Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

South American Primates pp 279–319Cite as

Mechanical and Nutritional Properties of Food as Factors in Platyrrhine Dietary Adaptations

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects ((DIPR))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agrawal, K. R., Lucas, P. W., Prinz, J. F., and Bruce, I. C. 1997. Mechanical properties of foods responsible for resisting food breakdown in the human mouth. Arch. Oral Biol. 42:1–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal, K. R., Lucas, P. W., Bruce, I. C., and Prinz, J. F. 1998. Food properties that influence neuromuscular activity during human mastication. J. Dent. Res. 77:1931–1938.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aguiar, J. P. L., Marinho, H. A., Rebelo, Y. S., and Shrimpton, R. 1980. Aspectos nutritivos de alguns frutos da Amazônia. Acta Amazonica 10:755–758.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altmann, S. A. 1998. Foraging for Survival: Yearling Baboons in Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anapol, F., and Lee, S. 1994. Morphological adaptations to diet in platyrrhine primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 94:239–261.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anthony, M. R. L., and Kay, R. F. 1993. Tooth form and diet in Ateline and Alouattine primates: reflections on the comparative method. Am. J. Sci. 293-A:356–382.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayres, J. M. 1986. Uakaris and Amazonian Flooded Forest. PhD Dissertation. University of Cambridge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayres, J. M. 1989. Comparative feeding ecology of the Uakari and Bearded Saki, Cacajao and Chiropotes. J. Hum. Evol. 18:697–716.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blaxter, K. L. 1989. Energy Metabolism in Animals and Man. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bouvier, M. 1986a. A biomechanical analysis of mandibular scaling in Old World monkeys. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 69:473–482.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouvier, M. 1986b. Biomechanical scaling of mandibular dimension in New World Monkeys. Int. J. Primatol. 7:551–567.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bouvier, M., and Tsang, S. M. 1990. Comparison of muscle weight and force ratios in New and Old World monkeys. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 82:509–515.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, A. D., and Zunino, G. E. 1990. Dietary variability in Cebus apella in extreme habitats: evidence for adaptability. Folia Primatol. 54:187–195.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cachel, S. M. 1979. A functional analysis of the primate masticatory system and the origin of the anthropoid post-orbital septum. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 50:1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Castellanos, H. G., and Chanin, P. 1996. Seasonal differences in food choice and patch preference of long-haired spider monkeys (Ateles belzebuth). In M. A. Norconk, A. L. Rosenberger and P. A. Garber (eds.), Adaptive Radiations of Neotropical Primates (pp. 451–466). New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, C. A., and Chapman, L. J. 1991. The foraging itinerary of spider monkeys: when to eat leaves? Folia Primatol. 56:162–166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman, C. A., Chapman, L. J., Rode, K. D., Hauck, E. M., and McDowell, L. R. 2003. Variation in the nutritional value of primate foods: among trees, time periods, and areas. Int. J. Primatol. 24:317–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chew, C. L., Lucas, P. W., Tay, D. K. L., Keng, S. B., and Ow, R. K. K. 1988. The effect of food texture on the replication of jaw movements in mastication. J. Dent. 16:210–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chivers, D. J., and Hladik, C. M. 1980. Morphology of the gastrointestinal tract in primates: comparisons with other mammals in relation to diet. J. Morphol. 