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Decitabine

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Small Molecules in Oncology

Part of the book series: Recent Results in Cancer Research ((RECENTCANCER,volume 184))

Abstract

The pyrimidine analogs, 5-azacytidine (azacitidine, Vidaza®) and its deoxy derivative, 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (decitabine, Dacogen®), are the most widely used inhibitors of DNA methylation which trigger demethylation leading to a consecutive reactivation of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes in vitro and in vivo.

Although the antileukemic capacity of decitabine has been known for almost 40 years, its therapeutic potential in hematologic malignancies is still under intensive investigation. Multiple clinical trials have shown the promising activity of low-dose decitabine in AML, MDS, CML, and hemoglobinopathies, whereas its efficacy in solid tumors is rather limited.

Clinical responses appear to be induced by both epigenetic alterations and the induction of cell-cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. Recent clinical trials have been investigating new dosing schedules, routes of administration, and combination of decitabine with other agents, including histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Prof. Michael Lübbert for his invaluable support, stimulating suggestions, and encouragement which helped us to write the manuscript.

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  1. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Hugstetterstraße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany

    Michael Daskalakis

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  1. Michael Daskalakis
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Correspondence to Michael Daskalakis .

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    Uwe M. Martens

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Daskalakis, M., Blagitko-Dorfs, N., Hackanson, B. (2010). Decitabine. In: Martens, U. (eds) Small Molecules in Oncology. Recent Results in Cancer Research, vol 184. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01222-8_10

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