Skip to main content

Synchronous Batching: From Cascades to Free Routes

  • Conference paper
Book cover Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PET 2004)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNSC,volume 3424))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The variety of possible anonymity network topologies has spurred much debate in recent years. In a synchronous batching design, each batch of messages enters the mix network together, and the messages proceed in lockstep through the network. We show that a synchronous batching strategy can be used in various topologies, including a free-route network, in which senders choose paths freely, and a cascade network, in which senders choose from a set of fixed paths. We show that free-route topologies can provide better anonymity as well as better message reliability in the event of partial network failure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Berthold, O., Federrath, H., Köpsell, S.: Web MIXes: A system for anonymous and unobservable Internet access. In: Federrath, H. (ed.) Designing Privacy Enhancing Technologies. LNCS, vol. 2009, pp. 115–129. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Berthold, O., Langos, H.: Dummy traffic against long term intersection attacks. In: Dingledine, R., Syverson, P.F. (eds.) PET 2002. LNCS, vol. 2482, pp. 110–128. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Berthold, O., Pfitzmann, A., Standtke, R.: The disadvantages of free MIX routes and how to overcome them. In: Federrath, H. (ed.) Designing Privacy Enhancing Technologies. LNCS, vol. 2009, p. 30. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Chaum, D.: Untraceable electronic mail, return addresses, and digital pseudo-nyms. Communications of the ACM 4(2) (February 1982)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chaum, D.: Blind signatures for untraceable payments. In: Chaum, D., Rivest, R.L., Sherman, A.T. (eds.) Advances in Cryptology:Proceedings of Crypto 1982, pp. 199–203. Plenum Press, New York (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Danezis, G.: Mix-networks with restricted routes. In: Dingledine, R. (ed.) PET 2003. LNCS, vol. 2760, pp. 1–17. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Danezis, G.: Statistical disclosure attacks: Traffic confirmation in open environments. In: Gritzalis, Vimercati, Samarati, Katsikas (eds.) Proceedings of Security and Privacy in the Age of Uncertainty (SEC2003), Athens, pp. 421–426. IFIP TC11, Kluwer (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Danezis, G., Dingledine, R., Mathewson, N.: Mixminion: Design of a type III anonymous remailer protocol. In: 2003 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, pp. 2–15. IEEE CS, Los Alamitos (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Danezis, G., Sassaman, L.: Heartbeat traffic to counter (n-1) attacks. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society (WPES 2003), Washington, DC, USA (October 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Diaz, C., Seys, S., Claessens, J., Preneel, B.: Towards measuring anonymity. In: Dingledine, R., Syverson, P.F. (eds.) PET 2002. LNCS, vol. 2482, pp. 54–68. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Dingledine, R., Freedman, M.J., Hopwood, D., Molnar, D.: A Reputation System to Increase MIX-net Reliability. In: Moskowitz, I.S. (ed.) IH 2001. LNCS, vol. 2137, pp. 126–141. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Dingledine, R., Syverson, P.: Reliable MIX Cascade Networks through Reputation. In: Blaze, M. (ed.) FC 2002. LNCS, vol. 2357. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Douceur, J.: The Sybil Attack. In: Druschel, P., Kaashoek, M.F., Rowstron, A. (eds.) IPTPS 2002. LNCS, vol. 2429, p. 251. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Kwiatkowska, M., et al.: PRISM, http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~dxp/prism/

  15. Franz, E., Graubner, A., Jerichow, A., Pfitzmann, A.: Comparison of Commitment Schemes Used in Mix-Mediated Anonymous Communication for Preventing Pool-Mode Attacks. In: Boyd, C., Dawson, E. (eds.) ACISP 1998. LNCS, vol. 1438, p. 111. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Goldschlag, D.M., Reed, M.G., Syverson, P.F.: Hiding routing information. In: Anderson, R. (ed.) IH 1996. LNCS, vol. 1174, pp. 137–150. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gülcü, C., Tsudik, G.: Mixing E-mail with Babel. In: Network and Distributed Security Symposium (NDSS 1996), pp. 2–16. IEEE, Los Alamitos (1996)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  18. Jakobsson, M.: Flash Mixing. In: Principles of Distributed Computing - PODC 1999. ACM Press, New York (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jakobsson, M., Juels, A., Rivest, R.L.: Making mix nets robust for electronic voting by randomized partial checking. In: Proceedings of the 11th USENIX Security Symposium (August 2002)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kesdogan, D., Egner, J., Büschkes, R.: Stop-and-go MIXes: Providing probabilistic anonymity in an open system. In: Aucsmith, D. (ed.) IH 1998. LNCS, vol. 1525, p. 83. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Möller, U., Cottrell, L., Palfrader, P., Sassaman, L.: Mixmaster Protocol — Version 2. Draft (July 2003), http://www.abditum.com/mixmaster-spec.txt

  22. Pfitzmann, A., Waidner, M.: Networks without user observability – design options. In: Pichler, F. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 1985. LNCS, vol. 219, pp. 245–253. Springer, Heidelberg (1986)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Serjantov, A., Danezis, G.: Towards an information theoretic metric for anonymity. In: Dingledine, R., Syverson, P.F. (eds.) PET 2002. LNCS, vol. 2482, pp. 41–53. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Serjantov, A., Dingledine, R., Syverson, P.: From a trickle to a flood: Active attacks on several mix types. In: Petitcolas, F.A.P. (ed.) IH 2002. LNCS, vol. 2578, pp. 36–52. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Shmatikov, V.: Probabilistic model checking of an anonymity system. Journal of Computer Security (selected papers of CSFW-15) (2004) (to appear)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Dingledine, R., Shmatikov, V., Syverson, P. (2005). Synchronous Batching: From Cascades to Free Routes. In: Martin, D., Serjantov, A. (eds) Privacy Enhancing Technologies. PET 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3424. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11423409_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11423409_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-26203-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31960-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics