Skip to main content
  • 1132 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Alberti KGMM (1974) Diabetic ketoacidosis.Aspects of management. In: Ledingham JG (ed) Tenth Advances Medicine Symposium. Pitman Medical, Tunbridge Wells, p 68

    Google Scholar 

  • Al Khawari M, Shaltout A, Qabazard M et al.(1997) Incidence and severity of ketoacidosis in childhood-onset diabetes in Kuwait. Kuwait Diabetes Study Group. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 35(2–3): 123–128

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arieff AI, Guisado R, Lazarowitz VC (1977) Pathophysiology of hyperosmolar states. In:Andreoli TE, Grantham JJ, Rector SCJr Disturbances in body fluids. S.227. Bethesda MD Amer Physiol Soc

    Google Scholar 

  • Assal JP, Aoki TT, Manzano FM, Kozak GP (1974) Metabolic effects of sodium bicarbonate in management of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes 23: 405–411

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bello FA, Sotos FJ (1990) Cerebral oedema in diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Lancet 336: 64

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bereczki D, Liu M, do Prado GF, Fekete I (2001) Mannitol for acute stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1: CD001153

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Betts PR, Logatchow M, Volkov I et al.(1999) An assessment of pediatric diabetes care in three centers in Russia and Southampton UK. Diabet Med 16: 772–778

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brodehl J (1978) Die Therapie der akuten Dehydratation. Mschr Kinderheilk 126: 531–539

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bui T, Werther G et al.(2002) Trends in diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood and adolescence: a 15-yr experience. Pediatric Diabetes 3: 82–88

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burger W, Weber B (1983) Behandlung der diabetischen Ketoazidose bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Mschr Kinderheilk 131: 694–701

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cummings E, Lawrence S et al.(2003) “Cerebral edema (CE)in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)in Canada.” Diabetes 52: A400 (abstract)

    Google Scholar 

  • Curtis JR, To T, Muirhead S, Cummings E, Daneman D (2002) Recent trends in hospitalization for diabetic ketoacidosis in ontario children. Diabetes Care 25: 1591–1596

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunger DB, Sperling MA, Acerini CL et al. — European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology; Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society (2004) European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology/Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society consensus statement on diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 113: e133–140 und Arch Dis Child 89: 188-194

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Edge JA, Ford-Adams ME, Dunger DB (1999) Causes of death in children with insulin dependent diabetes 1990–1996. Arch Dis Child 81: 318–323

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edge JA, Hawkins MM, Winter DL, Dunger DB (2001) The risk and outcome of cerebral oedema developing during diabetic ketoacidosis. Arch Dis Child 85: 16–22

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elamin A, Altahir H, Ismail B, Tuvemo T (1992) Clinical pattern of childhood type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in the Sudan. Diabetologia 35: 645–648

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feig PU, McCurdy DK (1977) The hypertonic state. New Engl J Med 297: 1444

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Felner EI, White PC (2001) Improving management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Pediatrics 108: 735–740

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin B, Liu J, Ginsberg-Fellner F (1982) Cerebral edema and ophthalmoplegia reversed by mannitol in a new case of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Pediatrics 69: 87–90

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gamba G, Oseguera J, Castrejon M et al.(1991) Bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis: a double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial. Rev Invest Clin 43: 234–238

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gessesse M, Chali D, Wolde-Tensai B, Ergete W (2001) Rhinocerebral mucomycosis in an 11-year-old boy. Ethiop Med J 39: 341–348

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glaser N, Barnett P, McCaslin I et al. — Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics (2001) Risk factors for cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics. N Engl J Med 344: 264–269

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Green SM, Rothrock SG, Ho JD, Gallant RD, Borger R, Thomas TL, Zimmerman GJ (1998) Failure of adjunctive bicarbonate to improve outcome in severe pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Emerg Med 31: 41–48

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hale PJ, Crase J, Nattrass M (1984) Metabolic effects of bicarbonate in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. BMJ 289: 1035–1038

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hanas R (2002) Outcome of ketoacidosis in children and adolescents in Sweden 1999–2000. Präsentation “Swedish Pediatric Society’ s meeting Oct 2003 ”

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris GD, Fiordalisi I (1994) Physiologic management of diabetic ketoacidemia. A 5-year prospective pediatric experience in 231 episodes. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 148: 1046–1052

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris GD, Fiordalisi I, Harris WL, Mosovich LL, Finberg L (1990) Minimizing the risk of brain herniation during treatment of diabetic ketoacidemia:a retrospective and prospective study. J Pediatr 117 (1 Pt 1): 22–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman WH, Casanova MF, Bauza JA, Passmore GG, Sekul EA (1999) Computer analysis of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in children and adolescents after treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. J Diabetes Complications 13: 176–181

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hogan GR, Gill SR, Master S (1965) On the pathogenesis of seizures occurring during rehydration in chronic hypertonic dehydration. Trans.Amer.neurol.Ass. 90: 257

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holliday M, Kalayci MN, Harrah J (1968) Factors that limit brain volume changes in response to acute and sustained hyper-and hyponatremia. J clin Invest 47: 1916

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD), International Diabetes Federation World Health Organisation (2000) Consensus guidelines for the management of insulin-dependent (type I) diabetes mellitus (IDDM)in childhood and adolescence. PGF Swift.Publ. Medforum (ed), Zeist, Niederlande. http://www.ispad.org, deutsche Fassung:http://www.disetronic.de/download/0701_B_ISPAD.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamat P, Vats A, Gross M, Checchia PA (2003) Use of hypertonic saline for the treatment of altered mental status associated with diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatr Crit Care Med 4: 239–242

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kapellen TM, Galler A, Nietzschmann U, Schille R, Kiess W (2001) Prävalenz von Ketoazidosen bei Manifestation des Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 in einem Zentrum für pädiatrische Diabetologie. Mschr Kinderheilk 149: 679–683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keenan HT, Foster CM, Bratton SL (2002) Social factors associated with prolonged hospitalization among diabetic children. Pediatrics 109: 40–44

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kintzel R, Holl R, Haberland H, Grabert M, Dost A (2003) Die diabetische Ketoazidose bei Erkrankungsbeginn im Kindes-und Jugendalter in der Bundesrepublik. Diab Stoffw 12: 8–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Klatzo I (1967) Presidental address. Neuropathological aspects of brain edema. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 26: 1–14

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komulainen J, Kulmala P, Savola K et al.(1999) Clinical, autoimmune, and genetic characteristics of very young children with type 1 diabetes. Childhood Diabetes in Finland (DiMe)Study Group. Diabetes Care 22: 1950–1955

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Komulainen J, Lounamaa R, Knip M, Kaprio EA, Åkerblom HK (1996) Ketoacidosis at the diagnosis of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus is related to poor residual beta cell function. Childhood Diabetes in Finland Study Group. Arch Dis Child 75: 410–415

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krane EJ (1987) Diabetic ketoacidosis. Biochemistry, physiology,treatment,and prevention.Pediatr Clin North Am 34: 935–960

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krane EJ, Rockoff MA, Wallman JK, Wolfsdorf JI (1985) Sub-clinical brain swelling in children during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med 312: 1147–1151

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lever E, Jaspan JB (1983) Sodium bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Am J Med 75: 263–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levitsky L, Ekwo E et al.(1991) Death from diabetes (DM)in hospitalized children (1970–1988). Pediatr Res 29: A195

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy-Marchal C, Patterson CC, Green A — EURODIAB ACE Study Group (2001) Europe and Diabetes. Geographical variation of presentation at diagnosis of type I diabetes in children: the EURODIAB study. Diabetologia 44(Suppl.3): B75–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lockwood AH (1975) Acute and chronic hyperosmolarity. Effects on cerebral amino acids and energy metabolism. Arch Neurol 32: 62

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mahoney CP, Vlcek BW et al.(1999) Risk factors for developing brain herniation during diabetic ketoacidosis. Pediatr Neurol 21: 721–727

