Skip to main content

We Should Measure Change-and Here’s How

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: The Plenum Series in Social/Clinical Psychology ((SSSC))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bagozzi, R. P., & Edwards, J. R. (1998). A general approach for representing constructs in organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 1, 45–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedeian, A. G., Day, D. V., Edwards, J. R., Tisak, J. T., & Smith, C. S. (1994). Difference scores: Rationale, formulation, and interpretation. Journal of Management, 20, 673–674.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238–246.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88, 588–600.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blazer, D., Hughes, D. C., & George, L. K. (1987). The epidemiology of depression in an elderly community population. Gerontologist, 27, 281–287.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136–162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burchinall, M., & Appelbaum, M. I. (1987). Estimating individual developmental functions: Methods and their assumptions. Child Development, 62, 23–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkhauser, R. V., Duncan, G. J., & Hauser, R. (1994). Sharing prosperity across the age distribution: A comparison of the United States and Germany in the 1980s. Gerontologist, 34, 150–160.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burr, J. A., & Nesselroade, J. R. (1990). Change measurement. In A. von Eye (Ed.), Statistical methods in longitudinal research (Vol. 1, pp. 3–34). Boston: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, B. M. (1989). Multigroup comparisons and the assumption of equivalent construct validity across groups: Methodological and substantive issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 24, 503–523.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, B. M. (1996). The status and role of quantitative methods in psychology: Past, present and future perspectives. Canadian Psychology, 37, 76–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cattell, R. B. (1966). Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, S., Mermelstein, R., Karmack, T., & Hoberman, H. M. (1985). Measuring the functional components of social support. In I. G. Sarason & B. R. Sarason (Eds.), Social support: Theory, research, und applications (pp. 73–94). Boston: Martin Nijkoff.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, L. M. (1996). Measurement of change in research on aging: Old and new issues from an individual growth perspective. In J. E. Birren & K. W.Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (4th ed., pp. 38–56). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cronbach, L. J. (1992). Four Psychological Bulletin articles in perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 389–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cronbach, L. J., & Furby, L. (1970). How should we measure “change”-or should we? Psychological Bulletin, 74, 68–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cumsille, P. E., & Sayer, A. G. (1998, October). A comparison offirst-and second-order latent growth modeling of alcohol expectancies in adolescence. Paper presented at the conference New Method for the Analysis of Change, State College, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davey, A., & Eggebeen, D.J. (1998). Patterns of intergenerational exchange and mental health. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 53B, P86–P95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, S. C., & Duncan, T. E. (1994). Modeling incomplete longitudinal substance use data using latent variable growth curve methodology. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 29, 313–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, S. C., & Duncan, T. E. (1996). A multivariate latent growth curve analysis of adolescent substance use. Structural Equation Modeling, 3, 323–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, S. C., Duncan, T. E., & Hops, H. (1996). Analysis of longitudinal data within accelerated longitudinal designs. Psychological Methods, 1, 236–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, T. E., & Duncan, S. C. (1995). Modeling the processes of development via latent variable growth curve methodology. Structural Equation Modeling, 2, 178–213.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, T. E., Duncan, S. C., Alpert, A., Hop, H., Stoolmiller, M., & Muthén, B. (1997). Latent variable modeling of longitudinal and multilevel substance use data. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 32, 275–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, T. E., Duncan, S. C., & Stoolmiller, M. (1994). Modeling developmental processes using latent growth structural equation modeling. Applied Psychological Measurement, 18, 343–354.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, J. R. (1994). The study of congruence in organizational behavior research: Critique and a proposed alternative. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 58, 141–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ekerdt, D. J., & DeViney, S. (1993). Evidence for a preretirement process among older male workers. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 2, S35–S43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giambra, L. M., Arenberg, D., Zonderman, A. B., Kawas, C., & Costa, P. T., Jr. (1995). Adult life span changes in immediate visual memory and verbal intelligence. Psychology and Aging, 10, 123–139.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hertzog, C. (1996). Research design in studies of aging and cognition. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of psychology of aging (4th ed., pp. 24–37). San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horn J. L., & McArdle, J. J. (1992). A practical and theoretical guide to measurement invariance in aging research. Experimental Aging Research, 18, 117–144.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • James, L. R., Mulaik, S. A., & Brett, J. M. (1982). Causal analysis: Models, assumptions, and data. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, C. J., & Meredith, W. (1966). Patterns of personality change across the life span. Psychology and Aging, 11, 57–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8 user’s guide. Chicago: Scientific Software.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keppel, G. (1982). Design and analysis: A researcher’s handbook (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lance, C. E., & Vandenberg, R. J. (in press). Latent growth models of individual change: The case of newcomer adjustment. Organizational Behavior and Human Processes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Little, T. D. (1997). Mean and covariance structures (MACS) analysis of cross-cultural data: Practical and theoretical issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 32, 53–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lord, F. M., & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical theories of mental test scores. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manton, K. G., Stallard, E., & Corder, L. (1995). Changes ion morbidity and chronic disability in the U.S. elderly population: Evidence from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 national long term care surveys. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 4, S194–S204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maris, E. (1998). Covariance adjustment versus gain scores-revisited. Psychological Methods, 3, 309–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, H. W. (1994). Confirmatory factor analysis models of factorial invariance: A multifaceted approach. Structural Equation Modeling, 1, 5–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, H. W., Balla, J. R., & McDonald, R. P. (1988). Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis: The effect of sample size. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 391–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathew, R., Weinman, M., & Mirabi, M. (1981). Physical symptoms of depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 293–296.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J. (1988). Dynamic but structural equation modeling of repeated measures data. In J. R. Nesselroade & R. B. Cattell (Eds.), Handbook of multivariate experimental psychology (2nd ed., pp. 561–614). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., & Aber, M. S. (1990). Patterns of change within latent variable structural equation models. In A. von Eye (Ed.), Statistical methods in longitudinal research (Vol. 1, pp. 151–224). Boston: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., & Anderson, E. (1990). Latent growth models for research on aging. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (3rd ed., pp. 21–44) San Diego: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., & Hamagami, F. (1992). Modeling incomplete longitudinal and cross-sectional data using latent growth structural models. Experimental Aging Research, 18, 145–166.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J,, & Hamagami, F. (1998, October). Linear dynamic analyses with incomplete longitudinal data using raw data structural equation modeling techniques. Paper presented at the conference New Method for the Analysis of Change, State College, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., Hamagami, F., Elias, M. F., & Robbins, M. A. (1991). Structural modeling of mixed longitudinal and cross-sectional data. Experimental Aging Research, 17, 29–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., & Prescott, C. A. (1992). Age-based construct validation using structural equation modeling. Experimental Aging Research, 18, 87–115.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McArdle, J. J., Prescott, C. A., Hamagami, F., & Horn, J. L. (1998). A contemporary method for developmental-genetic analyses of age changes in intellectual abilities. Developmental Neuropsychology, 14, 69–114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, R. P., & Mulaik, S. A. (1979). Determinacy of common factors: A nontechnical review. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 297–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Medsker, G. J., & Williams, L. J. (1994). A review of current practices for evaluating causal models in organizational behavior and human resources management research. Journal of Management, 20, 439–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meredith, W. (1964a). Notes on factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 29, 177–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meredith, W. (1964b). Rotation to achieve factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 29, 187–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis, and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58, 525–543.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Millsap, R. E., & Everson, H. (1991). Confirmatory measurement models using latent means. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 26, 479–497.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mulaik, S. A. (1972). Foundations of factor analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muthen, B. (1991). Analysis of longitudinal data using latent variable models with varying parameters. In L. Collins & J. Horn (Eds.), Best methods for the analysis of change: Recent advances, unanswered questions, future directions (pp. 1–17). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nesselroade, J. R., & Thompson, W. W. (1995). Selection and related threats to group comparisons: An example comparing factorial structures of higher and lower ability groups of adult twins. Psychological Bulletin, 227, 271–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parmelee, P. A., Katz, I. R., & Lawton, M. P. (1991). The relation of pain to depression among institution-alized aged. Journal of Gerontology, 46, 15–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavalko, E. K., & Artis, J. E. (1997). Women’s caregiving and paid work Causal relationships in late midlife. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 52B, S170–S197

    Google Scholar 

  • Ranzijn, R., Keeves, J., Luszcz, M., & Feather, N. T. (1998). The role of self-perceived usefulness and competence in the self-esteem of elderly adults: Confirmatory factor analyses of the Bachman revision of Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 53B. P96–P104.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao, C. R. (1958). Some statistical methods for the comparison of growth curves. Biometrics, 14, 1–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raykov, T.(1992). Structural models for studying correlates and predictors of change. Australian Journal of Psychology, 44, 101–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raykov, T. (1993). A structural equation model for measuring residualized change and discerning patterns of growth or decline. Applied Psychological Measurement, 27, 53–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raykov, T. (1994). Studying correlates and predictors of longitudinal change using structural equation modeling. Applied Psychological Measurement, 18, 63–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogosa, D. (1988). Myths about longitudinal research. In K. W. Schaie, R. T. Campbell, W. Meredith, & S. C. Rawlings (Eds.), Methodological issues in aging research (pp. 171–209). New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sayer, A. G. (1998, October). Second-order latent growth models. Paper presented at the New Methods for the Analysis of Change Conference, State College, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaie, K. W., & Hertzog, C. (1985). Measurement in the psychology of adulthood and aging. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (2nd ed., pp. 61–92). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaie, K. W., Maitland, S. B., Willis, S. L., & Intrieri, R. C. (1998). Longitudinal invariance of adult psychometric ability factor structures across 7 years. Psychology and Aging, 23, 8–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1996). Measurement error in psychological research: Lessons from 26 research scenarios. Psychological Methods, 2, 199–223.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R. (1985). Emotions and affect. In J. E. Birren & K. W. Schaie (Eds.), Handbook of the psychology of aging (2nd ed., pp. 531–543). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

    Google Scholar 

  • Small, B. J., Basun, H., & Backman, L. (1998). Three-year changes in cognitive performance as a function of apolipoprotein E genotype: Evidence from very old adults without dementia. Psychology and Aging, 13, 80–87.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stemberg, R. J. (1992). Psychological Bulletin’s top 10 “Hit Parade.” Psychological Bulletin, 112, 387–388.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stone-Romero, E. F., Weaver, A. E., & Glenar, J. L. (1995). Trends in research design and data analytic strategies in organizational research. Journal of Management, 21, 141–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tisak, J., & Meredith, W. (1990). Descriptive and associative developmental models. In A. von Eye (Ed.), Statistical methods in longitudinal research (Vol. 2, pp. 387–406). Boston: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, J. S., Friedman, H. S., Tsai, C. M., & Martin, L. R. (1995). Playing with pets and longevity among older people. Psychology and Aging, 10, 3–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, L. R. (1958). Determination of parameters of a functional relation by factor analysis. Psychometrika, 23, 19–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, A. J. Jr., Acock, A. C., Bowman, S. R., & Li, F. (1996). Amount of care given and caregiving satisfaction: A latent growth curve analysis. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 3, P130–P142.

    Google Scholar 

  • Willett, J. B., & Sayer, A. G. (1994). Using covariance structure analysis to detect correlates and predictors of individual change over time. Psychological Bulletin. 116, 363–381.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Willett, J. B., & Sayer, A. G. (1996). Cross-domain analyses of change over time: Combining growth modeling and covariance structure analysis. In G. A. Marcoulides & R. E. Schumacker (Eds.), Advanced structural equation modeling: Issues and techniques (pp. 125–157). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R. H., & Zimmerman, D. W. (1996). Are simple gain scores obsolete? Applied Psychological Measurement, 20, 59–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, G. M., & Schulz, R. (1992). Physical illness and symptoms of depression among elderly outpatients. Psychology and Aging, 7, 343–351.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, G. M., & Schulz, R. (1995). Activity restriction mediates the association between pain and depressed affect: A study of younger and older cancer patients. Psychology and Aging, 10, 369–378.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lance, C.E., Meade, A.W., Williamson, G.M. (2002). We Should Measure Change-and Here’s How. In: Williamson, G.M., Shaffer, D.R., Parmelee, P.A. (eds) Physical Illness and Depression in Older Adults. The Plenum Series in Social/Clinical Psychology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47178-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47178-7_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-306-46269-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-306-47178-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics