Abstract
Ongoing research work on an Answer Validation System (AV) based on Textual Entailment and Question Answering has been presented. A number of answer validation modules have been developed based on Textual Entailment, Named Entity Recognition, Question-Answer type analysis, Chunk boundary module and Syntactic similarity module. These answer validation modules have been integrated using a voting technique. We combine the question and the answer into the Hypothesis (H) and the Supporting Text as Text (T) to identify the entailment relation as either “VALIDATED” or “REJECTED”. The important features in the lexical Textual Entailment module are: WordNet based unigram match, bi-gram match and skip-gram. In the syntactic similarity module, the important features used are: subject-subject comparison, subject-verb comparison, object-verb comparison and cross subject-verb comparison. The precision, recall and f-score of the integrated AV system on the AVE 2008 English annotated test set have been observed as 0.66, 0.65 and 0.65 respectively that outperforms the best performing system at AVE 2008 in terms of f-score.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Peñas, A., Rodrigo, Á., Sama, V., Verdejo, F.: Overview of the answer validation exercise 2006. In: Peters, C., Clough, P., Gey, F.C., Karlgren, J., Magnini, B., Oard, D.W., de Rijke, M., Stempfhuber, M. (eds.) CLEF 2006. LNCS, vol. 4730, pp. 257–264. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Peñas, A., Rodrigo, Á., Verdejo, F.: Overview of the answer validation exercise 2007. In: Peters, C., Jijkoun, V., Mandl, T., Müller, H., Oard, D.W., Peñas, A., Petras, V., Santos, D. (eds.) CLEF 2007. LNCS, vol. 5152, pp. 237–248. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Rodrigo, Á., Peñas, A., Verdejo, F.: Overview of the answer validation exercise 2008. In: Peters, C., Deselaers, T., Ferro, N., Gonzalo, J., Jones, G.J.F., Kurimo, M., Mandl, T., Peñas, A., Petras, V. (eds.) CLEF 2008. LNCS, vol. 5706, pp. 296–313. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Dagan, I., Glickman, O., Magnini, B.: The PASCAL Recognising Textual Entailment Challenge. In: Proceedings of the PASCAL Challenges Workshop on RTE (2005)
Rodrigo, Á., Peñas, A., Verdejo, F.: UNED at Answer Validation Exercise 2007. In: Peters, C., Jijkoun, V., Mandl, T., Müller, H., Oard, D.W., Peñas, A., Petras, V., Santos, D. (eds.) CLEF 2007. LNCS, vol. 5152, pp. 404–409. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Wang, R., Neumann, G.: DFKI–LT at AVE 2007: Using Recognizing Textual Entailment as a Core Engine for Answer Validation. In: Peters, C., Jijkoun, V., Mandl, T., Müller, H., Oard, D.W., Peñas, A., Petras, V., Santos, D. (eds.) CLEF 2007. LNCS, vol. 5152, pp. 387–390. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)
Iftene, A., Balahur-Dobrescu, A.: Answer Validation on English and Romanian Languages. In: Peters, C., Deselaers, T., Ferro, N., Gonzalo, J., Jones, G.J.F., Kurimo, M., Mandl, T., Peñas, A., Petras, V. (eds.) CLEF 2008. LNCS, vol. 5706, pp. 448–451. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Wang, R., Neumann, G.: Information Synthesis for Answer Validation. In: Peters, C., Deselaers, T., Ferro, N., Gonzalo, J., Jones, G.J.F., Kurimo, M., Mandl, T., Peñas, A., Petras, V. (eds.) CLEF 2008. LNCS, vol. 5706, pp. 472–475. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Pakray, P., Pal, S., Bandyopadhyay, S., Gelbukh, A.: Automatic Answer Validation System on English Language. In: IEEE ICACTE 2010, vol. 6, pp. 329–333 (2010)
Pakray, P., Bandyopadhyay, S., Gelbukh, A.: Lexical based two-way RTE System at RTE-5. System Report. In: TAC Recognizing Textual Entailment Track Notebook (2009)
Pakray, P., Gelbukh, A., Bandyopadhyay, S.: A Syntactic Textual Entailment System Based on Dependency Parser. In: Gelbukh, A. (ed.) CICLing 2010. LNCS, vol. 6008, pp. 269–278. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Marneffe, M., MacCartney, B., Manning, C.D.: Generating Typed Dependency Parses from Phrase Structure Parses. In: 5th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC (2006)
Briscoe, E., Carroll, J., Watson, R.: The Second Release of the RASP System. In: Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Interactive Presentation Session (2006)
Pakray, P., Gelbukh, A., Bandyopadhyay, S.: Answer Validation Using Textual Entailment. In: Gelbukh, A. (ed.) CICLing 2011, Part II. LNCS, vol. 6609, pp. 353–364. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Pakray, P., Poria, S., Gelbukh, A., Bandyopadhyay, S.: Semantic Textual Entailment using UNL. In: 12th CICLing-2011, Japan (2011) (will be published in IJCLA Journal)
Pakray, P., Gelbukh, A., Bandyopadhyay, S.: A Hybrid Textual Entailment System using Lexical and Syntactic Features. In: 9th IEEE ICCI 2010, pp. 291–295 (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pakray, P. (2011). Answer Validation through Textual Entailment. In: Muñoz, R., Montoyo, A., Métais, E. (eds) Natural Language Processing and Information Systems. NLDB 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 6716. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22327-3_48
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-22327-3_48
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-22326-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-22327-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)