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Anaerobes in Industrial- and Environmental Biotechnology

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Book cover Anaerobes in Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 156))

Abstract

Anaerobic microorganisms present in diverse ecological niches employ alternative strategies for energy conservation in the absence of oxygen which enables them to play a key role in maintaining the global cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, and the breakdown of persistent compounds. Thereby they become useful tools in industrial and environmental biotechnology. Although anaerobes have been relatively neglected in comparison to their aerobic counterparts, with increasing knowledge about their diversity and metabolic potential and the development of genetic tools and process technologies to utilize them, we now see a rapid expansion of their applications in the society. This chapter summarizes some of the developments in the use of anaerobes as tools for biomass valorization, in production of energy carriers and chemicals, wastewater treatment, and the strong potential in soil remediation. The ability of several autotrophic anaerobes to reduce carbon dioxide is attracting growing attention as a means for developing a platform for conversion of waste gases to chemicals, materials, and biofuels.

The original version of this chapter was revised. In figure 2, Cellulos has been corrected to Cellulose.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

Adenosine triphosphate

E0 :

Reduction potential

EGSB:

Expanded granular sludge bed

GAP:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

3-HPA:

3-Hydroxypropionaldehyde

3-HP:

3-Hydroxypropionic acid

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced

1,3-PDO:

1,3-Propanediol

RTCA:

Reductive tricarboxylic acid

RuBP:

Ribulose-1,5-biphosphate

SRB:

Sulfate reducing bacteria

UASB:

Upflow anaerobic sludge bed

ΔGo´:

Free energy change under standard conditions

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Swedish Research Council for financial support, and to Dr. Sang-Hyun Pyo for help with some of the figures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden

    Rajni Hatti-Kaul & Bo Mattiasson

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  1. Rajni Hatti-Kaul
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  2. Bo Mattiasson
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Correspondence to Rajni Hatti-Kaul .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry Center for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Rajni Hatti-Kaul

  2. Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry Center for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Gashaw Mamo

  3. Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry Center for Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Bo Mattiasson

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Hatti-Kaul, R., Mattiasson, B. (2016). Anaerobes in Industrial- and Environmental Biotechnology. In: Hatti-Kaul, R., Mamo, G., Mattiasson, B. (eds) Anaerobes in Biotechnology. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 156. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2016_10

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