Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Continuous culture of plant cells using the chemostat principle

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Biochemical Engineering, Volume 16

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering ((ABE,volume 16))

Abstract

Whereas plant cells have been grown as batch cultures for many years the application of continuous culture methods is relatively very new. this article considers how the design of a plant cell chemostat is influenced by the special growth and morphological characteristics of plant cells. the achievement of steady-state growth enabled the application of kinetic models earlier developed with microorganisms. the advantages of chemostat culture in enabling the distinction between effects of growth rate and effects of growth-limiting substrate allows the identification of factors influencing cell composition and cell metabolism with a precision unobtainable in batch culture. some further potential applications of steady-state studies with plant cells are outlined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

7 References

  1. Barz, W., Reinhart, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.): Plant Tissue Culture and its Biotechnological Application. Proc. 1st Intern. Congr. on Medic. Plant, Res., Sect. B. Proc. Life Sciences, Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bligny, R.: Growth of Suspension Cultured Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells in Automatic culture units of large volume. Plant Physiol. 59, 502 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Butenko, R. G.: The cultivation of higher plant cells in suspension culture. Akad. Nauk. SSSR Ser. Biol. 5, 697 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Campbell, A.: Synchronisation of Cell Division. Bact. Rev. 21, 263 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Constabel, F., Shyluk, J. P., Gamborg, O. L.: The effect of hormones on anthocyanin accumulation in cell cultures of Haplopappus gracilis. Planta 96, 306 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Demain, A. L.: Cellular and environmental factors affecting the synthesis and excretion of metabolites. J. Appl. Chem. Biotechnol. 22, 345 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fowler, M. W., Clifton, A.: Activities of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in cells of Acer pseudoplatanus L., maintained in continuous (chemostat) culture. Eur. J. Biochem. 45, 445 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Fowler, M. W.: Continuous (chemostat) culture of plant cells using the L.K.B. Ultraferm fermentation system. L.K.B. Application Note 252 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Fowler, M. W.: Growth on cell cultures under chemostat conditions. In: Plant Tissue Culture and its Biotechnological Application. Barz, W., Reinert, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.), 253. Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gould, A. R., Bayliss, M. W., Street, H. E.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XVII. Analysis of the cell cycle of asynchronously dividing Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells in suspension cultures. J. exp. Bot. 25, 468 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Henshaw, G. G., Jha, K. K., Mechta, A. P., Shakeshaft, D. J., Street, H. E.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. I. Growth patterns in batch propagated suspension cultures. J. exp. Bot. 17, 362 (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hahlbrock, K.: Correlation between nitrate uptake, growth and changes in metabolic activities of cultured plant cells. In: Tissue Culture and Plant Science. Street, H. E. (Ed.), 363. London & New York: Academic Press 1974

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hahlbrock, K.: Regulatory aspects of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in cell cultures. In: Plant Tissue Culture and its Bio-technological Application. Barz, W., Reinhart, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.), 95. Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  14. Herbert, D.: The chemical composition of microorganisms as a function of their environment. Symp. Soc. Gen. Microbiol. 11, 391 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Herbert, D., Elsworth, R., Telling, R. C: The continuous culture of bacteria: a theoretical and experimental study. J. Gen. Microbiol. 14 (8), 501 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Holme, T.: Continuous culture studies on glycogen synthesis in Escherichia coli B. Acta Chem. Scand. 11, 763 (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kato, K., Shiozawa, Y., Yamada, A., Nishida, K., Noguchi, M.: A jar fermenter culture of Nicotiana tabacum cell suspension. Agr. Biol. Chem. 36, 899 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kato, A., Shimizu, Y., Nagai, S.: Effect of initial K L a on the growth of tobacco cells in batch culture. J. Ferment. Technol. 53 (10), 744 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kato, A., Kawazoe, S., Iijima, M., Shimizu, Y.: Continuous culture of tobacco cells. J. Ferment. Technol. 54 (2), 82(1976)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kato, K., Kawazoe, S., Yoshihiko, S.: Viscosity of the broth of tobacco cells in suspension culture. J. Ferment. Technol. 56 (3), 224 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  21. King, J.: Growth characteristics of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells grown in chemostat conditions in the presence of urea alone as a source of nitrogen. Plant Science Letters 6, 409 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  22. King, P. J., Mansfield, K. J., Street, H. E.: Control of growth and metabolism of cultured plant cells. Can. J. Bot. 51, 1807 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  23. King, P. J.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XX. Utilisation of 2,4-Dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid by steady-state cell cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus L. J. exp. Bot. 27, 100, 1053 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  24. King, P. J.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XXII. Growth limitation by nitrate and glucose in chemostat cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus L. J. exp. Bot. 28 (102), 142 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kurz, W. G. W.: A chemostat for growing higher plant cells in single cell suspension cultures. Exp. Cell Res. 64, 476 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Leguay, J. J., Guern, J.: Quantitative effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on growth of suspension cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells. Plant Physiol. 56, 356 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Monod, J.: Reserches sur la croissance des cultures bacteriennes. Paris: Hermann & Co., 1942

    Google Scholar 

  28. Monod, J.: The growth of bacterial cultures. Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 3, 371 (1949)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Monod, J.: La technique de culture continuee. Théorie et application. Paris: Ann. Inst. Pasteur 79, 390 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Murashigi, T., Skoog, F.: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia P1. 15, 743 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Nash, D. T., Da vies, M. E.: Some aspects of growth and metabolism of Pauls Scarlet rose cell suspensions. J. Exp. Bot. 23, 75 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Noguchi, M., Matsumoto, T., Hirata, Y., Yamamoto, K., Katsuyama, A., Kato, A., Azechi, S., Kato, K.: Improvements of growth rates of plant cell cultures. In: Plant Tissue Culture and its Biotechnological Application. Barz, W., Reinhart, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.), 85. Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  33. Novick, A., Szilard, L.: Description of the chemostat. Science N.Y. 112, 715 (1950)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Nickell, L. G., Tulecke, W.: Submerged growth of cells of higher plants. J. Biochem. Microbiol Tech. and Eng. 2, 287 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Pirt, S. J., Callow, D. S.: Studies of the growth of Penicillium chrysogenum in continuous flow culture with reference to Penicillin production. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 23 (1), 87 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Pirt, S. J.: Steady state processes for cell growth and product formation. Microbial Physiology and Continuous Culture 3rd Int. Symp., p. 162 H.M.S.O. 1967

    Google Scholar 

  37. Pirt, S. J.: Prospects and problems in continuous flow culture of microorganisms. J. Appl. Chem Biotechnol. 22, 55 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Pirt, S. J.: Principles of microbe and cell cultivation. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications 1975

    Google Scholar 

  39. Postgate, J. R., Hunter, J. R.: The survival of starved bacteria. J. Gen. Microbiol. 29, 233 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Powell, E. O.: The analogy between batch and continuous culture. Microbiol Physiology and Continuous Culture 3rd Int. Symp., p. 209 H.M.S.O. 1967

    Google Scholar 

  41. Puhan, Z., Martin, S. M.: The industrial potential of plant cell culture. Progress in Industrial Microbiology. Hockenhall, D.J.D., Clowes, W. (Eds.), Vol. 9, p. 13. London, Colchester, Beccles 1971

    Google Scholar 

  42. Robinson, P. M., Smith, J. M.: Morphogenesis and Growth kinetics of Geotrichum candidum in continuous culture. Trans. Br. mycol. Soc. 66 (3) 413–420 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Rose, D., Martin, S. M., Clay, P. P. F.: Metabolic rates for major nutrients in suspension cultures of plant cells. Can. J. Bot. 50, 1301 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Rose, D., Martin, S. M.: Parameters for growth measurement in suspension cultures of plant cells. Can. J. Bot. 52, 903 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Street, H. E.: Applications of cell suspension cultures. In: Applied and Fundamental Aspects of Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. Reinert, J., Bajaj, Y.P.S. (Eds.), p. 649. Berlin: Springer 1976

