Shallow flows are widespread in nature and engineering. Examples include shallow wakes (flows behind obstacles such as islands), shallow mixing layers (flows at river junctions) and shallow jets. Shallow flows, where the transverse length scale of the flow, d, is much larger than water depth, h, i.e., d/h ≫ 1, are very different from deep water flows. This difference is associated with the fact that bottom friction plays an important role in suppressing flow instability. In addition, limited water depth prevents the development of three-dimensional instabilities.
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Kolyshkin, A., Nazarovs, S. (2008). The Effect of Particles on Linear and Weakly Nonlinear Instability of a Two-Phase Shallow Flows. In: Bonilla, L.L., Moscoso, M., Platero, G., Vega, J.M. (eds) Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2006. Mathematics in Industry, vol 12. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71992-2_135
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