166:337–386.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coimbra-Filho, A. F., and Mittermeier, R. A. 1977. Tree-gouging, exudate-eating and the “short tusked” condition in Callithrix and Cebuella. In D. G. Kleiman (ed.), The Biology and Conservation of the Callitrichidae (pp. 105–115). Washington DC: Smithsonian InstitutionPress.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole, T. M. 1992. Postnatal heterochrony of the masticatory apparatus in Cebus apella and Cebus albifrons. J. Hum. Evol. 23:253–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conklin-Brittain, N. L., Wrangham, R. W., and Hunt, K. D. 1998. Dietary response of chimpanzees and cercopithecines to seasonal variation in fruit abundance. II. Macronutrients. Int. J. Primatol 19:971–998.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conklin-Brittain, N. L., Knott, C. D., and Wrangham, R. W. 2006. Energy intake by wild chimpanzees and orangutans: methodological considerations and a preliminary comparison. In G. Hohmann, M. M. Robbins and C. Boesch (eds.), Feeding ecology in apes and other primates: ecological, physical and behavioral aspects (pp. 445–471). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Covert, H. H. 1986. Biology of early Cenozoic primates. In D. R. Swindler and J. Erwin (eds.), Comparative Primate Biology, Systematics, Evolution, and Anatomy (pp. 335–359). New York: Alan R. Liss.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daegling, D. J. 1992. Mandibular morphology and diet in the genus Cebus. Int. J. Primatol. 13:545–570.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darvell, B. W., Lee, P. K. D., Yuen, T. D. B., and Lucas, P. W. 1996. A portable fracture toughness tester for biological materials. Meas. Sci. Tech. 7:954–962.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deagling, D. J. 2007. Morphometric estimation of torsional stiffness and strength in primate mandibles. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 132:261–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Fiore, A. 2004. Diet and feeding ecology of woolly monkeys in a western Amazonian rain forest. Int. J. Primatol. 25:767–801.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Fiore, A., and Campbell, C. J. 2007. The Atelines: Variation in ecology, behavior, and social organization. In C. J. Campbell, A. Fuentes, K. C. MacKinnon, M. Panger and S. K. Bearder (eds.), Primates in Perspective (pp. 155–185). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eaglen, R. H. 1984. Incisor size and diet revisited: The view from a platyrrhine perspective. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 64:263–275.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eaglen, R. H. 1986. Morphometrics of the anterior dentition in strepsirhine primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 71:185–201.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, M. S., and Ullrey, D. E. 1999. Effect of dietary fiber concentration on apparent digestibility and digesta passage in non-human primates. II. Hindgut and forgut fermenting folivores. Zoo Biol. 18:537–549.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emery-Thompson, E., Kahlenberg, S. M., Gilby, I. C., and Wrangham, R. W. 2007. Core area quality is associated with variance in reproductive success among female chimpanzees at Kibale National Park. Anim. Behav. 73:501-512.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fernandez-Duque, E. 2007. Aotinae: social monogamy in the only nocturnal haplorrhines. In C. J. Campbell, A. Fuentes, K. C. MacKinnon, M. Panger and S. K. Bearder (eds.), Primates in Perspective (pp. 139–154). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fleagle, J. G., and Tejedor, M. F. 2002. Early platyrrhines of southern South America. In W. C. Hartwig (ed.), The Primate Fossil Record (pp. 161–173). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foley, W. J., and Cork, S. J. 1992. Use of fibrous diets by small herbivores: How far can the rules be “bent”? Trends Ecol. Evol. 7:159–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forget, P.