    Google Scholar 

  46. Street, H. E.: (Ed.) Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications 1977

    Google Scholar 

  47. Sikyta, B., Slezak, J., Herold, M.: Continuous chlortetracycline fermentation in continuous cultivation of microorganisms. Malek, I., Beran, K., Hospodta, J. (Eds.). Prague, Nakladatelstvi Ceskoslovonske Akademie Ved. 1964

    Google Scholar 

  48. Tabata, M.: Recent advances in the production of medicinal substances by plant cell cultures. In: Plant Tissue Culture and its Bio-technological Application. Barz, W., Reinhart, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.), p. 3. Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  49. Tempest, D. W.: The place of continuous culture in microbiological research. Adv. Microbiol. Physiol. 4, 223 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Verma, D., Van Huystee, R.: Derivation characteristics and large scale culture of a cell line from Arachis hypogeae L. cotyledons. Expl. Cell Res. 69, 402 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Vogelmann, H., Bishof, D., Pape, D., Wagner, F.: Some aspects on mass cultivation. In: Production of Natural Compounds by Cell Culture Methods. Alfermann, A. W., Reinert, E. (Eds.). Muenchen: Gesellshaft fur Strahlen und Umweltforschung mbH, 1978

    Google Scholar 

  52. Wagner, F., Vogelmann, H.: Cultivation of plant tissue cultures in bioreactors and formation of secondary metabolites. In: Plant Tissue Culture and Its Biotechnological Application. Barz, W., Reinhart, E., Zenk, M. H. (Eds.), p. 245. Berlin: Springer 1977

    Google Scholar 

  53. Wilson, G.: The nutrition and differentiation of cells of Acer pseudoplatanus L. in suspension culture. Ph. D. thesis, University of Birmingham, England 1971

    Google Scholar 

  54. Wilson, G.: A simple and inexpensive design of chemostat enabling steady-state growth of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells under phosphate limited conditions. Ann. Bot. 40, 919 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Wilson, G., Marron, P.: Growth and anthraquinone biosynthesis by Galium mollugo L. cells in batch and chemostat culture. J. exp. Bot. 29 (111), 837 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Wilson, G.: Growth and product formation in large-scale and continuous culture systems. Frontiers in Plant Tissue Culture, b. Thorpe, T., (Ed.), p. 169. Pub. Int. Assn. Plant Tissue Culture 1978

    Google Scholar 

  57. Wilson, S. B., King, P. J., Street, H. E.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XII. A versatile system for the large-scale batch or continuous culture of plant cell suspensions. J. exp. Bot. 22 (70) 177 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  58. Withers, L. A.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XXI. Fine structural features of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells responding to 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid withdrawal in turbidostat culture. J. exp. Bot. 27 (100), 1073 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Yeoman, M. M., Macleod, A. J.: Tissue (callus) cultures — techniques. In: Plant Tissue and Cell Culture. Street (Ed.), p. 31. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific 1977

    Google Scholar 

  60. Yasuda, S., Satoh, K., Ishii, T., Furuya, T.: Studies on the cultural conditions of plant cell suspension culture. Proc. IV, IFS Ferment. Technol. Today, p. 697 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  61. Young, M.: Studies on the growth in culture of plant cells. XVI. Nitrogen assimilation during nitrogen limited growth of Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells in chemostat culture. J. exp. Bot. 24 (83), 1172(1973)

    Google Scholar 

  62. Zenk, M. H., El Shagi, H., Schulte, U.: Anthraquinone production by cell suspension cultures of Morinda citrifolia. Planta med. (Suppl.), p. 79 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  63. Zenk, M. H.: The impact of plant cell culture on industry. In: Frontiers of Plant Tissue Culture. Thorpe (Ed.), p. 1. Pub. Int. Ass. Plant Tissue Culture 1978

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland

    G. Wilson

Authors
  1. G. Wilson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

A. Fiechter

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wilson, G. (1980). Continuous culture of plant cells using the chemostat principle. In: Fiechter, A. (eds) Advances in Biochemical Engineering, Volume 16. Advances in Biochemical Engineering, vol 16. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3540098070_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3540098070_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-09807-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-38965-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation