Abstract
The usefulness of biotelemetry (remote measurement of biological information) has been recognized in clinical medicine and animal sciences. In biotelemetry, the radio wave has been commonly used as a transmission medium. To answer many new demands for biotelemetry and to overcome various problems of radio telemetry, a technological method called optical biotelemetry has been developed. Using light as a transmission medium, the bandwidth for signal transmission is greatly increased and many EMI problems can be solved. Technical considerations required to realize the optical biotelemetry were presented. On the devices for optical biotelemetry, the wavelength of light, light sources, light detecting elements and the measures for optical noises were discussed. On data transmission, analogue and digital communication, modulation methods, intelligent transmission and multiplexing methods were discussed. To develop an optical biotelemetry technique, we need to know the characteristics of light propagation. The optical characteristics of body surface tissue and the distribution of indirect light in a room were discussed for transcutaneous telemetry and ambulatory telemetry using indirect light, respectively. Two techniques were proposed for multi-channel optical biotelemetry. They were the applications of a pulse-burst method and the spread spectrum method. As concrete examples of optical biotelemetry, some applications of this method to practical use are presented. They are the transcutaneous ECG telemetry, non-contact measurement of body surface displacement, ambulatory telemetry, multi-channel biotelemetry and data transmission between medical equipments. With its promising potential, it is expected that the optical biotelemetry opens new possibilities for further development of biotelemetry.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
R.S. Mackay, Bio-Medical Telemetry (IEEE Press, New York, 1993).
International Society on Biotelemetry, Biotelemetry, Series of publications, http://www.biotelemetry.org.
K. Shimizu, Optical biotelemetry, Japanese Journal of Medical Electronics and Biological Engineering (in Japanese), 18(7), 492–498 (1980).
H. P. Kimmich, Biotelemetry based on optical transmission, Biotelemetry and Patient Monitoring, 9, 129–143 (1982).
K. Shimizu, Fundamentals for biotelemetry; Engineering, Biotelemetry, 11, 179–184 (1991).
S. Tsuda, K. Shimizu and G. Matsumoto, Efficient application of coding technique for data compression of ECG, IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst., E76-D(12), 1425–1433 (1993).
H. Murakami, K. Shimizu, K. Yamamoto, T. Mikami, N. Hoshimiya, K. Kondo, Telemedicine using mobile satellite communication. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 41(5), 488–497 (1994).
N. Kudo, K. Shimizu and G. Matsumoto, Fundamental study on transcutaneous biotelemetry using diffused light, Frontiers of Medical and Biological Engineering, 1(1), 19–28 (1988).
V. Tuchin, Tissue Optics (SPIE Press, Bellingham, 2000).
N. Kudo, K. Shimizu and G. Matsumoto, Optical biotelemetry using indirect light transmission, Biotelemetry, 9, 55–58 (1987).
S. Matsuda, K. Shimizu, K. Yamamoto and T. Mikami, Multiplexing technique for the optical telemetry using indirect light transmission, Biotelemetry, 11, 54–57 (1991).
K. Shimizu, N. Toya and K. Yamamoto, Application of spread spectrum technique for multichannel transmission in optical telemetry, Biotelemetry, 14, 97–102 (1998).
K. Shimizu, K. Kobayashi and G. Matsumoto, Respiratory and cardiac monitoring of neonate by non-contact optical technique, Biotelemetry, 10, 626–632 (1989).
K. Shimizu, Measurement of body surface displacement by light (in Japanese), BME, 4(4), 33–43 (1990).
K. Shimizu, Optical biotelemetry (in Japanese). Jap J. Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine, 44(2), 317–324 (1995).
H. Odagiri, K. Shimizu and G. Matsumoto, Free-space optical data link for multi-dimensional biological information (in Japanese), Memoirs of Hokkaido Institute of Technology, 16, 1–8 (1988).
H. Odagiri, K. Shimizu and G. Matsumoto, Free-space optical data link for multi-dimensional biological information II(in Japanese), Memoirs of Hokkaido Institute of Technology, 17, 1–9 (1989).
N. Toya, and K. Shimizu, Fundamental analysis of multichannel spread spectrum data transmission using indirect scattered light (in Japanese), IEICE Trans., J83-B(6), 780–788 (2000).
N. Toya and K. Shimizu, Performance analysis of spread spectrum data transmission for biotelemetry using indirect IR light, Biotelemetry, 16, in press.
K. Shimizu, Telemedicine by mobile communication, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol., 18(4), 32–44 (1999).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shimizu, K. (2005). Optical Biotelemetry. In: Lin, J.C. (eds) Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems. Advances in Electromagnetic Fields in Living Systems, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-24024-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-24024-1_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-23997-2
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-24024-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)