Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Asian Entrepreneurship Research

A Profile and Assessment

  • Chapter
Book cover Handbook of Asian Management

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abdullah, M.A. 1998. The impact of entrepreneurs’ characteristics on financial performance and employment of SMEs in Malaysia. Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship, 6(1,2): 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abetti, P.A. 1997. The birth and growth of Toshiba’s laptop and notebook computers: A case study of Japanese venturing. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(6): 507–529.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Adas, M. 1974. Immigrant Asians and the economic impact of European imperialism: the role of the South Indian Chettiars in British Burma. Journal of Asian Studies, 33(3): 385–401.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ahlstrom, D. and Burton, G.D. 2002. An institutional perspective on the role of culture in shaping strategic action by technology-focused entrepreneurial firms in China. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(4): 53–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ainnrawut, P. 1985. Drrchnipachon Na Don Pow Myndardi. Bangkok: Siam Printing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Akbar, M. 1993. Ideology, environment and entrepreneurship: Typologies from Islamic texts and history. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2(2): 135–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Akizawa, H. and Kijima, K. 1999. Comparative analysis of entrepreneurial networking and its implications for Japanese industry in the internet era. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 7(2): 155–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aldrich, H. and Zimmer, C. 1986. Entrepreneurship through social networks. In D. Sexton and R. Smilor (eds.), The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship (pp. 3–24). Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, A.P. 1960. Industrial entrepreneurship in Turkey: Origins and growth. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 8: 449–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arghiros, D. 1997. The rise of indigenous capitalists in rural Thailand: Profile of brickmakers on the central plains. In M. Rutten and C. Upadhya (eds.). Small Business Entrepreneurs in Asia and Europe (pp. 115–145). New Deli: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Awasthi, D.N. 1992. Entrepreneurship and the growth of firms: An exploratory study of the dyestuffs industry in Ahmedabad. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 1(1): 37–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Awasthi, D.N. and Pal, S. 2000. Market for business development in India: A study of Calcutta. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 9(2): 155–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aziz, A. 1980. Malay Entrepreneurship, Problems in Development: A Comparative Empirical Analysis. Heng Press: Kuala Lumpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bal, G. 1998. Communities and culture in entrepreneurship development in India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 7(2): 171–182.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Bal, G. and Judge, P. 2001. Terrorism and rural entrepreneurship in Punjab. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 10(2): 191–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Birley, S. 1989. Female entrepreneurs: Are they really any different? Journal of Small Business Management, 27: 32–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blunt, P. 1992. Do Moi: ‘Renovating’ enterprise management in Vietnam. Journal of Southeast Asia Business, 8(2): 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogaert, M.V.D., Das, S.P. and Barik, S.S. 1993. Catching the tiger by the tail: Fostering entrepreneurship among craft groups in Orissa. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2(2): 155–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boocock, G. and Wahab, I.A. 1997. The financing practices and problems of growth-orientated firms in Malaysia. Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship, 5(2): 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boyko, M. and Wakabayashi, M. 1995. Entrepreneurship in a developing country: Small and medium-size enterprises in the Roi Et province of Thailand. Asian Review, 8: 128–160.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brockhaus, R.H. 1974. I-E locus of control scores as predictors of entrepreneurial intentions. In A.G. Bedeian, W.H. Holley, A.A. Armenakis and H.S. Field (eds.), Proceedings of the Academy of Management (pp. 433–435).

    Google Scholar 

  • Brockhaus, R.H. and Horwitz, P.S. 1986. The Psychology of the Entrepreneur. In D.L. Sexton and R.W. Smilor (eds.), The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, B. and Butler, J.E. 1994. Reaching the Vietnamese consumer. The Vietnam Business Journal, 2(5): 28–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bruun, O. 1990. Small enterprise in the Chinese experience. Small Enterprise Development, 1(3): 27–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgelman, R.A. 1984. Designs for corporate entrepreneurship in established firms. California Management Review, 26(3): 154–166.

    ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Burton, G.D., Ahlstrom, D. and Singh, K. 2002. The impact of institutional environment on the venture capital industry in Singapore. Venture Capital, 4(3): 197–218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E. 1999. All the other kids were doing it: The Asian financial crisis from a managerial perspective. Journal of Contemporary Business, 11(2): 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E. and Chamornmarn, W. 1995. Entrepreneurial characteristics: Reflections of a changing economy. Chulalongkorn Journal of Economics, 7(1): 89–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E., Brown, B. and Chamornmarn, W. 2000. Guanxi and the dynamics of overseas Chinese entrepreneurial behavior in Southeast Asia. In J.T. Li, Anne Tsui and Elizabeth (eds.), Management and Organizations in the Chinese Context (pp. 245–268). London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E., Keh, H.T. and Chamornmarn, W. 2000. Information acquisition, entrepreneurial performance and the evolution of modern Thai retailing. Journal of Asian Business, 16(2): 1–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E., Phan, P.H., Saxberg, B.O. and Lee, S.H. 2001. Entrepreneurial succession, firm growth and performance. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(4): 402–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butler, J.E., Brown, B. and Chamornmarn, W. 2003. Informational networks, entrepreneurial action and performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 20(2): 151–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chakravarti, N.R. (1971). The Indian Minority in Burma: The Rise and Decline of an Immigrant Community. New York: Oxford UP for the Institute of Race Relations.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, K.B. and Chiang, C. 1994. Stepping Out: The Making of Chinese Entrepreneurs. Singapore: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan, K.F., Lau, T. and Man, T.W.Y. 1997. The entrepreneurial personality of small business owner-managers in Hong Kong: A critical incident analysis. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 5(3): 249–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chan, S.Y. and Foster, M.J. 2001. Strategy formulation in small businesses: The Hong Kong experience. International Small Business Journal, 19(3): 56–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, J. 2001. Intrepreneurship and exopreneurship in manufacturing firms: An empirical study of performance implications. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(2): 153–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, S.J. 1995. International expansion strategy of Japanese firms: Capability building through sequential entry. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2): 137–162.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang, W. and MacMillan, I.C. 1991. A review of entrepreneurial development in the People’s Republic of China. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(6): 375–379.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Charoenloet, V. 2000. Globalization, Economic Integration and Inequalities: Poverty, Unemployment and the Responsibility of Governments in Asia and Europe. Unpublished manuscript presented at the ASEM 2000 People’s Forum on People’s Action and Solidarity Challenging Globalisation. Seoul, Korea, 17–21 October 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chattopadhyay, R. and Ghosh, A. 2002. Predicting entrepreneurial success: A sociopsychological study. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 11(2): 21–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chau, L.C. 1993. Hong Kong: A Unique Case of Development. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chau, S.S. 1995. The development of China’s private entrepreneurship. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 261–276.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheah, H.B. and Yu, T.F.L. 1996. Adaptive response: Entrepreneurship and competitiveness in the economic development of Hong Kong. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(3): 241–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, B.B.M. and Hoon, S.C.L.S. 1994. Moving Singapore entrepreneurship to new heights. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 2(4): 931–944.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, D.K.C., Chan, S.Y.S. and Lam, I.S.K. 1996. Taxation and its implications on crossborder profits of manufacturing businesses in Hong Kong. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(4): 410–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung, T.M. 2002. China’s Entrepreneurial Army. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chew, K.K. and Koh, H.C. 1993. Personality characteristics of entrepreneurs: A test of the locals at the Singapore International Monetary Exchange. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 10(3): 59–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chew, K.K. and Koh, H.C. 1995. The entrepreneurial decision and entrepreneurial success: A study of the locals at the Singapore International Monetary Exchange. Entrepreneurship Innovation and Change, 4(2): 105–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chew, S.B. 1988. Small Firms in Singapore. London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, Y.W. and Chan, P.K. 1998. A risk management model for the preservation of a family business. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 6(4): 413–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choo, S. and Mazzarol, T. 2001. An impact on performance of foreign market entry choices by small and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(3): 291–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, C.K.W. and Fung, M.K.Y. 1996. Firm dynamics and industrialization in the Chinese economy in transition: Implications for small business policy. Journal of Business Venturing, 11(6): 489–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, C.K.W. and Fung, M.K.Y. 2000. Small business and liquidity constraints in financing business investment: Evidence from Shanghai’s manufacturing sector. Journal of Business Venturing, 15(4): 363–383.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Choy, C.L. 1990. Source of business financing practices: A comparison among U.S. and Asian countries. Journal of Business Venturing, 5(5): 271–275.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Chu, P. 2000. The characteristics of Chinese female entrepreneurs: Motivation and personality. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 8(1): 67–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, G.L. 1994. The end of an era: Asian NIEs in the global economy. Growth and Change, 25(4): 487–508.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Cordes, Bernd 1991. Vietnam’s economic “renovation”. Journal of Southeast Asia Business, 7(1): 71–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cornelius, B. and Naqui, S.A. 2002. Resource exchange and the Asian venture capital fund/portfolio company dyad. Venture Capital, 4(3): 253–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, J.B. and Ho, J. 1994. The dynamics of growth and succession in entrepreneurial organizations. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 2(1): 571–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dana, L.P. 1992. Changes in the South Korean model: Towards more entrepreneurship and innovation. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 1(3): 303–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, L.P. 1994a. The doi-moi model: An ethnographic account of entrepreneurship, innovation and change in former French Indo-China. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 3(1): 61–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, L.P. 1994b. A Marxist mini-dragon — entrepreneurship in today’s Vietnam. Journal of Small Business Management, 32(2): 95–103.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Dana, L.P. 1999. Entrepreneurship in Pacific Asia: Past Present and Future. Singapore: World Scientific.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dana, L.P, Korot, L. and Tovstiga, G. 2001. Convergence vs. divergence: A comparative analysis of Singapore versus Silicon Valley knowledge management practices. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(1): 7–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dandridge, T.C. and Flynn, D.M. 1988. Entrepreneurship: Environmental forces which are creating opportunities in China. International Small Business Journal, 6(3): 34–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, K. 1996. Flexibility together: Surviving and growing in a garment cluster, Ahmedbad, India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 5(2): 153–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Das, M. 1999. Women entrepreneurs from Southern India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2): 147–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobbins, C. 1996. Asian Entrepreneurial Minorities: Conjoint Communities in the Making of the World Economy, 1570–1940. Richmond, Surry: (Nordic Institute of Asian Studies Monograph Series No. 71) Curzon Press Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doh, J.C., Tan, W.L. and Chiong, T.S.T. 1996. Entrepreneurship inclinations of Singapore business students. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(2): 209–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Du, Y. 2001. Research on technological innovation as seen through the Chinese looking glass. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(1): 53–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dubini, P. 1988. The influence of motivations and environment on business start-ups: Some hints for public policies. Journal of Business Venturing, 4(1): 11–26.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Duckett, J. 2001. Bureaucrats in business, Chinese-style: The lessons of market reform and state entrepreneurialism in the People’s Republic of China. World Development, 29(1): 23–37.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, V. 2002. Liberating the Entrepreneurial Spirit. New York Accenture.

