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Recent Landform Evolution pp 249–286Cite as

Recent Landform Evolution in the Romanian Carpathians and Pericarpathian Regions

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Abstract

In the Romanian Carpathians, developed on crystalline and volcanic rocks, the main geomorphological processes are rockfalls, debris flows, and topples. In the eastern part of the Eastern Carpathians, built up of Cretaceous and Paleogene flysch, landslides and mudflows are of major significance. High and middle mountain karst features and cave systems are also widespread. In the alpine area of the Southern and Eastern Carpathians, avalanches are common on the steep slopes of glacial cirques and valleys. Landslides also develop on high quarry slopes, waste dumps and tailing dams characteristic of the mining sites of the Apuseni Mountains. High discharges along the Carpathian rivers cause intense erosion and the undercutting of slopes, favoring landslides and flooding. Although in fluvial erosion channel incision is predominant (for half of all river sections studied), riverbed aggradation is also observed locally. On the agricultural lands of the Subcarpathians and in the Transylvanian Depression slopes are degraded by sheet and gully erosion, landslides, and mudflows. On the Moldavian Plateau soil erosion, gullying, and landslides are major exogenous geomorphic processes. The country-wide spatial distribution of these geomorphological hazards has been evaluated by several authors (e.g., Geografia României I. 1983; Bălteanu 1997).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geography, Romanian Academy, D. Racoviţa Str. 12, 023993, Bucharest, Romania

    Dan Bălteanu, Marta Jurchescu & Mihaela Sima

  2. Faculty of Geography, Babeş-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Clinicilor Str. 5-7, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Virgil Surdeanu

  3. Department of Geography, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I Blvd., 20 A, 700505, Iasi, Romania

    Ion Ionita

  4. “Emil Racoviţă” Institute of Speleology, Romanian Academy, Calea 13 Septembrie Str. 13, 050711, Bucharest, Romania

    Cristian Goran

  5. Department of Geography, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology and Geography, West University of Timişoara, Pestalozzi Blvd. 16, 300115, Timişoara, Romania

    Petru Urdea

  6. Faculty of History and Geography, “Ştefan cel Mare” University of Suceava, Universitatii Str., 13, 722029, Suceava, Romania

    Maria Rădoane & Nicolae Rădoane

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  1. Dan Bălteanu
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  2. Marta Jurchescu
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  4. Ion Ionita
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  8. Nicolae Rădoane
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  9. Mihaela Sima
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Correspondence to Marta Jurchescu .

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  1. , Department of Environmental Geography an, University of Pécs, Ifjusag utja 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary

    Dénes Lóczy

  2. , Department of Physical Geography, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava 4, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Miloš Stankoviansky

  3. , Institute of Geography and Spatial, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31018 Kraków, ul. Sw. Jana 22, Kraków, Poland

    Adam Kotarba

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Bălteanu, D. et al. (2012). Recent Landform Evolution in the Romanian Carpathians and Pericarpathian Regions. In: Lóczy, D., Stankoviansky, M., Kotarba, A. (eds) Recent Landform Evolution. Springer Geography. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2448-8_10

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