Cryocoolers 8

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

   PDF

2. Space Stirling Cryocooler Developments

   1. Development for Space Use of BAe’s Improved Single-Stage Stirling Cycle Cooler for Applications in the Range 50–80 K

      • B. G. Jones

      Pages 1-11

   2. Space Cryogenic Refrigerator System (SCRS) Thermal Performance Test Results

      • I. E. Spradley, W. G. Foster

      Pages 13-22

   3. Test Results for the Single-Stage Ball Flight Prototype Cooler

      • W. J. Horsley, E. F. Hicks, W. C. Kiehl, D. W. Simmons, D. J. Taylor, E. E. Wells et al.

      Pages 23-33

   4. Long-Life Cryocooler Development Program for ASTER

      • Masakuni Kawada, Hiroyuki Fujisada

      Pages 35-46

   5. Development of a Stirling Cryocooler Using Hydrodynamic Gas Bearings

      • L. Duband, A. Ravex, P. Rolland

      Pages 47-53

   6. Design, Performance, and Testing of the Lockheed-Developed Mechanical Cryocooler

      • T. C. Nast, P. J. Champagne, D. Isaac, G. M. Pryor, R. L. von Savoye, L. G. Naes

      Pages 55-67

   7. Improved Standard Spacecraft Cryocooler Life Test for Space-Based Infrared Surveillance

      • J. M. Wakugawa, H. Haque, K. D. Price

      Pages 69-76

   8. Development of Stirling Cryocooler for Use In Space

      • T. Fukuda, T. Tsuchiya, M. Ishii, T. Takakusagi, M. Furukawa

      Pages 77-84

   9. NASA/GSFC 80 K Long-Life, Low Vibration Mechanical Cryocooler Performance Test Program Results

      • L. G. Naes, G. M. Pryor, I. E. Spradley, D. Isaac, R. L. von Savoye, L. M. Sparr

      Pages 85-92

3. 20–50K Two-Stage Stirling Cryocoolers

   1. Multi-Stage Cryocooler for Space Applications

      • H. Carrington, W. J. Gully, M. Hubbard, C. Varner, P. Arter

      Pages 93-102

   2. 30 K Diaphragm Stirling Cryocooler Demonstration

      • W. D. Stacy, W. R. Baschnagel, D. B. Lussier

      Pages 103-112

4. Low-Cost Tactical Stirling Cryocoolers

   1. Hughes Long-Life Linear Stirlings: A Status Report

      • G. R. Pruitt

      Pages 113-120

   2. Linear Drive Stirling Cryocoolers: Qualification and Life Testing Results

      • R. M. Rawlings, C. E. Granger III, G. W. Hinrichs

      Pages 121-127

   3. Dual Opposed Piston Stirling Cryocoolers for IR Systems

      • Ram Narayan

      Pages 129-136

   4. Space Qualification Program of a Signaal USFA Tactical Cooler for the Mars 1996 Space Mission

      • André Chardin, Damien Féger, Dick Verbeek

      Pages 137-147

   5. Performance Characterization of the Sunpower Cryocooler

      • G. T. Smedley, R. G. Ross Jr., D. M. Berchowitz

      Pages 149-161

   6. Adaptation of Tactical Cryocoolers for Short Duration Space-Flight Missions

      • Leroy Sparr, Michelle Sartor, Robert Boyle, Stuart Banks, Edward James

      Pages 163-172

5. Stirling Cryocooler Performance Comparisons

   1. JPL Cryocooler Development and Test Program Overview

      • R. G. Ross Jr.

      Pages 173-184

   2. Thermal Performance of Stirling-Cycle Cryocoolers: A Comparison of JPL-Tested Coolers

      • G. T. Smedley, G. R. Mon, D. L. Johnson, R. G. Ross Jr.

      Pages 185-195

The last few years have witnessed a substantial maturing of long life Stirling-cycle cryocoolers built upon the heritage of the flexure-bearing cryocoolers from Oxford University, and have seen the emergence of mature pulse tube cryocoolers competing head-to-head with the Stirling cryocoolers. Hydrogen sorption cryocoolers, Gifford-McMahon cryocoolers with rare earth regenerators, and helium Joule-Thomson cryocoolers have also made tremendous progress in opening up applications in the 4 K to 10 K temperature range. Tactical Stirling cryocoolers, now commonplace in the defense industry, are finding application in a number of cost­ constrained commercial applications and space missions, and are achieving ever longer lives as they move to linear-drive, clearance-seal compressors. Building on this expanding availability of commercially viable cryocoolers, numerous new applications are being enabled; many of these involve infrared imaging systems, and high­ temperature superconductors in the medical and communications fields. The vibration sensitivity of many of the infrared and medical imaging applications has led to the recognition that cryocooler-generated vibration and EMI is a critical performance parameter for these applications. In response, advanced closed-loop active vibration control systems have been developed and are being delivered to their first users. Application experiments, designed to explore, troubleshoot and resolve product integration issues, are occurring on an ever widening front, particularly in the fields of infrared imaging and spectroscopy, gamma-ray spectroscopy, and high-temperature superconductor applications. An important lesson is that integrating cryogenic systems requires care and thoughtfulness in a broad range of engineering and scientific disciplines.

• Pet
• Superconductor
• Vibration
• cryogenics
• development
• earth
• experiment
• fields
• hydrogen
• sorption
• spectroscopy
• system
• temperature

• Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA

  R. G. Ross

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