Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
SpringerLink
Log in

Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis of Corrosion Affected Structures

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Numerical Methods for Reliability and Safety Assessment

  • 2466 Accesses

Abstract

Incorporating the effect of corrosion into the reliability analysis of a structure is of paramount importance. Since deterioration due to corrosion is uncertain over time, it should ideally be represented as a time-dependent probabilistic (i.e. stochastic) process. For a more accurate reliability analysis and failure assessment, the multi-failure mode analysis of structures is explained in this chapter.

Sensitivity analysis is also discussed as a key part of reliability analysis from which the effect of different variables on service life of the structure can be investigated.

Worked examples of some structures such as cast iron water mains, concrete sewers and post-tension concrete bridges will also be presented and the results are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 29.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 37.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdel-Hameed M (1975) A gamma wear process. IEEE Trans Reliab 24(2):152–153

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • ACI 318M (2008) Building code requirements for reinforced concrete. ACI, Farmington Hills

    Google Scholar 

  • Ahammed M, Melchers RE (1994) Reliability of underground pipelines subject to corrosion. J Transport Eng 120(6):989–1002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahammed M, Melchers RE (1997) Probabilistic analysis of underground pipelines subject to combined stress and corrosion. Eng Struct 19(12):988–994

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al Laham S (1999) Stress intensity factor and limit load handbook. Structural Integrity Branch British Energy Generation Ltd., EPD/GEN/REP/0316/98, issue 2

    Google Scholar 

  • Anon (2002) Localized corrosion, module 0 course notes. In: Corrosion and Protection Centre (CPC), University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), Manchester, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • ASCE Manuals and Reports of Engineering Practice No. 60 (2007) Gravity sanitary sewers, 2nd edn. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • ASCE Manuals and Reports of Engineering Practice—No. 69 (1989) Sulphide in wastewater collection and treatment systems. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • ASTM-E1820-01 (2001) Standard test method for measurement of fracture toughness, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA

    Google Scholar 

  • Baboian R (1995) Environmental conditions affecting transport infrastructure. Mater Perform 34(9):48–52

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogdanoff JL, Kozin F (1985) Probabilistic models of cumulative damage. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Camarinopoulos L, Chatzoulis A, Frontistou-Yannas S, Kallidromitis V (1999) Assessment of the time-dependent structural reliability of buried water mains. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 65:41–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaker V (Ed) (1992) Corrosion forms & control for infrastructure. ASTM STP 1137, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Cinlar E, Bazant ZP, Osman E (1977) Stochastic process for extrapolating concrete creep. J Eng Mech Div 103(EM6): 1069–1088

    Google Scholar 

  • Darmawan MS, Stewart MG (2007) Spatial time-dependent reliability analysis of corroding pretensioned prestressed concrete bridge girders. Struct Safety 29(1):16–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis P, De Silva D, Gould S, Burn S (2005) Condition assessment and failure prediction for asbestos cement sewer mains. In: Pipes Wagga Wagga Conference, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis P, De Silva D, Marlow D, Moglia M, Gould S, Burn S (2008) Failure prediction and optimal scheduling of replacements in asbestos cement water pipes. J Water Supply Res Technol 57(4):239–252

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawotola AW, Trafalis TB, Mustaffa Z, van Gelder PHAJM, Vrijling JK (2013) Risk based maintenance of a cross-country petroleum pipeline system. J Pipeline Syst Eng Pract. 4(3):141–148

    Google Scholar 

  • De Silva D, Moglia M, Davis P, Burn S (2006) Condition assessment and probabilistic analysis to estimate failure rates in buried metallic pipelines. J Water Supply Res Technol 55(3):179–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Ditlevsen O, Madsen HO (1996) Structural reliability methods. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Du YG, Clark LA, Chan AHC (2005) Residual capacity of corroded reinforcing bars. Mag Concrete Res 57(3):135–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dufresne F, Gerber HU, Shiu ESW (1991) Risk theory with the gamma process. ASTIN Bull 21(2):177–192

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellingwood BR, Mori Y (1993) Probabilistic methods for condition assessment and life prediction of concrete structures in nuclear power plants. Nucl Eng Des 142:155–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Enright MP, Frangopol DM (1998) Probabilistic analysis of resistance degradation of reinforced concrete bridge beams under corrosion. Eng Struct 20(11):960–971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EPA/600/R-12/017 (2012) Condition assessment technologies for water transmission and distribution systems. United States, Environmental Protection Agency

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson TS, Klass MJ (1972) A representation of independent increment processes without Gaussian components. Ann Math Stat 43(5):1634–1643

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fitzpatrick RA (1996) Corrosion of concrete structures in coastal areas. Concrete Int 18(7):46–47