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marcin JP, Glaser N, Barnett P et al. — American Academy of Pediatrics (2002) The Pediatric Emergency Medicine Collaborative Research Commitee. Factors associated with adverse outcomes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis-related cerebral edema. J Pediatr 141: 793–797

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marion DW, Firlik A, McLaughlin MR (1995) Hyperventilation therapy for severe traumatic brain injury. New Horiz 3: 439–447

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin MM, Martin ALA (1976) Continuous low-dose infusion of insulin in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. J Pediatr 89: 560

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mel JM, Werther GA (1995) Incidence and outcome of diabetic cerebral oedema in childhood: are there predictors? J Pediatr Child Health 31: 17–20

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morris LR, Murphy MB, Kitabchi AE (1986) Bicarbonate therapy in severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann Intern Med 105: 836–840

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muir A (2000a) Cerebral edema in diabetic ketoacidosis: A look beyond rehydration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 85: 509–513

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muir A, Quisling R (2000) Early diagnosis of cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes 49(Suppl.1): 92A

    Google Scholar 

  • Muizelaar JP, Marmarou A, Ward JD et al.(1991) Adverse effects of prolonged hyperventilation in patients with severe head injury:a randomized clinical trial. J Neurosurg 75: 731–739

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munk P, Freedman MH, Levison H, Ehrlich RM (1974) Effect of bicarbonate on oxygen transport in juvenile diabetic ketoacidosis. J Pediatr 84: 510–514

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narins RG, Cohen JJ (1987) Bicarbonate therapy for organic acidosis: the case for its continued use. Ann Intern Med Apr 106: 615–618

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ohmann JL, Eroiul BM, Aoki TT, Munchioodappa LS (1971) The cerebrospinal fluid in ketoacidosis. N Engl Med 284: 283–290

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Okuda Y, Adrogue HJ, Field JB, Nohara H, Yamashita K (1996) Counterproductive effects of sodium bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 81: 314–320

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peer G, Graf H (1991) Therapie der metabolischen Acidose. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 116: 1116

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pickney JH, Bingley PJ, Sawtell PA, Dunger DB, Gale EAM — The Bart’s-Oxford Study Group (1994) Presentation and progress of childhood diabetes mellitus: a prospective population based study. Diabetologia 37: 70–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Rewers A, Chase HP, Mackenzie T et al.(2002) Predictors of acute complications in children with type 1 diabetes. JAMA 287: 2511–2518

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts I, Schierhout G, Wakai A (2003) Mannitol for acute traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2): CD001049

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts MD, Slover R et al.(2001) Diabetic ketoacidosis with intracerebral complications. Pediatric Diabetes 2: 109–114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbloom AL (1990) Intracerebral crises during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetes Care 13: 22–33

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shabbir N, Oberfield SE, Corrales R, Kairam R, Levine LS (1992) Recovery from symptomatic brain swelling in diabetic ketoacidosis. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 31: 570–573

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Skippen P, Seear M, Poskitt K, Kestle J, Cochrane D, Annich G, Handel J (1997) Effect of hyperventilation on regional cerebral blood flow in head-injured children. Crit Care Med 25: 1402–1409

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke AAR (2000) Pathophysiologie und Pathobiochemie des Insulinmangels bei Typ-1-Diabetes. In: Berger M (ed) Diabetes mellitus. S. 253–263. Urban &Fischer, München Jena

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanelli M, Chiari G, Capuano C (2003) Cost effectiveness of the direct measurement of 3-beta-hydroxybutyrate in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis in children. Diabetes Care 26: 959

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vanelli M, Chiari G, Ghizzoni L, Costi G, Giacalone T, Chiarelli F (1999) Effectiveness of a prevention program for diabetic ketoacidosis in children. An 8-year study in schools and private practices. Diabetes Care 22: 7–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

(2005). Diabetische Ketoazidose. In: Diabetes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26602-X_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26602-X_13

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21186-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-26602-0

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics