. J. Acquir. Immune. Defic. Syndr. 34:7-19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fredericksen, B.L., Wei, B.L., Yao, J., Luo, T., and Garcia, J.V. (2002). Inhibition of endosomal/lysosomal degradation increases the infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus. J. Virol. 76:11440-11446.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, E., Pion, M., Pelchen-Matthews, A., Collinson, L., Arrighi, J.F., Blot, G., Leuba, F., Escola, J.M., Demaurex, N., Marsh, M., and Piguet, V. (2005). HIV-1 trafficking to the dendritic cell-T-cell infectious synapse uses a pathway of tetraspanin sorting to the immunological synapse. Traffic 6: 488-501.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gatti, E., Velleca, M.A., Biedermann, B.C., Ma, W., Unternaehrer, J., Ebersold, M.W., Medzhitov, R., Pober, J.S., and Mellman, I. (2000). Large-scale culture and selective maturation of human Langerhans cells from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized CD34+ progenitors. J. Immunol. 164: 3600-3607.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geijtenbeek, T.B., Kwon, D.S., Torensma, R., van Vliet, S.J., van Duijnhoven, G.C., Middel, J., Cornelissen, I.L., Nottet, H.S., KewalRamani, V.N., Littman, D.R., Figdor, C.G., and van Kooyk, Y. (2000). DC-SIGN, a dendritic cellspecific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells. Cell 100:587-597.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geissmann, F., Prost, C., Monnet, J.P., Dy, M., Brousse, N., and Hermine, O. (1998). Transforming growth factor beta1, in the presence of granulocyte/ macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 4, induces differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into dendritic Langerhans cells. J. Exp. Med. 187:961-966.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, H., Holschbach, C., Hunsmann, G., and Schneider, J. (1988). Carbohydrates of human immunodeficiency virus. Structures of oligosaccharides linked to the envelope glycoprotein 120. J. Biol. Chem. 263:11760-11767.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greenhead, P., Hayes, P., Watts, P.S., Laing, K.G., Griffin, G.E., and Shattock, R.J. (2000). Parameters of human immunodeficiency virus infection of human cervical tissue and inhibition by vaginal virucides. J. Virol. 74:5577-5586.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hladik, F., Lentz, G., Akridge, R.E., Peterson, G., Kelley, H., McElroy, A., and McElrath, M.J. (1999). Dendritic cell-T-cell interactions support coreceptorindependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission in the human genital tract. J. Virol. 73:5833-5842.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, J., Gardner, M.B., and Miller, C.J. (2000). Simian immunodeficiency virus rapidly penetrates the cervicovaginal mucosa after intravaginal inoculation and infects intraepithelial dendritic cells. J. Virol. 74:6087-6095.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, Q., Frank, I., Williams, V., Santos, J.J., Watts, P., Griffin, G.E., Moore, J.P., Pope, M., and Shattock, R.J. (2004). Blockade of attachment and fusion receptors inhibits HIV-1 infection of human cervical tissue. J. Exp. Med. 199:1065-1075.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jaksits, S., Kriehuber, E., Charbonnier, A.S., Rappersberger, K., Stingl, G., and Maurer, D. (1999). CD34+ cell-derived CD14+ precursor cells develop into Langerhans cells in a TGF-beta 1-dependent manner. J. Immunol. 163: 4869-4877.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawamura, T., Cohen, S.S., Borris, D.L., Aquilino, E.A., Glushakova, S., Margolis, L.B., Orenstein, J.M., Offord, R.E., Neurath, A.R., and Blauvelt, A. (2000). Candidate microbicides block HIV-1 infection of human immature Langerhans cells within epithelial tissue explants. J. Exp. Med. 192: 1491-1500.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kery, V., Krepinsky, J.J., Warren, C.D., Capek, P., and Stahl, P.D. (1992). Ligand recognition by purified human mannose receptor. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 298:49-55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kwon, D.S., Gregorio, G., Bitton, N., Hendrickson, W.A., and Littman, D.R. (2002). DC-SIGN-medicated internalization of HIV is required for transenhancement of T-cell infection. Immunity 16:135-144.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lederman, M.M., Veazey, R.S., Offord, R., Mosier, D.E., Dufour, J., Mefford, M., Piatak, M. Jr., Lifson, J.D., Salkowitz, J.R., Rodriguez, B., Blauvelt, A., Hartley, O. (2004). Prevention of vaginal SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques through inhibition of CCR5. Science 306:485-487.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, B., Leslie, G., Soilleux, E., O’Doherty, U., Baik, S., Levroney, E., Flummerfelt, K., Swiggard, W., Coleman, N., Malim, M., Doms, R.W. (2001). Cis expression of DC-SIGN allows for more efficient entry of human and simian immunodeficiency viruses via CD4 and a coreceptor. J. Virol. 75:12028-12038.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, C.L., Sewell, A.K., Gao, G.F., Whelan, K.T., Phillips, R.E., Austyn, J.M. (2000). Macrophage-tropic HIV induces and exploits dendritic cell chemotaxis. J. Exp. Med. 192:587-594.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lore, K., Smed-Sorensen, A., Vasudevan, J., Mascola, J.R., and Koup, R.A. (2005). Myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells transfer HIV-1 preferentially to antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. J. Exp. Med. 201:2023-2033.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, K.P., Munster, D.J., Clark, G.J., Dzionek, A., Schmitz, J., and Hart, D.N. (2002). Characterization of human blood dendritic cell subsets. Blood 100:4512-4520.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marx, P.A., Spira, A.I., Gettie, A., Dailey, P.J., Veazey, R.S., Lackner, A.A., Mahoney, C.J., Miller, C.J., Claypool, L.E., Ho, D.D., and Alexander, N.J. (1996). Progesterone implants enhance SIV vaginal transmission and early virus load. Nat. Med. 2:1084-1089.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, D., Wu, L., Bohks, S.M., KewalRamani, V.N., Unutmaz, D., and Hope, T.J. (2003). Recruitment of HIV and its receptors to dendritic cell-T cell junctions. Science 300:1295-1297.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mehlhop, E., Villamide, L.A., Frank, I., Gettie, A., Santisteban, C., Messmer, D., Ignatius, R., Lifson, J.D., and Pope, M. (2002). Enhanced in vitro stimulation of rhesus macaque dendritic cells for activation of SIV-specific T cell responses. J. Immunol. Methods 260:219-234.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, C.J., Li, Q., Abel, K., Kim, E.Y., Ma, Z.M., Wietgrefe, S., La Franco-Scheuch, L., Compton, L., Duan, L., Shore, M.D., Zupancic, M., Busch, M., Carlis, J., Wolinsky, S., and Haase, A.T. (2005). Propagation and dissemination of infection after vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus. J. Virol. 79:9217-9227.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mohamadzadeh, M., Berard, F., Essert, G., Chalouni, C., Pulendran, B., Davoust, J., Bridges, G., Palucka, A.K., and Banchereau, J. (2001). Interleukin 15 skews monocyte differentiation into dendritic cells with features of Langerhans cells. J. Exp. Med. 194:1013-1020.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, J.P. (2005). Topical microbicides become topical. N. Engl. J. Med. 352:298-300.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nguyen, D.G., and Hildreth, J.E. (2003). Involvement of macrophage mannose receptor in the binding and transmission of HIV by macrophages. Eur. J. Immunol. 33:483-493.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nobile, C., Moris, A., Porrot, F., Sol-Foulon, N., and Schwartz, O. (2003). Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Env-mediated fusion by DC-SIGN. J. Virol. 77:5313-5323.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Osugi, Y., Vuckovic, S., and Hart, D.N. (2002). Myeloid blood CD11c(+) dendritic cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells differ in their ability to stimulate T lymphocytes. Blood 100:2858-2866.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parr, M.B., and Parr, E.L. (1991). Langerhans cells and T lymphocyte subsets in the murine vagina and cervix. Biol. Reprod. 44:491-498.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peretti, S., Schiavoni, I., Pugliese, K., and Federico, M. (2006). Selective elimination of HIV-1-infected cells by Env-directed, HIV-1-based virus-like particles. Virology 345:115-126.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poignard, P., Saphire, E.O., Parren, P.W., and Burton, D.R. (2001). gp120: Biologic aspects of structural features. Ann. Rev. Immunol. 19:253-274.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Popov, S., Chenine, A.L., Gruber, A., Li, P.L., and Ruprecht, R.M. (2005). Long-term productive human immunodeficiency virus infection of CD1a-sorted myeloid dendritic cells. J. Virol. 79:602-608.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Randolph, G.J., Inaba, K., Robbiani, D.F., Steinman, R.M., and Muller, W.A. (1999). Differentiation of phagocytic monocytes into lymph node dendritic cells in vivo. Immunity 11:753-761.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rescigno, M., Urbano, M., Valzasina, B., Francolini, M., Rotta, G., Bonario, R., Granucci, F., Kraehenbuhl, J.P., Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P. (2001). Dendritic cells express tight junction proteins and penetrate gut epithelial monolayers to sample bacteria. Nat. Immunol. 2:361-367.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, S.J., Risbud, A.R., Shepherd, M.E., Zenilman, J.M., Brookmeyer, R.S., Paranjape, R.S., Divekar, A.D., Gangakhedkar, R.R., Ghate, M.V., Bollinger, R.C., Mehendale, S.M. (2003). Recent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 acquisition in India. J. Infect. Dis. 87:1513-1521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romani, N., Gruner, S., Brang, D., Kampgen, E., Lenz, A., Trockenbacher, B., Konwalinka, G., Fritsch, P.O., Steinman, R.M., and Schuler, G. (1994). Proliferating dendritic cell progenitors in human blood. J. Exp. Med. 180: 83-93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sallusto, F., and Lanzavecchia, A. (1994). Efficient presentation of soluble antigen by cultured human dendritic cells is maintained by granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin 4 and downregulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha. J. Exp. Med. 179:1109-1118.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sallusto, F., Cella, M., Danieli, C., and Lanzavecchia, A. (1995). Dendritic cells use macropinocytosis and the mannose receptor to concentrate macromolecules in the major histocompatibility complex class II compartment: downregulation by cytokines and bacterial products. J. Exp. Med. 182:389-400.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sewell, A.K., and Price, D.A. (2001). Dendritic cells and transmission of HIV-1. Trends Immunol. 22:173-175.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shattock, R.J., and Moore, J.P. (2003). Inhibiting sexual transmission of HIV-1 infection. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 1:25-34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S.M., Baskin, G.B., and Marx, P.A. (2000). Estrogen protects against vaginal transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus. J. Infect. Dis. 182:708-715.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S.M., Mefford, M., Sodora, D., Klase, Z., Singh, M., Alexander, N., Hess, D., and Marx, P.A. (2004). Topical estrogen protects against SIV vaginal transmission without evidence of systemic effect. AIDS 18:1637-1643.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sodora, D.L., Gettie, A., Miller, C.J., and Marx, P.A. (1998). Vaginal transmission of SIV: assessing infectivity and hormonal influences in macaques inoculated with cell-free and cell-associated viral stocks. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 14 Suppl 1:S119-23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soilleux, E.J., Morris, L.S., Leslie, G., Chehimi, J., Luo, Q., Levroney, E., Trowsdale, J., Montaner, L.J., Doms, R.W., Weissman, D., Coleman, N., and Lee, B. (2002). Constitutive and induced expression of DC-SIGN on dendritic cell and macrophage subpopulations in situ and in vitro. J. Leukoc. Biol. 71:445-457.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stahl, P.D., and Ezekowitz, R.A. (1998). The mannose receptor is a pattern recognition receptor involved in host defense. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 10:50-55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stambach, N.S., and Taylor, M.E. (2003). Characterization of carbohydrate recognition by langerin, a C-type lectin of Langerhans cells. Glycobiology 13:401-410.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, G.J., Tyler, J.P., Cunningham, A.L., Barr, J.A., Driscoll, G.L., Gold, J., and Lamont, B.J. (1985). Transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) by artificial insemination by donor. Lancet 2:581-585.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strunk, D., Rappersberger, K., Egger, C., Strobl, H., Kromer, E., Elbe, A., Maurer, D., and Stingl, G. (1996). Generation of human dendritic cells/Langerhans cells from circulating CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. Blood 87:1292- 1302.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Su, S.V., Gurney, K.B., and Lee, B. (2003). Sugar and spice: viral envelope-DC-SIGN interactions in HIV pathogenesis. Curr. HIV Res. 1:87-99.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, M.E., Drickamer, K. (1993). Structural requirements for high affinity binding of complex ligands by the macrophage mannose receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 268:399-404.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tchou, I., Sabido, O., Lambert, C., Misery, L., Garraud, O., and Genin, C. (2003). Technique for obtaining highly enriched, quiescent immature Langerhans cells suitable for ex vivo assays. Immunol. Lett. 86:7-14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai, C.C., Emau, P., Jiang, Y., Tian, B., Morton, W.R., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. (2003). Cyanovirin-N gel as a topical microbicide prevents rectal transmission of SHIV89.6P in macaques. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 19:535-541.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai, C.C., Emau, P., Jiang, Y., Agy, M.B., Shattock, R.J., Schmidt, A., Morton, W.R., Gustafson, K.R., and Boyd, M.R. (2004). Cyanovirin-N inhibits AIDS virus infections in vaginal transmission models. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 20:11-18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turville, S.G., Arthos, J., Donald, K.M., Lynch, G., Naif, H., Clark, G., Hart, D., Cunningham, A.L. (2001). HIV gp120 receptors on human dendritic cells. Blood 98:2482-2488.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turville, S.G., Cameron P.U., Handley, A., Lin, G., Pöhlmann, S., Doms, R.W., and Cunningham, A.L. (2002). Diversity of receptor binding HIV on dendritic cell subsets. Nat. Immunol. 3:975-983.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turville, S.G., Wilkinson, J., Cameron, P.U., Dable, J., and Cunningham, A.L. (2003). The role of dendritic cell C-type lectin receptors in HIV pathogenesis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 74:710-718.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turville, S.G., Santos, J.J., Frank, I., Cameron, P.U., Wilkinson, J., Miranda-Saksena, M., Dable, J., Stossel, H., Romani, N., Piatak, M. Jr., Lifson, J.D., Pope, M., Cunningham, A.L. (2004). Dendritic cells internalize and transfer immunodeficiency viruses to CD4+ lymphocytes in two distinct phases. Blood 103: 2170-2179.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turville, S.G., Vermeire, K., Balzarini, J., and Schols, D. (2005). Sugar-binding proteins potently inhibit dendritic cell human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and dendritic-cell-directed HIV-1 transfer. J. Virol. 79:13519-13527.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valladeau, J., Ravel, O., Dezutter-Dambuyant, C., Moore, K., Kleijmeer, M., Liu,Y., Duvert-Frances, V., Vincent, C., Schmitt, D., Davoust, J., Caux, C., Lebecque, S., and Saeland, S. (2000). Langerin, a novel C-type lectin specific to Langerhans cells, is an endocytic receptor that induces the formation of Birbeck granules. Immunity 12:71-81.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Kooyk, Y., and Geijtenbeek, T.B. (2003). DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3:697-709.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Veazey, R.S., Shattock, R.J., Pope, M., Kirijan, J.C., Jones, J., Hu, Q., Ketas, T., Marx, P.A., Klasse, P.J., Burton, D.R., and Moore, J.P. (2003). Prevention of virus transmission to macaque monkeys by a vaginally applied monoclonal antibody to HIV-1 gp120. Nat. Med. 9:343-346.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wald, A. (2004). Synergistic interactions between herpes simplex virus type-2 and human immunodeficiency virus epidemics. Herpes 11:70-76.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, J. and Cunningham, A.L. (2006). Mucosal transmission of HIV-1: first stop dendritic cells. Curr. Drug. Targets (still in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, X., Borchers, C., Bienstock, R.J., and Tomer, K.B. (2000). Mass spectrometric characterization of the glycosylation pattern of HIV-gp120 expressed in CHO cells. Biochemistry 39:11194-11204.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cunningham, A.L., Wilkinson, J., Turville, S., Pope, M. (2007). Binding and Uptake of HIV by Dendritic Cellsand Transfer to T Lymphocytes: Implicationsfor Pathogenesis. In: Gessani, S., Belardelli, F. (eds) The Biology of Dendritic Cells and HIV Infection. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-33785-2_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics