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Molecular Breeding for Sustainable Crop Improvement pp 31–59Cite as

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping in Plants: Concepts and Approaches

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Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 11))

Abstract

The narrow genetic base of modern crop cultivars is a serious obstacle to sustain and improve crop productivity due to rapidly occurring vulnerability of genetically uniform cultivars to potentially new biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant germplasm resources, originated from a number of historical genetic events as a response to environmental stresses and selection, are the important reservoirs of natural genetic variations that can be exploited to increase the genetic base of the cultivars. However, many agriculturally important traits such as productivity and quality, tolerance to environmental stresses, and some of forms of disease resistance are quantitative (also called polygenic, continuous, multifactorial, or complex traits) in nature. The genetic variation of a quantitative trait is controlled by the collective effects of numerous genes, known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Identification of QTLs of agronomic importance and its utilization in a crop improvement requires mapping of these QTLs in the genome of crop species using molecular markers. This review will focus on the basic concepts and a brief description of existing methodologies for QTL mapping and their merits and demerits including traditional biparental mapping and the advanced linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based association mapping. Examples of some of the recent studies on association mapping in various crop species are provided to demonstrate the merits of high-resolution association mapping approach over traditional mapping methods. This review thus will provide non-expert readers of crop breeding community an opportunity to develop a basic understanding of dissecting and exploiting natural variations for crop improvement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Km.45, Carretera, Mex-Veracruz El Batan, Texcoco, CP 56130, Edo. de México, Mexico

    Deepmala Sehgal

  2. Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India

    Richa Singh

  3. Department of Botany, HansRaj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 11007, India

    Vijay Rani Rajpal

Authors
  1. Deepmala Sehgal
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  2. Richa Singh
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  3. Vijay Rani Rajpal
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Correspondence to Deepmala Sehgal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Delhi University, Delhi, India

    Vijay Rani Rajpal

  2. Dept. of Biotech and Bioinformatics, North Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Megalaya, India

    S. Rama Rao

  3. Amity University of Biotechnology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    S.N. Raina

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Sehgal, D., Singh, R., Rajpal, V.R. (2016). Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping in Plants: Concepts and Approaches. In: Rajpal, V., Rao, S., Raina, S. (eds) Molecular Breeding for Sustainable Crop Improvement. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27090-6_2

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