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Role of P2Y12 Receptor in Thrombosis

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Thrombosis and Embolism: from Research to Clinical Practice

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AIM,volume 906))

Abstract

P2Y12 receptor is a 342 amino acid Gi-coupled receptor predominantly expressed on platelets. P2Y12 receptor is physiologically activated by ADP and inhibits adenyl cyclase (AC) to decrease cyclic AMP (cAMP) level, resulting in platelet aggregation. It also activates PI3 kinase (PI3K) pathway leading to fibrinogen receptor activation, and may protect platelets from apoptosis. Abnormalities of P2Y12 receptor include congenital deficiencies or high activity in diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), exposing such patients to a prothrombotic condition. A series of clinical antiplatelet drugs, such as clopidogrel and ticagrelor, are designed as indirect or direct antagonists of P2Y12 receptor to reduce incidence of thrombosis mainly for patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are at high risk of thrombotic events. Studies on novel dual-/multi-target antiplatelet agents consider P2Y12 receptor as a promising part in combined targets. However, the clinical practical phenomena, such as “clopidogrel resistance” due to gene variations of cytochrome P450 or P2Y12 receptor constitutive activation, call for better antiplatelet agents. Researches also showed inverse agonist of P2Y12 receptor could play a better role over neutral antagonists. Personalized antiplatelet therapy is the most ideal destination for antiplatelet therapy in ACS patients with or without other underlying diseases like DM or CKD, however, there is still a long way to go.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Yaqi Zhang

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Si Zhang & Zhongren Ding

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  1. Yaqi Zhang
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  2. Si Zhang
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Correspondence to Zhongren Ding .

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  1. Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Md. Shahidul Islam

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Zhang, Y., Zhang, S., Ding, Z. (2016). Role of P2Y12 Receptor in Thrombosis. In: Islam, M. (eds) Thrombosis and Embolism: from Research to Clinical Practice. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 906. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2016_123

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