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Biogenesis of c-type Cytochromes and Cytochrome Complexes

  • Chapter
The Purple Phototrophic Bacteria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 28))

Summary

In most anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, apocytochromes c are synthesized in the cytoplasm, translocated across the membrane and matured to holocytochromes c on the periplasmic side. The extracytoplasmic maturation process requires a complex biogenesis pathway (Ccm-system I) consisting of up to ten components to carry out specific steps. These include translocation and delivery of the heme, chaperoning and thio-oxidoreduction of the apocytochrome c as well as heme ligation steps. Because cytochromes are often part of multi-subunit protein complexes, matured holocytochromes may be assembled into active enzyme complexes. Examples include the ubihydroquinone:cytochrome c oxidoreductase (cytochrome bc 1 complex) or the aa 3- or cbb 3-type cytochrome c oxidases. Assemblies of these complexes are tightly coordinated and often require additional specific biogenesis components. In this chapter, we discuss the maturation process of c-type cytochromes and the assembly pathways of the aa 3- and cbb 3-type cytochrome c oxidases in anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria, with a specific focus on Rhodobacter species.

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Abbreviations

aa3-Cox:

aa3-type Cyt c oxidase

apoCyt:

immature Cyt c without its heme cofactor attached

B. :

bacillus

BN-PAGE:

blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

cbb3-Cox:

cbb3-type Cyt c oxidase

Ccm:

cytochrome c maturation system I

Ccs:

cytochrome maturation system II

Cyt:

cytochrome

holo- and apo-CcmE:

CcmE with and without its heme cofactor, respectively

holoCyt:

mature Cyt c with its heme cofactor attached

pre-apoCyt:

apoCyt c precursor with its signal sequence

Ps:

photosynthetic

Rba. :

Rhodobacter

Res:

respiratory

TPR:

Tetratricopeptide repeats

WWD:

Tryptophan rich motif

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Plant Science Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA

    Carsten Sanders, Serdar Turkarslan, Ozlem Onder & Fevzi Daldal

  2. Department of Biology, Washington University, Saint Louis, 63130, MI, USA

    Elaine R. Frawley & Robert G. Kranz

  3. Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, Zentrum für Biochemie und Molekulare Zellforschung, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Hans Georg Koch

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  1. Carsten Sanders
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  2. Serdar Turkarslan
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  3. Ozlem Onder
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  4. Elaine R. Frawley
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  5. Robert G. Kranz
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  6. Hans Georg Koch
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  7. Fevzi Daldal
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Correspondence to Fevzi Daldal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Sheffield, UK

    C. Neil Hunter

  2. University of Pennsylvania, USA

    Fevzi Daldal

  3. Argonne National Laboratory, USA

    Marion C. Thurnauer

  4. University of British Columbia, Canada

    J. Thomas Beatty

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Sanders, C. et al. (2009). Biogenesis of c-type Cytochromes and Cytochrome Complexes. In: Hunter, C.N., Daldal, F., Thurnauer, M.C., Beatty, J.T. (eds) The Purple Phototrophic Bacteria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 28. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8815-5_21

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