Abstract
Today almost all database systems use B-trees as their main access method. One of the main drawbacks of the classical B-tree is, however, that it works well only for one-dimensional data In this paper we present a new access structure, called UB-tree (for universal B-tree) for multidimensional data. The UB-tree is balanced and has all the guaranteed performance characteristics of B-trees, i.e. it requires linear space for storage and logarithmic time for the basic operations of INSERT FIND DELETE. In addition the UB-tree has the fundamental property, that it preserves clustering of objects w.r. to Cartesian distance. Therefore, the UB-tree shows its main strengths for multidimensional data. It has very high potential for parallel processing. With the new method, a single UB-tree can replace an arbitrary number of secondary indexes. For updates this means that only one UB-tree must be managed instead of several secondary indexes. This reduces runtime and storage requirements substantially. For queries and in particular range queries the UB-tree has multiplicative complexity instead of the additive complexity of multiple secondary indexes. This results in dramatic performance improvements over secondary indexes.
The UB-tree is obviously useful for geometric databases, datawarehousing and datamining applications, but even more for databases in general, where multiple secondary indexes are widespread, which can all be replaced by a single UB-tree index.
Patent pending: Deutsches Patentamt Nr. 196 35 429.3
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Bayer: The Universal B-Tree for multidimensional Indexing. Technical Report Nr. 19639, see also URL
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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Bayer, R. (1997). The universal B-tree for multidimensional indexing: General concepts. In: Masuda, T., Masunaga, Y., Tsukamoto, M. (eds) Worldwide Computing and Its Applications. WWCA 1997. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1274. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63343-X_48
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63343-X_48
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