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Stress-Induced Microglia Activation and Monocyte Trafficking to the Brain Underlie the Development of Anxiety and Depression

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Book cover Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences ((CTBN,volume 31))

Abstract

Psychosocial stress is capable of causing immune dysregulation and increased neuroinflammatory signaling by repeated activation of the neuroendocrine and autonomic systems that may contribute to the development of anxiety and depression. The stress model of repeated social defeat (RSD) recapitulates many of the stress-driven alterations in the neuroimmune system seen in humans experiencing repeated forms of stress and associated affective disorders. For example, RSD-induced neuronal and microglia activation corresponds with sympathetic outflow to the peripheral immune system and increased ability of bone marrow derived myeloid progenitor cells (MPC) to redistribute throughout the body, including to the central nervous system (CNS), reinforcing stress-associated behaviors. An overview of the neuroendocrine, immunological, and behavioral stress-induced responses will be reviewed in this chapter using RSD to illustrate the mechanisms leading to stress-related alterations in inflammation in both the periphery and CNS, and stress-related changes in behavioral responses.

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Acknowledgement

We want to thank Dr. Michael Weber for his critical reading of the manuscript. These studies were supported by NIH grants R01-MH093473 and R01-MH097243 to JFS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica

    Karol Ramirez

  2. Neuroscience Research Center, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica

    Karol Ramirez & Jaime Fornaguera-Trías

  3. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro, San José, 11501-2060, Costa Rica

    Jaime Fornaguera-Trías

  4. Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University College of Dentistry, 182357, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    John F. Sheridan

  5. Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    John F. Sheridan

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  1. Karol Ramirez
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  2. Jaime Fornaguera-Trías
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Correspondence to John F. Sheridan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA

    Robert Dantzer

  2. Nutrition and Integrative Neurobiology, INRA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France

    Lucile Capuron

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Ramirez, K., Fornaguera-Trías, J., Sheridan, J.F. (2016). Stress-Induced Microglia Activation and Monocyte Trafficking to the Brain Underlie the Development of Anxiety and Depression. In: Dantzer, R., Capuron, L. (eds) Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, vol 31. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_25

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