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Association between apolipoprotein E4 genotype and human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia in younger adults starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa

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Abstract

It is not known whether the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allelic variant is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD) in a South African population, where HIV clade C is predominant. ApoE genotyping was performed on 144 participants in a larger study of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). There was a lower frequency of the ε2 and ε3 alleles in the HIV-positive group, compared to a group of 300 community-based newborn infants. There were no differences in ApoE genotype across different categories of HAND. The ε4 allelic variant was less common in individuals with HAD than in those without HAD. These findings suggest that the ε4 allelic variant in HIV-positive individuals is not associated with the development of HAD in Southern Africa.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, J-block, Groote Schuur Hospital, Anzio Road, 7925, Observatory

    John A Joska, Jacqueline Hoare & Dan J Stein

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa

    Marc Combrinck & Anna Cecilia Mahne

  3. Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Victor G Valcour

  4. Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

    Victor G Valcour

  5. Department of Laboratory Sciences, USA

    Felicity Leisegang

  6. Department of School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Landon Myer

  7. International Centre for AIDS Care and Treatment Programs, Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA

    Landon Myer

Authors
  1. John A Joska
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  2. Marc Combrinck
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  3. Victor G Valcour
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  4. Jacqueline Hoare
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  5. Felicity Leisegang
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  6. Anna Cecilia Mahne
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  7. Landon Myer
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  8. Dan J Stein
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to John A Joska.

Additional information

J.J. has received support from the National Research Foundation, the Biological Psychiatry Special Interest Group of the South Africa Society of Psychiatrists, the Medical Research Foundation of South Africa, and the Faculty of Health Sciences Research Committee, University of Cape Town. M.C. has received support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa. D.J.S. has received research grants and/or consultancy honoraria from Astrazeneca, Eli-Lilly, Glaxosmithkline, Lundbeck, Orion, Pfizer, Pharmacia, Roche, Servier, Solvay, Sumitomo, and Wyeth. The authors wish to thank the following research staff: Jean Luyt, Dr. Tricia Owen, Dorothy Magwaxaza, Lorraine Adendorff, and Judy Xala. The authors also thank the research participants for their time and willingness to take part.

This paper was first published online on Early Online on 8 September 2010.

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Joska, J.A., Combrinck, M., Valcour, V.G. et al. Association between apolipoprotein E4 genotype and human immunodeficiency virus-associated dementia in younger adults starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. Journal of NeuroVirology 16, 377–383 (2010). https://doi.org/10.3109/13550284.2010.513365

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/13550284.2010.513365

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