    Google Scholar 

  • England, V. 2001. Poverty of enterprise a new foe in East Timor struggle. South China Morning Post, September 2: 7.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fam, K.S. and Merrilees, B. 1999. Small and medium sized retailers’ promotion strategies in the Asia Pacific region — A comparative study. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 7(2): 179–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganesan, R., Kaur, D. and Maheshwari, R.C. 2002. Women entrepreneurs: Problems and prospects. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 11(1): 95–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, W.B. 1988. “Who is an ‘Entrepreneur?’ is the Wrong Question. American Journal of Small Business, 12: 11–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gartner, W.B. 2001. Is there an elephant in entrepreneurship? Blind assumptions in theory development. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25(4): 27–39.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Geertz, C. (1963). Peddlers and Princes: Social Change and Economic Modernization in Two Indonesian Towns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghazali, A., Chew, S.B., Ghosh, B.G. and Tay, R.S.T. 1994. Tertiary education, gender and entrepreneurship: An empirical analysis. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 1(3–4): 473–495.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh, B.C., Low, A.M., Tan, T.M. and Chan, C. 1993. An exploratory study of strategic planning behavior in SMEs in Singapore/Malaysia Context. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 1(2): 255–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Go, F.M. and Chan, A. 1997. A normative framework for entrepreneurship and innovation in Hong Kong tourism. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 5(1): 75–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goffee, R. and Scase, R. 1985. Women in Charge: The Experiences of Female Entrepreneurs. London: George Allen and Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomez, E.T. 1999. Chinese Business in Malaysia: Accumulation, Ascendance, Accommodation. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grotenhuis, F.D.J., Neuijen, J.A. and Dwiajmadja, C. 1999. Culture, leadership styles and stress: A comparative study of Japanese and American joint ventures in Indonesia. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 7(2): 127–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, C. 2000. Squeezing the Asian entrepreneurial engine: The impact of the credit squeeze on sustainable job creation in Asia. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 8(2): 141–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hashemi, S.M., Schuler, S.R. and Riley, A.P. 1996. Rural credit program and women’s empowerment in Bangladesh. World Development, 24: 635–653.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins, D.I. 1993. New business entrepreneurship in the Japanese economy. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(2): 137–150.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Henin, B. 2002. Agrarian change in Vietnam’s northern upland regions. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 32(1): 3–19.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hindle, K. and Lee, L. 2002. An exploratory investigation of informal venture capitalists in Singapore. Venture Capital, 4(2): 169–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ho, P. (1962). The Ladder of Success in Imperial China: Aspects of Social Mobility. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ho, T.S. and Koh, H.C. 1992. Differences in psychological characteristics between entrepreneurally inclined and non-entrepreneurally inclined accounting graduates in Singapore. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 1(2): 243–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ho, Y.P. 1992. Trade, Industrial Restructuring and Development in Hong Kong. London: MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. 1980. Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Newbury, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hofstede, G. and Bond, M.H. 1988. The Confucius connection: From cultural roots to economic growth. Organizational Dynamics, 16(4): 5–21.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Holt, D.H. 1997. A comparative study of values among Chinese and U.S. entrepreneurs: Pragmatic convergence between contrasting cultures. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(2): 483–505.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Honig, B. 2001. Human capital and structural upheaval: A study of manufacturing firms in the West Bank. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(6): 575–594.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hoshi, T., Kashyap, A. and Scharfstein, D. 1991. Corporate structure, liquidity, and investment: Evidence from Japanese industrial groups. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(1): 33–60.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, Y. 1993. Market orientated reforms in China. Development Policy Review, 11(2): 194–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jia, T. and Wang, K. 1989. The emergence and development of private entrepreneurs in China. Social Science in China, 2: 89–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jolly, V.K. and Kayama, H. 1990. Venture management in Japanese companies. Journal of Business Venturing, 5(4): 249–269.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Kanai, T. 1995. Seven entrepreneurial paradoxes and the taxonomy of networking: The cases of MIT Enterprise Forum, Smaller Business Association of New England, and the Yokohama Venturing Business Club. The Annals of Kobe Business School, 39: 33–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kantilal, I. 1994. Entrepreneurship and survival strategies in a sick traditional industry: The case of the Ahmedabad textile industry. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(1): 21–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kantor, P. 2002. Gender, micro-enterprise success and cultural context. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(4): 131–143.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Kao, R.W.Y. and Chiang, L.C. 2000. Training and development of women entrepreneurs in China: A conceptual model. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 8(1): 85–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karkoviata, L. 2001. Getting down to business. Asian Business, 37(8): 46–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kashyap, S.P. and Shah, A. 1995. Induced industrial clustering and efficiency: An exploratory study of Gujarat’s industrial estates. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 4(1): 71–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur, R. and Bawa, S. 1999. Psychological correlates of entrepreneurial performance among women. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2): 195–205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazmin, A. 2002. Burma’s plight. Financial Times, April 4: 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keeley, R.H., Roure, J.B., Goto, M. and Yoshimura, K. 1990. An international comparison of new ventures. In C.N. Churchill, W.D. Bygrave, J.A. Hornaday, D.F. Muzyka, K.Hl. Vesper and W.E. Wetzel Jr. (eds.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 1990 (pp. 472–486). Wellesly, MA: Center for Entrepreneurial Studies, Babson College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kessler, R.J. 1989. Rebellion and Repression in the Philippines. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kingston, J. 1991. Indonesia: Developing Agenda. Journal of Southeast Asia Business, 7(3): 88–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirby, D.A. and Fan, Y. 1995. Chinese cultural values and entrepreneurship: A preliminary consideration. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 245–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirve, H. and Kanitkar, A. 1993. Entrepreneurs at the grass-roots: Developing the income generating capabilities of rural women. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2(2): 177–197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishna, K.V.S.M. and Awasthi, D.N. 1994. Responsiveness of small and tiny enterprises to policy reforms in India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(2): 163–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuemmerle, W. 2002. Home based knowledge management in international ventures. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2): 99–122.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Landon, K. P. (1941), The Chinese in Thailand. London: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lau, C.M. and Busentiz, L. 2001. Growth intentions of entrepreneurs in a transitional economy: The People’s Republic of China. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(1): 5–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D.Y. 1995. A projection of distribution system development trend in China. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 367–387.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, J. and Chan, J. 1998. Chinese entrepreneurship: A study of Singapore. The Journal of Management Development, 17(2&3): 131–141.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lerher, M. and Haber. S. 2001. Performance factors of small tourism ventures: The interface of tourism, entrepreneurship and the environment. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(1): 77–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lerher, M., Brush, C. and Hisrich, R. 1997. Israeli women entrepreneurs: An examination of factors affecting performance. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(4): 315–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, D. and Sohmen, P. 2001. The development of modern entrepreneurship in China. Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, 1: 27–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, G.H., Lee, K.S. and Tan, S.J. 2001. Gray marketing as an alternative market penetration strategy for entrepreneurs: Conceptual model and case evidence. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(4): 405–427.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, Q. 1990. Private enterprises: Their emergence, rapid growth and problems. In W.A. Byrd and Q. Lim (eds.), China’s Rural Industry: Structure, Development and Reform (pp. 172–188). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, Y. 1992. Reform from below: The private economy and local politics in the rural industrialization of Wenzhou. China Quarterly, 130: 293–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lo, V.H.Y. 1999. The revealing of an inherent oriental perception on TQM implementation in Hong Kong. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 7(3): 299–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lockett, A. and Wright, M. 2002. Venture capital in Asia and the Pacific Rim. Venture Capital, 4(3): 183–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lockett, A., Wright, M., Sapienza, H. and Pruthi, S. 2002. Venture capital investors, valuation and information: A comparative study of the U.S., Hong Kong, India and Singapore. Venture Capital, 4(3): 237–252.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardo, G.A. 1995. Chinese entrepreneurs: Strategic adaptation in a transitional economy. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 277–292.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lufrano, RJ. 1997. Honorable Merchants: Commerce and Self-Cultivation in Late Imperial China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacMillan, I.C. and George, R. 1985. Corporate venturing: Challenges for senior managers. Journal of Business Strategy, 3(winter): 34–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mall, C.P. 1993. Impact of financial incentives on entrepreneurial development in backwards regions — A case study of Deoria district of Uttar Pradesh. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2(2): 199–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Man, W.Y.T., Lau, T. and Chan, K.F. 2002. The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2): 123–142.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuda, S., VanderWerf, P. and Scarbrough, P. 1994. A comparison of Japanese and U.S. firms completing initial public offerings. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(3): 205–222.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Mauysami, R.C. and Goby, V.P. 1998. The impact of cultural trends on business practices. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 6(3): 333–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maxwell, N. 1908. Imports, exports, and shipping. In A. Wright and O.T. Breakspear (eds.), Twentieth Century Impressions of Siam: Its History, People, Commerce, Industries and Resources (pp. 135–143). London: Lloyd’s Greater Britain Publishing Company, Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, R.G. and MacMillan, I. 1992. More like each other than anyone else? A cross-cultural study of entrepreneurial perceptions. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(5): 419–429.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • McGrath, R.G., MacMillan, I.C., Yang, E.A.Y. and Tsai, W. 1992. Does culture endure, or is it malleable? Issues for entrepreneurial economic development. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(6): 441–458.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Mellor, W. 2001. Enterprise: Cambodia: A hint of the future in a lawless land. Asiaweek. May 11: 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Menkhoff, T., Kay, L. and Loh, B. 2002. Worlds apart? Reflections on the relationship between small entrepreneurs and external change advocates in Singapore. Journal of Asian Business, 18(1): 37–65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Menning, G. 1997. Ethnic enterprise in the decentralized textile industry of India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 6(2): 141–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milgram, B.L. 2001. Operationalizing microfinance: Women and craftwork in Ifugao, upland Philippines. Human Organizaton, 60(3): 212–224.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Misra, S. and Kumar, E.S. 2000. Resourcefulness: A proximal conceptualization of entrepreneurial behavior. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 9(2): 135–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morito, K., Chia, J.K.H. and Oliga, J.C. 1993. An emerging intrepreneurship phenomenon in the Japanese labor process? Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 2(3): 265–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, M.H. 2001. Entrepreneurship is economic development is entrepreneurship. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 6(3):v–vi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murin, P. and Sommariva, A. 1993. The financial reforms in central and eastern European countries and in China. Journal of Banking and Finance, 17(5): 883–911.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mutahaly, S.K.K. and Gunasekaran, A. 1996. The essentials of a successful export strategy for Vietnamese small and medium enterprises. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 5(4): 295–306.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mydans, S. 2000. Religious warfare on Indonesia isles bodes wide chaos. New York Times, Feb. 9: A1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ng, B.K. and Ng, E.J. 1994. Dynamism of small Chinese business enterprises in Malaysia and Singapore. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 1(3–4): 497–508.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norman, H. 1900. The Peoples and Politics of the Far East, Travels and Studies in the British, French, Spanish and Portuguese Colonies, Siberia, China, Japan, Korea, Siam and Malaya. London: T. F. Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nyum, J. 2001. South Korea: Briefing on the economy and business environment. Minister’s Speech East Asia Economic Summit [Internet]. Available from: http://www.mofe.go.kr/cgi-pub/content.cgi?code=e_sp&no=80 [Accessed on 16 April, 2002].