    Google Scholar 

  • González JA, Andrade C, Alonso C, Feliú S (1995) Comparison of rates of general corrosion and maximum pitting penetration on concrete embedded steel reinforcement. Cem Concr Res 25(2):257–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guo T, Sause R, Frangopol DM, Li A (2011) Time-dependent reliability of PSC box-girder bridge considering creep, shrinkage, and corrosion. J Bridge Eng 16(1):29–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hertzberg RW (1996) Deformation and fracture mechanics of engineering materials. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmans GJCM, Pilarczyk KW (1995) Local scour downstream of hydraulic structures. J Hydraul Eng 121(4):326–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kleiner Y, Rajani B, Sadiq R (2005) Risk management of large-diameter water transmission mains. American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO

    Google Scholar 

  • Kucera V, Mattsson E (1987) Atmospheric corrosion. In: Mansfeld F (ed) Corrosion mechanics. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Li CQ (2003) Life cycle modelling of corrosion affected concrete structures-propagation. J Struct Eng 129(6):753–761

    Google Scholar 

  • Li CQ, Mahmoodian M (2013) Risk based service life prediction of underground cast iron pipes subjected to corrosion. J Reliab Eng Syst Safe 119:102–108

    Google Scholar 

  • Li CQ, Melchers RE (2005) Time-dependent reliability analysis of corrosion-induced concrete cracking. ACI Struct J 102(4):543–547

    Google Scholar 

  • Li F, Yuan Y, Li CQ (2011) Corrosion propagation of pre-stressing steel strands in concrete subject to chloride attack. J Constr Build Mater, 25(10):3878–3885

    Google Scholar 

  • Lillie K, Reed C, Rodgers M (2004) Workshop on condition assessment inspection devices for water transmission mains. AWWA Research Foundation, Denver, CO

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoodian M, Alani A (2013a) Modelling deterioration in concrete pipes as a stochastic gamma process for time dependent reliability analysis, ASCE. J Pipeline Syst Eng Pract 5(1):04013008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoodian M, Alani A (2013b) Multi failure mode assessment of buried concrete pipes subjected to time dependent deterioration using system reliability analysis. J Fail Anal Prev 13(5):634–642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoodian M, Li CQ (2012) Failure assessment of a pre-stressed concrete bridge using time dependent system reliability method. In: 29th international bridge conference, Pittsburgh, PA, 10–13 June

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoodian M, Alani A, Tee KF (2012) Stochastic failure analysis of the gusset plates in the Mississippi River Bridge. Int J Forensic Eng 1(2):153–166

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mann E, Frey J (2011) Optimized pipe renewal programs ensure cost-effective asset management. Pipelines 2011:44–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall P (2001) The residual structural properties of cast iron pipes—structural and design criteria for linings for water mains. UK Water Industry Research

    Google Scholar 

  • Melchers RE (1999) Structural reliability analysis and prediction, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Misiunas D (2005) Failure monitoring and asset condition assessment in water supply systems. PhD dissertation, Department of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation Lund University

    Google Scholar 

  • Moglia M, Davis P, Burn S (2008) Strong exploration of a cast iron pipe failure model. J Reliab Eng Syst Safety 93:863–874

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicolai RP, Budai G, Dekker R, Vreijling M (2004) Modeling the deterioration of the coating on steel structures: a comparison of methods. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on systems, man and cybernetics, IEEE, Danvers, pp 4177–4182

    Google Scholar 

  • Noortwijk JM, Frangopol DM (2004) Two probabilistic life-cycle maintenance models for deteriorating civil infrastructures. Probab Eng Mech 19(4):345–359, p 77–83

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noortwijk JM, Klatter HE (1999) Optimal inspection decisions for the block mats of the Eastern-Scheldt barrier. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 65(3):203–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noortwijk JM, Pandey MD (2003) A stochastic deterioration process for time-dependent reliability analysis. In: Proceedings of the eleventh IFIP WG 7.5 working conference on reliability and optimization of structural systems, 2–5 November 2003, Banff, Canada, pp 259–265

    Google Scholar 

  • Papoulis A, Pillai SU (2002) Probability, random variables, and stochastic processes, 4th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, 852p

    Google Scholar 

  • Pomeroy RD (1976) The problem of hydrogen sulphide in sewers. Clay Pipe Development Association

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajani B, Kleiner Y (2004) Non-destructive inspection techniques to determine structural distress indicators in water mains. In: Evaluation and control of water loss in urban water networks, Valencia, Spain, 21–25 June 2004, p 1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajani B, Kleiner Y (2013) External and internal corrosion of large-diameter cast iron mains. J Infrastruct Syst 19(4):486–495

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rajani B, Makar J (2000) A methodology to estimate remaining service life of grey cast iron water mains. Can J Civil Eng 27(6):1259–1272

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rajani B, Tesfamariam S (2007) Estimating time to failure of cast iron water mains. Water Manag 160(WM2):83–88

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajani B, Makar J, McDonald S, Zhan C, Kuraoka S, Jen CK, Viens M (2000) Investigation of grey cast iron water mains to develop a methodology for estimating service life. American Water Works Association Research Foundation, Denver, CO

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubinstein RY, Kroese DP (2008) Simulation and the Monte Carlo method, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sadiq R, Rajani B, Kleiner Y (2004) Probabilistic risk analysis of corrosion associated failures in cast iron water mains. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 86(1):1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salman B, Salem O (2012) Modeling failure of wastewater collection lines using various section-level regression models. ASCE J Infrastruct Syst 18(2):146–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saltelli A, Tarantola S, Campolongo F, Ratto M (2004) Sensitivity analysis in practice: a guide to assessing scientific models. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheikh AK, Boah JK, Hansen DA (1990) Statistical modelling of pitting corrosion and pipeline reliability. Corrosion-NACE 46(3):190–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shreir LL, Jarman RA, Burstein GT (1994) Corrosion. Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Singpurwalla N (1997) Gamma processes and their generalizations: an overview. In: Cooke R, Mendel M, Vrijling H (eds) Engineering probabilistic design and maintenance for flood protection. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 67–75

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart MG (2004) Spatial variability of pitting corrosion and its influence on structural fragility and reliability of RC beams in flexure. Struct Safety 26(4):453–470

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart MG (2009) Mechanical behaviour of pitting corrosion of flexural and shear reinforcement and its effect on structural reliability of corroding RC beams. Struct Safety 31(1):19–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart MG, Rosowsky DV (1998) Time-dependent reliability of deteriorating reinforced concrete bridge decks. J Struct Safe 20(1):91–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Val DV, Chernin L (2009) Serviceability reliability of reinforced concrete beams with corroded reinforcement. J Struct Eng 135(8):896–905

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Val DV, Pavel AT (2008) Probabilistic evaluation of initiation time of chloride-induced corrosion. Reliab Eng Syst Safety 93(3):364–372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Val DV, Robert EM (1997) Reliability of deteriorating RC slab bridges. J Struct Eng 123(12): 1638–1644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Weide H (1997) Gamma processes. In: Cooke R, Mendel M, Vrijling H (eds) Engineering probabilistic design and maintenance for flood protection. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 77–83

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Vu KAT, Stewart MG (2002) Spatial variability of structural deterioration and service life prediction of reinforced concrete bridges. In: Proceedings of international on bridge maintenance, safety and management—IABMAS 2002, Barcelona, CD-ROM

    Google Scholar 

  • Vu NA, Castel A, François R (2009) Effect of stress corrosion cracking on stress-strain response of steel wires used in prestressed concrete beams. Corros Sci 51(6):1453–1459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Water UK (2007) Working on behalf of the water industry for a sustainable future. Water UK. http://www.water.org.uk/home/resources-and-links/waterfacts/resources

  • Woodward RJ, Williams FW (1988) Collapse of Ynys-y-Gwas bridge, West Glamorgan. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, part 1, design and construction, vol 84, p 635–669

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamini H (2009) Probability of failure analysis and condition assessment of cast iron pipes due to internal and external corrosion in water distribution systems. PhD dissertation, University of British Colombia

    Google Scholar 

  • Yamini H, Lence BJ (2009) Probability of failure analysis due to internal corrosion in cast-iron pipes. J Infrastruct Syst 16(1):73–80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou W (2011) Reliability evaluation of corroding pipelines considering multiple failure modes and time-dependent internal pressure. J Infrastruct Syst 17(4):216–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent, ME44TB, UK

    Mojtaba Mahmoodian & Amir Alani

Authors
  1. Mojtaba Mahmoodian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Amir Alani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mojtaba Mahmoodian .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. American University of the Mddle East, Al-Ahmadi, Egaila, Kuwait

    Seifedine Kadry

  2. INSA de Rouen Laboratoire d’Optimisation, National Institute of Applied Sciences, Saint Etienne de Rouvray, France

    Abdelkhalak El Hami

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mahmoodian, M., Alani, A. (2015). Time-Dependent Reliability Analysis of Corrosion Affected Structures. In: Kadry, S., El Hami, A. (eds) Numerical Methods for Reliability and Safety Assessment. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07167-1_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07167-1_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-07166-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-07167-1

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation