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Stem Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Cardiovascular Repair pp 25–35Cite as

Myocardial Regeneration: Which Cell and Why

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4. Conclusion

Treatment of damaged myocardium after myocardial infarction by cell transplantation is becoming an increasingly promising therapeutic approach. Ideally, the donor cells should be amplified efficiently in culture and would lead to regeneration of infarcted myocardial tissue, including cardiogenic differentiation with local angiogenesis. Two of the most widely used cell types for cardiac repair today are skeletal muscle-derived progenitors, or myoblasts, and bone marrow-derived progenitors. Both cell types share advantages over other cells used for cardiac repair (or at least for limiting infarcts) in that they are readily available, autologous, exhibit a high proliferative potential in vitro and share a low potential for tumor genesis.

However, the transplantation of autologous cells to repair the heart also has serious drawbacks. It is labor intensive since isolation and cell proliferation has to be done for each patient. This procedure also delays the treatment. The ‘ideal’ cell to treat the heart should be transplantable without delay to any patient without a sustained immunosupression. Such ideal cells may be obtained one day by the genetic engineering of embryonic stem cells.

Through cellular therapies, the concept of “growing” heart muscle and vascular tissue and manipulating the myocardial cellular environment may revolutionize the approach to treating heart disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Génétique humain, Centre de recherché CHUL (CR-CHUL), 2705 boulevard Laurier, Ste-Foy, G1V 4G2, Québec, Canada

    Elmostafa El Fahime & Jacques P. Tremblay

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  1. Elmostafa El Fahime
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  2. Jacques P. Tremblay
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Arizona Heart Institute, 2632 North 20th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85006, USA

    Nabil Dib MD, MSc, FACC (Director of Cardiovascular Research) & Edward B. Diethrich MD (Medical Director) (Director of Cardiovascular Research) &  (Medical Director)

  2. Center for Cardiovascular Repair, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Doris A. Taylor PhD (Director) (Director)

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El Fahime, E., Tremblay, J.P. (2006). Myocardial Regeneration: Which Cell and Why. In: Dib, N., Taylor, D.A., Diethrich, E.B. (eds) Stem Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering for Cardiovascular Repair. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30939-X_2

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