-M. 1991. Comparative recruitment pattern of two non-pioneer tree species in French Guiana. Oecologia 85:434–439.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fragaszy, D. M. 1986. Time budgets and foraging behaviors in wedge-capped capuchins (Cebus olivaceus): age and sex differences. In D. Taub and F. King (eds.), Current Perspectives in Primate Social Dynamics (pp. 159–174). New York: Van Nostrand Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garber, P. A. 1988. Foraging decisions during nectar feeding by tamarin monkeys (Saguinus mystax and Saguinus fuscicollis, Callitrichidae, Primates) in Amazonian Peru. Biotropica 20:100–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garber, P. A. 1992. Vertical clinging, small body size, and the evolution of feeding adaptations in the Callitrichinae. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 88:469–482.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garber, P. A. 1993. Feeding ecology and behavior of the genus Saguinus. In A. B. Rylands (ed.), Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behavior, and Ecology (pp. 273–295). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaulin, S. J. C., and Craker, L. E. 1979. Protein in vegetation and reproductive tissues of several Neotropical species. J. Agri. Food Chem. 27:791–795.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenfield, L. O. 1992. Relative canine size, behavior and diet in male ceboids. J. Hum. Evol. 23:469–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guimarães Jr., P. R., José, J., Galetti, M., and Trigo, J. R. 2003. Quinolizidine alkaloids in Ormosia arborea seeds inhibit predation but not hoarding by agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina). J. Chem. Ecol. 29:1065–1072.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, A. M., Hall, M. B., Porter, L., and Lintzenich, B. 2006. Composition and nutritional characteristics of fungi consumed by Callimico goeldii in Pando, Bolivia. Int. J. Primatol. 27:323–346.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hemingway, C. 1998. Selectivity and variability in the diet of Milne-Edwards’ sifakas (Propithecus diadema edwardsi): Implications for folivory and seed-eating. Int. J. Primatol. 19:355–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hershkovitz, P. 1977. Living New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heymann, E. W., and Smith, A. C. 1999. When to feed on gums: temporal patterns of gummivory in wild tamarins, Saguinus mystax and Saguinus fuscicollis (Callitrichinae). Zoo. Biol:18:459–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hiiemae, K. M. 1978. Mammalian mastication: A review of the activity of the jaw muscles and the movements they produce in chewing. In P. M. Butler and K. A. Joysey (eds.), Development, Function and Evolution of Teeth (pp. 361–398). London: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiiemae, K. M. 2000. Feeding in mammals. In K. Schwenk (ed.), Feeding (pp. 411–448). New York: Academic Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hiiemae, K. M., and Crompton, A. W. 1985. Mastication, food transport, and swallowing. In M. Hildebrand, D. B. Bramble, K. Liem and D. Wake (eds.), Functional Vertebrate Morphology (pp. 262–290). Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiiemae K. M., and Kay R. F. 1973. Evolutionary trends in the dynamics of primate mastication. In M. R. Zingeser (ed.), Craniofacial Biology of Primates, Vol. 3: Symp. Fourth Int. Cong. Primatology, (pp. 28–64). Basel: S. Karger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, D. A., and Lucas P. W. 1996. Toughness and fiber content of major leaf foods of wild Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata yakui) in Yaushima. Am. J. Primatol. 38:221–231.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hladik, C. M., Hladik, A., Bousset, J., Valdebouze, P., Viroben, G., and Delort-Laval, J. 1971. Le regime alimentaire des primates de L’île de Barro-Colorado (Panama). La Terre et la Vie. 1:25–117.

    Google Scholar 

  • Howe, H. F., and Vande Kerckhove, G. A. 1981. Removal of wild nutmeg (Virola surinamensis) crops by birds. Ecol. 62:1093–1106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L. 1975. The human mandible: Lever or link? Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 43:227–242.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L. 1979a. The functional significance of primate mandibular form. J. Morphol. 160:223–240.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L. 1979b. Mandibular function in Galago crassicaudatus and Macaca fascicularis: An in vivo approach to stress analysis of the mandible. J. Morphol. 159:253–296.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L. 1984. Stress and strain in the mandibular symphysis of primates: A test of competing hypotheses. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 61:1–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L. 1985. Mandibular function and biomechanical stress and scaling. Am. Zool. 25: 315–330.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L., Johnson, K. R., and Crompton, A. W. 1987. Loading patterns and jaw movements during mastication in Macaca fascicularis: A bone-strain, electromyographic, and cineradiographic analysis. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 72:287–314.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L., Ravosa, M. J., Ross, C. F., and Johnson, K. R. 1998. Mandibular corpus strain in primates: Further evidence for a functional link between symphyseal fusion and jaw-adductor muscle force. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 107:257–271.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hylander, W. L., Ravosa, M. J., Ross, C. F., Wall, C. E., and Johnson, K..R 2000. Symphyseal fusion and jaw-adductor muscle force: an EMG study. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 112:469–492.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janson, C. 1983. Adaptation of fruit morphology to dispersal agents in a Neotropical forest. Science 219:187–189.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Janson, C. H., and Boinski, S. 1992. Morphological and behavioral adaptations for foraging in generalist primates: the case of the cebines. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 88:483–498.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kanazawa, E., and Rosenberger, A. L. 1989. Interspecific allometry of the mandible, dental arch, and molar area in anthropoid primates: functional morphology of masticatory components. Primates 30:543–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kay, R. F. 1975. The functional significance of primate molar teeth. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 43:195–215.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kay, R. F. 1977. The evolution of molar occlusion in the Cercopithecidae and early catarrhines. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 46:327–352.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kay, R. F. 1984. On the use of anatomical features to infer foraging behavior in extinct primates. In P. S. Rodman and J. G. H. Cant (eds.), Adaptations for Foraging in Nonhuman Primates: Contributions to an Organismal Biology of Prosimians, Monkeys and Apes (pp. 21–53). New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kay, R. F., and Covert, H. H. 1984. Anatomy and behavior of extinct primates. In D. J. Chivers, B. A. Wood and A. Bilsborough (eds.), Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates (pp. 467–508). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kay, R. F., Johnson, D., and Meldrum, D. J. 1998. A new pitheciin primate from the middle Miocene of Argentina. Am J. Primatol. 45:317–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiltie, R. A. 1982. Bite force as a basis for niche differentiation between rain forest peccaries (Tayassu tajacu and T. pecari). Biotropica 14:188–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinzey, W. G. 1974. Ceboid models for the evolution of hominoid dentition. J. Hum. Evol. 3:193–203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinzey, W. G. 1992. Dietary and dental adaptations in the Pitheciinae. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 88:499–514.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinzey, W. G. 1997. New World Primates: Ecology, Evolution and Behavior. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinzey, W. G., and Norconk, M. A. 1990. Hardness as a basis of fruit choice in two sympatric primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 81:5–15.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kinzey, W. G., and Norconk, M. A. 1993. Physical and chemical properties of fruit and seeds eaten by Pithecia and Chiropotes in Surinam and Venezuela. Int. J. Primatol. 14:207–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirk, E. C., and Simons, E. L. 2001. Diets of fossil primates from the Fayum Depression of Egypt: a quantitative analysis of molar shearing. J. Hum. Evol. 40:203–229.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirkpatrick, C. 1998. Ecology and behavior in snub-nosed and douc langurs. In N. G. Jablonski (ed.), Ecology and Behavior in Snub-nosed and Douc Langurs (pp. 155–190). l.Singapore: World Scientific Publishing, Singapore.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knott, C. 2001. Female reproductive ecology of the apes: implications for human evolution. In P. T. Ellison (ed.), Reproductive Ecology and Human Evolution (pp. 429–463). New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knott, D. D. 2005. Energetic responses to food availability in the great apes: implications for hominin evolution. In D. K. Brockman and C. P. van Schaik (eds.), Seasonality in Primates: Studies of Living and Extinct Human and Non-human Primates (pp. 351–378). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, J. E. 1998. Primate digestion: Interactions among anatomy, physiology, and feeding ecology. Evol. Anthropol. 7:8–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas. P. W. 2004. Dental Functional Morphology: How Teeth Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, P. W., Corlett, R. T., and Luke, D. A. 1986. Postcanine tooth size and diet in anthropoid primates. Z. Morphol. Anthropol. 76:253–276.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, P.W., Turner, I.M., Dominy, N.J., and Yamashita, N. 2000. Mechanical defenses to herbivory. Ann. Bot. 86:913–920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, P. W., Beta, T., Darvell, B. W., Dominy, N. J., Essackjee, H. C., Lee, P. K. D., Osorio, D., Ramsden, L., Yamashita, N., and Yuen, T.D.B. 2001. Field kit to characterize physical, chemical, and spatial aspects of potential primate foods. Folia Primatol. 72:11–25.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, P. W., Prinz, J. F., Agrawal, K. R., and Bruce, I. C. 2002. Food physics and oral physiology. Food Qual. Pref. 13:203–213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Luschei, E. S., and Goodwin, G. M. 1974. Patterns of mandibular movement and jaw muscle activity during mastication in the monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 37:954–966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marroig, G., De Vivo, M., and Cheverud, J.M. 2004. Cranial evolution in sakis (Pithecia, Platyrrhini) II: evolutionary processes and morphological integration. J. Evol. Biol. 17:144–155.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, L. B., Olejniczak, A. J., and Maas, M. C. 2003. Enamel thickness and microstructure in pitheciin primates, with comments on dietary adaptations of the middle Miocene hominoid Kenyapithecus. J. Hum. Evol. 45:351–367.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meldrum, D. J., and Kay, R. F. 1997. Nuciruptor rubricae, a new pitheciin seed predator from the Miocene of Colombia. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 102:407–427.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, K. E., Bales, K. L., Ramos, J. H., and Dietz, J. M. 2006. Energy intake, energy expenditure, and reproductive costs of female wild golden lion tamarins (Leontopithecus rosalia). Am. J. Primatol. 68:1037–1053.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1980. The foraging strategy of howler monkeys. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1984a. The role of food-processing factors in primate food choice. In P. S. Rodman and J. G. H. Cant (eds), Adaptations for Foraging in Nonhuman Primates: Contributions to an Organismal Biology of Prosimians, Monkeys, and Apes (pp. 249–279). New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1984b. Protein and carbohydrate resources of the Maku Indians of north-western Amazonia. Am. Anthropol. 86:7–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1984c. Habitat, diet, and activity patterns of free-ranging woolly spider monkeys (Brachyteles arachnoides E. Geoffroy 1806). Int. J. Primatol. 5:491–514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1988. Foraging behavior and the evolution of primate cognition. In A. Whiten and R. Byrne (eds.), Machiavellian Intelligence: Social Expertise and the Evolution of Intellect in Monkeys, Apes and Humans (pp. 285–305). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K. 1998. Physiological ecology of howlers (Alouatta): Energetic and digestive considerations and comparison with the Colobinae. Int. J. Primatol. 19:513–548.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milton, K., Giacalone, J., Wright, S. J., and Stockmayer, G. 2005. Do frugivore population fluctuations reflect fruit production? Evidence from Panama. In J. L. Dew and J. P. Boubli (eds.), Tropical Fruits and Frugivores: The Search for Strong Interactors (pp. 5–35). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Moermond, T. C., and Denslow, J. S. 1985. Neotropical avian frugivores: patterns of behavior, morphology, and nutrition, with consequences for fruit selection. Ornithol. Mono. 36:865–897.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, L.T. 1984. Observations on the ecology and behavior of Galago senegalensis at the ADC Mutara Ranch, 29 July – 15 August, 1984. Rep. Inst. Prim. Res., Natl. Mus. Kenya.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nash, L.T. 1986. Dietary, behavioral, and morphological aspects of gummivory in primates. Yrbk. Phys. Anthropol. 29:113–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nash, L.T. 1989. Galagos and gummivory. J. Hum. Evol. 4:199–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council 2003. Feeding ecology, digestive strategies, and implications for feeding programs in captivity. In Committee on Animal Nutrition, ad hoc committee on Nonhuman primate nutrition, Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources (eds.), Nutrient Requirements of Nonhuman Primates (pp. 5–40). Washington D.C.: The National Academies Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Natori, M., and Shigehara, N. 1992. Interspecific differences in lower dentition among eastern-Brazilian marmosets. J. Mammal. 73:668–671.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norconk, M. A. 1996. Seasonal variation in the diets of white-faced and bearded sakis (Pithecia pithecia and Chiropotes satanas) in Guri Lake, Venezuela. In M. A. Norconk, A. L. Rosenberger and P. A. Garber (eds.), Adaptive Radiations of Neotropical Primates (pp. 403–423). New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norconk, M. A. 2007. Sakis, uakaris, and titi monkeys: behavioral diversity in a radiation of seed predators. In C. J. Campbell, A. Fuentes, K. C. MacKinnon, M. Panger, and S. K. Bearder (eds.), Primates in Perspective (pp. 123–138). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Norconk, M. A., and Conklin-Brittain, N. L. 2004. Variation on frugivory: the diet of Venezuelan white-faced sakis. Int. J. Primatol. 25:1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norconk, M. A., Oftedal, O. T., Power, M. L., Jakubasz, M., and Savage, A. 2002. Digesta passage and fiber digestibility in captive white-faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia). Am. J. Primatol. 58:23–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oftedal, O.T. 1991. The nutritional consequences of foraging in primates: the relationship of nutrient intakes to nutrient requirements. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. B. 334:161–170.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palacios, E., Rodríguez, A., and Defler, T. R. 1997. Diet of a group of Callicebus torquatus lugens (Humboldt 1812) during the annual resource bottleneck in Amazonian Colombia. Int. J. Primatol. 18:503–522.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peetz, A. 2001. Ecology and social organization of the bearded saki Chiropotes satanas chiropotes (Primates: Pitheciinae) in Venezuela. Ecol. Mono. 1:1–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peres, C. A., and Janson, C. H. 1999. Species coexistence, distribution and environmental determinants of Neotropical primate richness: a community-level zoogeographical analysis. In J. G. Fleagle, C. Janson and K. E. Reed (eds.), Primate Communities (pp. 55–74). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirie, P. L. 1976. Allometry in the Masticatory Apparatus of Primates. Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State. University, Columbus, OH.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pirie, P. L. 1978. Allometric scaling in the postcanine dentition with reference to primate diets. Primates 19:583–591.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Podolsky, R. D. 1990. Effects of mixed-species association on resource use by Saimiri sciureus and Cebus apella. Am. J. Primatol. 21:147–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, L. 2007. The Behavioral Ecology of Callimicos and Tamarins in Northwestern Bolivia. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, L. M. 2001. Dietary differences among sympatric Callitrichinae in northern Bolivia: Callimico goeldii, Saguinus fuscicollis and S. labiatus. Int. J. Primatol. 22:961–992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, L. M., and Garber, P. A. 2004. Goeldi’s monkeys: a primate paradox? Evol. Anthropol. 13:104–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Power, M. L., and Oftedal, O. T. 1996. Differences among captive callitrichids in the digestive responses to dietary gum. Am. J. Primatol. 40:131–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Power, M. L. 1996. The other side of callitrichine gummivory. In M. A. Norconk, A. L. Rosenberger, and P. A. Garber (eds.), Adaptive Radiations of Neotropical Primates (pp. 97–110). New York: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rehg, J. A. 2006. Seasonal variation in polyspecific associations among Callimico goeldii, Saguinus labiatus, and S. fuscicollis in Acre, Brazil. Int. J. Primatol. 27:1399–1428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robbins, C. T. 1993. Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition. 2nd eition. Academic Press, San Diego.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberger, A. L. 1978. Loss of incisor enamel in marmosets. J. Mammal. 59:207–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberger, A. L. 1983. Aspects of the systematics and evolution of the marmosets. In M. T. de Mello (ed.), A Primatologia no Brasil (pp. 159–180). Brasilia, Brazil: Sociedade Brasileira de Primatologia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberger, A. L. 1992. Evolution of feeding niches in New World monkeys. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 88:525–562.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberger, A. L., and Kinzey, W. G. 1976. Functional patterns of molar occlusion in platyrrhine primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 45:281–298.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, C. F. 1995. Allometric and functional influences on primate orbit orientation and the origins of Anthropoidea. J. Hum. Evol. 29:201–227.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russo, S. E., Campbell, C. J., Dew, J. L., Stevenson, P. R., and Suarez, S. A. 2005. A multi-forest comparison of dietary preferences and seed dispersal by Ateles spp. Int. J. Primatol. 26:1017–1038.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russo, S. E. 2005. Linking seed fate to natural dispersal patterns: factors affecting predation and scatter-hoarding of Virola calophylla seeds in Peru. J. Trop. Ecol. 21:243–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schumacher, G.H. 1961. Funktionelle Morphologie der Kaumuskulatur. Jena, Germany: Gustav Fischer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Setoguchi, T., and Rosenberger, A. 1987. A fossil owl monkey from La Venta, Colombia. Nature 326:692–694.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silver, S. C., Ostro, L. E. T., Yeager, C. P., and Dierenfeld, E. S. 2000. Phytochemical and mineral components of foods consumed by black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) at two sites in Belize. Zoo Biol. 19:95–109.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A. C. 2000. Composition and proposed nutritional importance of exudates eaten by saddleback (Saguinus fuscicollis) and mustached (Saguinus mystax) tamarins. Int. J. Primatol. 21:69–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. J. 1978. Mandibular biomechanics and temporomandibular joint function in primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 49:341–50.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R.J., and Jungers, W.L. 1997. Body mass in comparative primatology. J. Hum. Evol. 32:523–559.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R. J., Petersen, C. E., and Gipe, D. P. 1983. Size and shape of the mandibular condyle in primates. J. Morphol. 177:59–68.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soini, P. 1993. The ecology of the pygmy marmoset, Cebuella pygmaea: some comparisons with two sympatric tamarins. In A. B. Rylands (ed.), Marmosets and Tamarins: Systematics, Behavior, and Ecology (pp. 257–261). Oxford UK: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, M. A., and Spencer, G. S. 1995. Technical note: Video-based three-dimensional morphometrics. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 96:443–453.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, M. A. 2003. Tooth-root form and function in platyrrhine seed-eaters. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 122:325–335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starck, D. 1933. Die Kaumuskulatur der Platyrrhinen. Gegen. Morphol. Jahr. 72:212–285.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, P. R. 2001. The relationship between fruit production and primate abundance in Neotropical communities. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 72:161–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strier, K. B. 1991. Diet in one group of woolly spider monkeys, or muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides). Am. J. Primatol. 23:113–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strier, K. B. 1992. Ateline adaptations: behavioral strategies and ecological constraints. Am. J. Phys. Anthpol. 88:515–524.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Strier, K. B. 2006. Primate Behavioral Ecology. Pearson Allyn and Bacon, Boston, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sussman, R. W., and Kinzey, W. G. 1984. The ecological role of the Callitrichidae: a review. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 64:419–449.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Talebi, M., Bastos, A., and Lee, P. C. 2005. Diet of southern muriquis in continuous Brazilian Atlantic forest. Int. J. Primatol. 26:1175–1187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, A. B., and Vinyard, C. J. 2004. Comparative analysis of masseter fiber architecture in tree-gouging (Callithrix jacchus) and nongouging (Saguinus oedipus) callitrichids. J. Morphol. 261:276–285.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Teaford, M. F. 1985. Molar microwear and diet in the genus Cebus. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 66:363–370.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teaford, M. F., Lucas, P. W., Ungar, P. S., and Glander, K. E. 2006. Mechanical defenses in leaves eaten by Costa Rican howling monkeys (Alouatta palliata). Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 129:99–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terborgh, J. 1983. Five New World Primates: a study in comparative ecology. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoren, S., Lindenfors, P., and Kappeler, P.M. 2006. Phylogenetic analyses of dimorphism in primates: Evidence for stronger selection on canine size than on body size. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 130:50–59.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Turnbull, W. D. 1970. Mammalian masticatory apparatus. Fieldiana, Geology 18:148–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Roosmalen, M. G. M. 1984. Subcategorizing foods in primates. In D. J. Chivers, B. A. Wood and A. Bilsborough (eds.), Food Acquisition and Processing in Primates (pp. 167–175). New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Roosmalen, M. G. M. 1985. Habitat preferences, diet, feeding strategy and social organization of the black spider monkey (Ateles paniscus paniscus Linnaeus 1758) in Surinam. Acta Amazon. 15(3/4, suppl):1–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Roosmalen, M. G. M., Mittermeier, R. A., and Fleagle, J. G. 1988. Diet of the northern bearded saki (Chiropotes satanas chiropotes): A neotropical seed predator. Am. J. Primatol. 14:11–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Soest, P. J., Uden, P., and Wrick, K.F. 1983. Critique and evaluation of markers for use in nutrition of humans and farm and laboratory animals. Nutr. Rep. Int. 27:17–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veiga, L. M., and Ferrari, S. F. 2006. Predation of arthropods by southern bearded sakis (Chiropotes satanas) in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. Am. J. Primatol. 68:209–215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vinyard, C. J., and Ryan, T. M. 2006. Cross-sectional bone distribution in the mandibles of gouging and non-gouging platyrrhines. Int. J. Primatol. 27:1461–1490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vinyard, C. J., Wall, C. E., Williams, S. H., and Hylander, W. L. 2003. Comparative functional analysis of skull morphology of tree-gouging primates. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 120:153–170.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vinyard, C. J., Wall, C. E., Williams, S. H., Johnson, K. R., and Hylander, W. L. 2006. Masseter electromyography during chewing in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta). Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 130:85–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vinyard, C. J., Wall, C. E., Williams, S. H., Mork, A. L., Garner, B. A., Melo, L. C. O., Valença Montenegro, M. M., Valle, Y. B. M., Monteiro da Cruz, M. A., Lucas, P. W., Schmitt, D., Taylor, A. B., and Hylander, W. L. in press. The evolutionary morphology of tree gouging in marmosets. In S. M. Ford, L. M. Porter and L.C. Davis (eds.), The Smallest Anthropoids: The Marmoset/Callimico Radiation. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallace, R. B. 2005. Seasonal variations in diet and foraging behavior of Ateles chamek in a southern Amazonian tropical forest. Int. J. Primatol. 26:1053–1075.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waterman, P., and Kool, K. M. 1994. Colobine food selection and plant chemistry. In A. G. Davies and J. F. Oates (eds.), Colobine monkeys: Their Ecology, Behavior and Evolution (pp.251–284). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, S. H., Vinyard, C. J., Glander, K. E., Deffenbaugh, M., Teaford, M., and Thompson, C. L. 2008. A preliminary report on a telemetry system for assessing jaw-muscle function in free-ranging primates. Int. J. Primatol.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wrangham, R. W., Conklin, N. L., Etot, G., Obua, J., Hunt, K. D., Hauser, M. D., and Clark, A. P. 1993. The value of figs to chimpanzees. Int. J. Primatol. 14:243–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wrick, K. L., Robertson, J. B., Van Soest, P. J., Lewis, B. A., Rivers, J. M., Roe, D. A., and Hackler, L.R. 1983. The influence of dietary fiber source on human intestinal transit and stool output. J. Nutr. 113:1464–1479.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, B. W. 2004. Ecological Distinctions in Diet, Food Toughness, and Masticatory Anatomy in a Community of Six Neotropical Primates in Guyana, South America. Ph.D. Dissertation. Urbana-Champaign: University of Illinois.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, B. W. 2005. Craniodental biomechanics and dietary toughness in the genus Cebus. J. Hum. Evol. 48:473–492.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wright, K. W. 2005. Interspecific and Ontogenetic Variation in Locomotor Behavior, Habitat Use and Postcranial Morphology in Cebus apella and Cebus olivaceus. Ph.D. Dissertation. Northwestern University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zar, J. H. 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. New York: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zingeser, M. R. 1973. Dentition of Brachyteles arachnoides with reference to Alouttine and Atelinine affinities. Folia Primatol. 20:351–390.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA

    Marilyn A. Norconk

Authors
  1. Marilyn A. Norconk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Barth W. Wright
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nancy L. Conklin-Brittain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Christopher J. Vinyard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Illinois at Urbana, IL, USA

    Paul A. Garber

  2. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico

    Alejandro Estrada

  3. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Júlio César Bicca-Marques

  4. Universität Göttingen, Germany

    Eckhard W. Heymann

  5. University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA

    Karen B. Strier

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Norconk, M.A., Wright, B.W., Conklin-Brittain, N.L., Vinyard, C.J. (2009). Mechanical and Nutritional Properties of Food as Factors in Platyrrhine Dietary Adaptations. In: Garber, P.A., Estrada, A., Bicca-Marques, J.C., Heymann, E.W., Strier, K.B. (eds) South American Primates. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78705-3_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation