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Somitogenesis pp 1–41Cite as

Formation and Differentiation of Avian Somite Derivatives

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 638))

Abstract

During somite maturation, the ventral half of the epithelial somite disintegrates into the mesenchymal sclerotome, whereas the dorsal half forms a transitory epithelial sheet, the dermomyotome, lying in between the sclerotome and the surface ectoderm. The dermomyotome is the source of the majority of the mesodermal tissues in the body, giving rise to cell types as different as muscle, connective tissue, endothelium and cartilage. Thus, the dermomyotome is the most important turntable of mesodermal cell fate choice in the vertebrate embryo. Sclerotome development is characterized by a cranio-caudal polarization, resegmentation and axial identity. Its formation is controlled by signals from the notochord, the neural tube, the lateral plate mesoderm and the myotome. These signals and cross-talk between somite cells lead to the separation of various subdomains, like the central, ventral, dorsal and lateral sclerotome. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the formation of the dermomyotome and the mechanisms leading to the development of the various dermomyotomal derivatives, with special emphasis on the development of musculature and dermis. We further discuss the molecular control of sclerotomal subdomain formation and cell type specification.

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  1. Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie II, Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Bodo Christ & Martin Scaal

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  1. Bodo Christ
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  1. University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland

    Miguel Maroto PhD

  2. University of Exeter, Devon, England

    Neil V. Whittock PhD

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Christ, B., Scaal, M. (2008). Formation and Differentiation of Avian Somite Derivatives. In: Maroto, M., Whittock, N.V. (eds) Somitogenesis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 638. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09606-3_1

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