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Neurological Applications

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Book cover Dual Energy CT in Clinical Practice

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

Abstract

Dual energy computed tomography (CT) methods are revolutionizing neurological imaging by refining material characterization using CT, improving the detection of contrast enhancement, and reducing scatter-related artifacts. These techniques improve our accuracy for differentiation of hemorrhage from calcification and contrast staining. They also allow the selection of lower energy X-ray beams that increase the conspicuity of intravascular enhancement, potentially useful in CT angiograms using low contrast doses. A new type of dual-energy CT technology called Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GE healthcare) also allows the selection of X-ray beams at specific energy levels to optimize parenchymal visualization. These applications offer a glimpse of the significant potential of dual-energy technology to expand the role of computed tomography in neuroimaging and cerebrovascular imaging.

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Abbreviations

CDTIvol:

Volume CT dose index

CIN:

Contrast-induced nephropathy

CNR:

Contrast-to-noise ratio

CT:

Computed tomography

CTA:

Computed tomography angiography

DE:

Dual energy

DFOV:

Display field of view

FOV:

Field of view

GRE:

Gradient-recalled echo

GSI:

Gemstone spectral imaging

HU:

Hounsfield units

keV:

Kiloelectron volt

kVp:

Peak kilovoltage

ROI:

Region of interest

SFOV:

Scan field of view

SWI:

Susceptibility-weighted imaging

VNC:

Virtual noncontrast

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroradiology Division, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Otto Rapalino, Shervin Kamalian, Rajiv Gupta, Catherine Phan, Stuart Pomerantz, Javier Romero & Michael Lev

  2. CT Engineering, GE Healthcare, Arlington, MA, USA

    Mukta C. Joshi

Authors
  1. Otto Rapalino
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  2. Shervin Kamalian
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  3. Rajiv Gupta
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  4. Catherine Phan
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  5. Stuart Pomerantz
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  6. Javier Romero
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  7. Mukta C. Joshi
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  8. Michael Lev
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Otto Rapalino .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinikum Großhadern, Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum München, Marchioninistr. 15, München, 81377, Germany

    Thorsten Johnson

  2. Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Med. Fak. Mannheim, Klinikum Mannheim gGmbH, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, Mannheim, 68167, Germany

    Christian Fink

  3. Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Med. Fak. Mannheim, Klinikum Mannheim gGmbH, Theodor-Kutzer Ufer 1-3, Mannheim, 68167, Germany

    Stefan O. Schönberg

  4. Klinikum Großhadern, Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum München, Marchioninistr. 15, München, 81377, Germany

    Maximilian F. Reiser

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Rapalino, O. et al. (2011). Neurological Applications. In: Johnson, T., Fink, C., Schönberg, S., Reiser, M. (eds) Dual Energy CT in Clinical Practice. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2010_32

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2010_32

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-01739-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-01740-7

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