Abstract
None of the natural or artificial objects that we may encounter is a perfectly black body. For example, “black” paper reflects 4.5% of the energy striking it, “black” cloth slightly over 1%, and “black” velvet 0.4%. A fundamental property of a perfectly black body is that its shape, material, and surface characteristics have no bearing whatever on its radiating and absorbing characteristics.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
A. G. Blokh, op. cit. (Chap. I, ref. 5).
E. Eckert, “Messung der Reflexion von Wärmestrahlen an technischen Oberflächen,” Forsch. Geb. IngWes., 7: 265–270 (1936).
P. A. Apanasevich et al., op. cit. (Chap. II, ref. 4).
W. E. Forsythe and E. Q. Adams, “Radiating characteristics of tungsten and tungsten lamps,” J. opt. Soc. Am., 35: 108–113 (1945).
A. P. Ivanov, op. cit. (Chap. I, ref. 4).
M. A. Bramson, I. L. Zel’manovich, and G. I. Kuleshova, “The emissivity of water in the infrared spectral region (thermal physics of the sea)” [in Russian], Trudy glay. geofiz. Obs. Voeikova (Research on Radiative Processes), 152: 31–67 (1964).
L. Z. Kriksunov, A Handbook of Infrared Technology [in Russian] (Riga, 1959 ).
J. D. Hardy, “Radiating power of human skin in infrared,” Am. J. Physiol., 127: 454–462 (1939).
E. Hagen and H. Rubens, “Das Reflexionsvermögen einiger Metalle für ultraviolette und ultrarote Strahlen,” Annln Phys., (4), 8: 1–21 (1902).
E. Lax and M. Pirani, “Temperaturstrahlung fester Körper,” Handb. Phys., 21 (Chapt. 4): 190–272 (1929).
O. Lummer and E. Pringsheim, “Radiation of blackbodies and platinum” [in German], Verh. dt. phys. Ges., 1: 215–230 (1899).
F. Cennamo, “Sull’emissione spettrale del nichel a varie temperature,” Nuovo Cim., (8), 16: 253–260 (1939).
W. H. J. Childs, Physical Constants, 5th edn. (London, Methuen; New York, Wiley; 1958 ); 79 pp.; Russian translation ( Moscow, Phys. Math. Press, 1961 ).
M. A. Bramson, tabular section of this volume (cf. Chap. I, ref. 8).
E. Hagen and H. Rubens, “Über Beziehungen des Reflexions-und Emissionsvermögens der Metalle zu ihrem elektrischen Leitvermögen,” Annln. Phys., (4), 11: 873–901 (1903).
H. Rubens and E. Hagen, “Über die Änderung des Emissionsvermögens der Metalle mit der Temperatur im kurzwelligen Teil des Ultrarot,” Phys. Z., 11: 139–141 (1910).
W. Weniger, “Infra-red absorption spectra,” Phys. Rev., (1), 31: 388420 (1910).
D. Ya. Svet, in Research on Heat-Resistant Alloys [in Russian], Vol. 4 ( USSR Acad. Sci. Press, 1959 ), pp. 323–328.
A. M. Samarin and D. Ya. Svet, “The emissivity of liquid metals,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 126(1):78–80 (1959) [Soviet Phys. Dokl., 4:667–669 (1959)].
J. C. De Vos, “A new determination of the emissivity of tungsten ribbon,” Physica, 20: 690–714 (1954).
R. D. Larrabee, “Spectral emissivity of tungsten,” J. opt. Soc. Am., 49: 619–625 (1959).
S. M. De Corso and R. L. Coit, “Measurement of total emissivities of gas-turbine combustor materials,” Trans. Am. Soc. mech. Engrs., 77: 1189–97 (1955).
B. P. Kozyrev and O. E. Vershinin, “Determination of spectral coefficients of diffuse reflection of infrared radiation from blackened surfaces,” Optika Spektrosk., 6:543–549 (1959) [Optics Spectrosc., 6:345–350 (1959)1.
J. C. Richmond, First Symposium of Surface Effects on Spacecraft Materials ( Palo Alto, Calif., 1960 ), pp. 92–116.
G. D. Gordon, “Measurement of ratio of absorptivity of sunlight to thermal emissivity,” Rev. scient. Instrum., 31: 1204–08 (1960).
J. T. Bevans and J. T. Gier, “Comparison of total emittances with values computed from spectral measurements,” Trans. Am. Soc. mech. Engrs., Vol. 80, No. 7 (1958).
T. P. Serebryakova, Yu. B. Paderno, and G. V. Samsonov, “Emission coefficients of some powdered high-melting compounds,” Optika Spektrosk., 8:410–412 (1960) [Optics Spectrosc., 8:212–213 (1960)1.
T. Royds, “Das Reflexionsvermögen schwarzer Flächen,” Phys. Z., 11: 316–318 (1910).
William E. Forsythe, ed., Measurement of Radiant Energy ( New York, McGraw-Hill, 1937 ), 452 pp.
J. C. Johnson and J. R. Terrel, “Transmission cross sections for water spheres illuminated by infrared radiation,” J. opt. Soc. Am., 45: 451–455 (1955).
M. Centano V, “The refractive index of liquid water in the near infrared spectrum,” J. opt. Soc. Am., 31: 244–247 (1941).
K. S. Shifrin, Scattering of Light in a Turbid Medium [in Russian] ( Moscow, Tech. Theor. Press, 1951 ), 288 pp.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1968 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bramson, M.A. (1968). Nonblackbody Radiation. In: Infrared Radiation. Optical Physics and Engineering. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0911-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0911-7_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-0913-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-0911-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive