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Cell Biology of the Axon pp 265–290Cite as

Actin in Axons: Stable Scaffolds and Dynamic Filaments

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Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 48))

Abstract

Actin filaments are thin polymers of the 42 kD protein actin. In mature axons a network of subaxolemmal actin filaments provide stability for membrane integrity and a substrate for short distance transport of cargos. In developing neurons dynamic regulation of actin polymerization and organization mediates axonal morphogenesis and axonal pathfinding to synaptic targets. Other changes in axonal shape, collateral branching, branch retraction, and axonal regeneration, also depend on actin filament dynamics. Actin filament organization is regulated by a diversity of actin-binding proteins (ABP). ABP are the focus of complex extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways, and many neurological pathologies and dysfunctions arise from defective regulation of ABP function.

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Acknowledgments

The preparation of this chapter and the author’s research have been generously supported by the NIH (HD019950), NSF, and the Minnesota Medical Foundation. Dr. Gianluca Gallo provided valuable comments on the text, and Dr. Lorene Lanier generously provided images for Fig. 2.

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  1. Department of Neuroscience, 6–145 Jackson Hall, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Paul C. Letourneau

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    Edward Koenig

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Letourneau, P.C. (2009). Actin in Axons: Stable Scaffolds and Dynamic Filaments. In: Koenig, E. (eds) Cell Biology of the Axon. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 48. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/400_2009_15

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