  • Ohe, T., Honjo, S. and Merrifield, D.B. 1992. Japanese corporate ventures: Success curve. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(3): 171–180.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ohe, T., Honjo, S. and Oliva, M. 1991. Entrepreneurs in Japan and Silicon Valley: A study of perceived differences. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(2): 135–144.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Pareek, U. 1994. Entrepreneurial role stress. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(1): 55–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, C.A.L. and Chatterjee, S.R. 2001. Differences and similarities of entrepreneurial characteristics in a diverse social setting: Evidence from Australian and Singapore managers. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 9(3): 273–289.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Petrick, J.A. and Quinn, J.R. 1994. Deforestation in Indonesia: Policy framework for sustainable development. Journal of Asian Business, 10(2): 41–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poonjary, M.C. 1996. What creates an entrepreneur? Some observations from a micro study. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 5(2): 253–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Putterman, L. 1997. On the past and future of China’s township and village-owned enterprises. World Development, 25(10): 1639–1655.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Rah, J., Jung, K. and Lee, J. 1994. Validation of the venture evaluation model in Korea. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(6): 509–524.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran, K. and Ramnarayan, S. 1993. Entrepreneurial orientation and networking some evidence. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(6): 513–524.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, M.S.S. 1997. The entrepreneurial competency index: An assessment tool for financial institutions. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 6(2): 197–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, D.M. 1991. Venture capital in Singapore. International Small Business Journal, 10(1): 11–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, D.M. 1994. The role of risk-taking in Singapore. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(2): 157–177.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, D.M. 1998. Distinctive Singapore patterns of SME internationalization. Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship, 6(2): 29–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, D.M. and Turpin, D.V. 1993. Venture capital in Japan. International Small Business Journal, 11(4): 39–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ray, S. and Ramachandran, K. 1996. Towards a framework for a comprehensive theory of entrepreneurship. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 5(1): 1–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reeder, J.A. 1984. Entrepreneurship in the People’s Republic of China. Columbia Journal of World Business, 19(3): 43–51.

    ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Reid, A. 1993. Southeast Asia in the Age of Commerce 1450–1680. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reynolds, P.D., Hay, M., Bygrave, W.D., Camp, S.M. and Aurio, E. 2000. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2000 Executive Report. Wellesley, MA: Babson College.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rotter, J.B. 1966. Generalized expectation for internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80: 609.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M. 1997. Cooperation and differentiation: Social history of iron founders in central Java. In M. Rutten and C. Upandhya (eds.), Small Business Entrepreneurs in Asia and Europe (pp. 173–207). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M. 2001. Family enterprises and business partnerships: Rural entrepreneurs in India, Malaysia and Indonesia. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 10(2): 165–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sabbarwal, S. 1994. Determinants of entrepreneurial start-ups. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(1): 69–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saini, J.S. and Bhatia, B.S. 1996. Impact of entrepreneurship development programmes. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 5(1): 65–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sanchez, Jr. C. 1983. How nontraditionals have spearheaded Philippine export growth. International Trade Forum, 19(2): 16–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schermerhorn, Jr. J.R. 2000. Planning and investment minister Tran Xyan Gia on foreign investment and the Vietnamese business environment. The Academy of Management Executive, 14(4): 8–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumpeter, J.A. (1952). Capitalism, socialism and democracy. London: G. Allen & Unwin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Selmer, J. and de Leon, C. 1996. Parent cultural controls through organizational acculturation. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 17: 557–572.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sengupta, S.K. and Debnath, S.K. 1994. Need for achievement and entrepreneurial success: A study of entrepreneurs in two rural industries in West Bengal. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(2): 191–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ser, T.T. 1998. A taxonomy of SME development schemes. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 6(3): 323–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sexton, D.L. and Landström, H. 2000. Handbook of Entrepreneurship. Oxford: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sexton, D.L. and Smilor, R.W. 1986. The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharpe, P. 1994. Building an entrepreneurial mindset in young children in Singapore. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 2(1): 617–628.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Shi, X. 1992. The development process of small businesses with a detailed breakdown: A case study of the Western district of Beijing. Social Science in China, 5: 19–38.

    ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sims, C. 2000a. Indonesia cracks down on terrorists in Irian Jaya. New York Times, Dec. 4: A6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sims, C. 2000b. Indonesia ponders the law, their hearts, Suharto’s fate. New York Times, Sept. 30: A6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, K.A. and Krishna, K.V.S.M. 1994. Agriculture entrepreneurship: The concept and evidence. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(1): 97–111.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, K.P. 1993. Women entrepreneurs: Their profile and motivation. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 2(1): 47–58.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, N. 2002. Institutionalisation of rural entrepreneurship through NGOs: Introspection from case studies. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 11(1): 55–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S.K. 1999. Panchayat udyogs in Uttar Pradesh: A democratic experiment in micro enterprise development. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 8(2): 207–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S. 1994. Refugees as entrepreneurs: The case of the Indian bicycle industry. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 3(1): 81–96.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S. 1997. Aspects of entrepreneurship in primary food processing industries in Asia. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 6(2): 223–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S. 2001. Employment, efficiency and entrepreneurship in small industry: A study of baking industry in Punjab, India. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 10(1): 71–88.

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Sinha, T.N. 1996. Human factors in entrepreneurship effectiveness. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 5(1): 23–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siu, M. and Martin, R. 1992. Successful entrepreneurship in Hong Kong. Long Range Planning, 25(6): 87–93.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Siu, W.S, and Kirby, D.A. 1995. Marketing in Chinese small businesses: Tentative theory. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 309–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siu, W.S., Liu, Z.C. and Tseng, C.S. 1993. Private entrepreneurs in China: An exploratory study. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 1(2): 203–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Skinner, W.G. 1957. Chinese Society in Thailand: An Analytical History. Ithica, NY: Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swierczek, F.W. 1994. Exploring entrepreneurship cultures in Southeast Asia. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 21(2): 687–708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tambunan, T. 1994. Rural small-scale industries in developing regions: Sign of poverty or progress? A case study in Ciomas subdistrict, West Java province, Indonesia. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 6(1): 1–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, C. 1987. Entrepreneurial development in the People’s Republic of China. International Small Business Journal, 5(2): 37–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, J. 1996. Regulatory environment and strategic orientation in a transitional economy: A study of Chinese private enterprise. Entrepreneurship theory and Practice, 21(1): 31–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, J. 2001. Innovation and risk taking in a transitional economy: A comparative study of Chinese managers and entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(4): 359–376.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, J. 2002. Culture, nation, and entrepreneurial strategic orientations: Implications for an emerging economy. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26(4): 95–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tan, W.L. and Allampalli, D.G. 1999. The professionalizaiton of Chinese family business in Singapore. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 7(2): 197–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, W.L., Siew, L.K. and Tan, W.H. 1995. Entrepreneurial spirit among tertiary students in Singapore. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(2): 211–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan, W.C.M. and Tay, R.S.T. 1995. Factors contributing to the growth of SMEs: The Singapore case. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(2): 197–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tang, H.K. 1994. The new audacious technopreneurs. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 2(3): 857–870.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tashiro, Y. 1999. Business angels in Japan. Venture Capital, 1(3): 259–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teo, S. and Cheong, S. 1994. Difficulties faced by SMEs in obtaining financing from financial institutions. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 2(4): 955–968.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teoh, H.Y. and Foo, S.L. 1997. Moderating effects of tolerance for ambiguity and risk taking propensity on the role conflict-perceived performance relationship: Evidence from Singapore entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 12(1): 67–81.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Thammapreechakorn, P. and Kritsada, P. 1990. Ceramic Art in Thailand. Bangkok: Acme Printing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trigo, V. 1995. Chinese entrepreneurs in action: The case of Tian He industrial development zone. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 389–403.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang, E.W.K. 1994. Threats and opportunities faced by private business in China. Journal of Business Venturing, 9(6): 451–468.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang, E.W.K. 1996. In search of legitimacy: The private entrepreneurs in China. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(1): 21–30.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang, E.W.K. 1997. The intersector flow of entrepreneurial spirit in China. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 6(3): 229–236.

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tsang, E.W.K. 2002. Learning from overseas venturing experiences: The case of the Chinese family firm. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(1): 21–40.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Vachani, S. 1998. A preliminary framework for explaining the “success” of the international ventures of small-and medium sized companies. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 6(4): 429–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vijaya, V. and Kamalanabhan, T.J. 1998. A scale to access entrepreneurial motivation. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, 7(2): 183–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C.K. and Sim, V.Y.L. 2001. Exit strategies of venture capital-backed companies in Singapore. Venture Capital, 3(4): 337–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, T.E. 2000. The “No haste, be patient” policy and Taiwan’s security. Division of Strategic and International Studies. Taiwan Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, M. 1935. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of capitalism. New York: Scribner.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster, L. and Boring, D. 2000. The Private Manufacturing Sector in Cambodia: A Survey of 63 Firms. Hanoi: Mekong Project Development Facility (Private Sector Discussion No. 11).

    Google Scholar 

  • White, S., Gao, J. and Zhang, W. 2002. China’s Venture Capital Industry: Industry Trajectories and System Structure. (Unpublished manuscript, presented at the International Conference on Financial Systems, Corporate Investment in Innovation and Venture Capital, Brussels).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wickramanayake, E., Chen, Y. and Wen, M. 1995. Resurrection of the private micro-enterprises in China: Experience in urban and rural Areas. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 3(3): 293–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wijewardena, H. and Cooray, S. 1996. Factors contributing to the growth of small manufacturing firms: Perceptions of Japanese owner managers. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(4): 351–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, E.E. and Li, J. 1993. Rural entrepreneurship in the People’s Republic of China. Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Change, 2(1): 41–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wimalatissa, W.A. 1996. The emerging class of businesswomen and women-owned businesses in Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(3): 287–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wong, S.Y., Wong, C.L.Y., Kwan, R.Y.K. and Gansham, V.C. 1994. A conceptual model for depicting the relationship between entrepreneurs and the environmental factors in Singapore. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 1(3–4): 449–472.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, M., Pruthi, S. and Lockett, A. 2002. Venture capital firm internationalization and monitoring high tech entrepreneurship: The case of India. In P. Phan (ed.), Technology and Entrepreneurship (pp. 149–181). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.

    Google Scholar 

  • Xin, K.R. and Pearce, J.L. 1996. Guanxi connections as substitutes for formal institutional support. Academy of Management Journal, 39(6): 1641–1658.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshihara, K. 1988. The Rise of Ersartz Capitalism in South-East Asia. Singapore: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yu, T.F.L. 1999. Bringing entrepreneurship back in: Explaining the industrial dynamics of Hong Kong with special reference to the textile and garment industry. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 5(5): 235–250.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, T.F.L. 2000. Hong Kong’s entrepreneurship: Behaviours and determinants. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 12(3): 179–194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yu, Y.S. 1986. Rujia sixiang yu jingji faxhan: Zhongguo jinshi zongjiao lunli yu shangren jingshen [Confucian thought and economic development: Early modern Chinese religious ethics and the spirit of the merchant class]. Zhishi Fenzi [The Chinese Intellectual], 2(2): 3–45.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Zapalska, A.M. and Edwards, W. 2001. Chinese entrepreneurship in a cultural and economic perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 39(3): 286–292.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, Y., Fu, J., Wong, M.Y. and Stewart, S.E.A. 1996. The “catfish effect” of the private sector on the economy of the People’s Republic of China. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 4(4): 331–349.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, L. and Aram, J.D. 1995. Networking and growth of young technology-intensive ventures in China. Journal of Business Venturing, 10(5): 349–370.

    Article  ISI  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, M. 1993. Non-agricultural industrial development in Chinese rural area. Development Policy Review, 11(4): 382–392.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zutshi, R.K. 1997. East Asian SMEs: Learning the technology. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 5(2): 165–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, China

    John E. Butler & Stephen Ko

  2. Thammasat University, Thailand

    Wai Chamornmarn

Authors
  1. John E. Butler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Stephen Ko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wai Chamornmarn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

    Kwok Leung

  2. INSEAD, France

    Steven White

  3. INSEAD, Singapore

    Steven White

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Butler, J.E., Ko, S., Chamornmarn, W. (2004). Asian Entrepreneurship Research. In: Leung, K., White, S. (eds) Handbook of Asian Management. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7932-X_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-7932-X_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-7754-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-7932-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation